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Description: A meeting that consisted of the most powerful noblemen in France convened by Louis XIV to consult on matters of the state including the fix to the disastrous conditions of French finances.

Significance: It was the first time in history of French absolutism, a king was required to formally negotiate with his subjects to starve off bankruptcy.

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Creation of National Assembly (June 1789)

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Creation of National Assembly (June 1789)

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Description: Formed by the Third Estate who sought proportional representation in the assembly of Louis XVI. Its members made the groundbreaking decision to form a National Assembly, inviting the other estates to join.
Significance: The first revolutionary government of the French Revolution.

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Description: The violent attack on the government by the people of France to protest against the abuse of power of Louis XVI.

Significance: Signaled the start of the French Revolution.

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Description: A wave of riots and violence triggered by political unrest and panic.
Significance: The first instance of mass Third Estate solidarity.

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Description: In Paris, peasant women marched to protest famine. They complained about the high price and shortage of bread.
Significance: It gave the revolutionaries confidence in the power of the people over the king.

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Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen (December 1789)

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Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen (December 1789)

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Description: A fundamental document that granted civil rights to the people, however it excluded a significant segment of the French population.

Significance: One of the most significant declarations of human rights and one of the most lasting achievements of the French Revolution.

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Civil Constitution of the Clergy (July 1790)

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Civil Constitution of the Clergy (July 1790)

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Description: Sought to reorganize the Catholic Church on a national basis. It effectively made the church a department of the state.

Significance: It attempted to eliminate corruption and abuses within the Church.

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Description: Armed aristocrats arrived at the Tuileries Palace to ensure the safety of their king from a mob of revolutionaries who feared the king would try to escape from France.

Significance: Led France to abolish the monarchy and establish a republic.

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Description: The royal family’s failed attempt to escape the French Revolution. Disguised to flee Paris, the royal family was identified and detained in the town of Varennes.

Significance: Exposed the untrustworthiness of the king and the unworkability of the newly implemented constitution.

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Description: Influenced by Enlightenment ideas and the American Revolution it was intended to define the limits of power in the new government.

Significance: The revolutionary government’s first attempt at a written constitution document.

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Description: By kicking out the French king Louis XVI and declaring a republic, the other kings of Europe became extremely fearful that a similar revolution could take place in their own nation which led France to declare war on Austria.
Significance: Both countries responded with a coordinated invasion that was eventually turned back to Battle.

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Description: King Louis, Mary-Antoinette, and their children were imprisoned under the National Guard for crimes against the people.

Signifiance: The national convention places Louis under trial.

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Creation of the National Convention (September 1792)

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Creation of the National Convention (September 1792)

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Description: Elected to provide a new constitution for France after the overthrow of the monarchy. It was the first bicameral legislature.

Significance: France’s third attempt at a national legislature.

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Description: After weeks of testimony and argument, the Convention’s deputies voted in favor of Louis’ guilt.
Significance: The trial of Louis XVI would cause a sensation across France and around the world.

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Description: After voting unanimously to find Louis XVI guilty, the disputes held a separate vote on his punishment. Louis was sentenced to death and beheaded by the guillotine.

Significance: For the first time in a thousand years, France was not ruled by a monarch.

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Description: A period of the French Revolution following the First Republic, a series of massacres, and numerous public executions.

Significance: It instituted the conscripted army which saved France from invasion by other countries.

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Description: Eliminated individual freedoms and contributed to the fear and paranoia that became the Reign of Terror.
Significance: There were approximately 500,000 people arrested, 50,000 casualties, of which 16,594 were executed.

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Description: Liberal-conservative counter-revolution that followed the overthrow of Maximilien Robespierre.

Significance: It wound back the Reign of Terror and attempted to restore some of political, social, and economic values.

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Description: Established a national government under the Directory. It attempted to revive the public but also to limit voting/participation in politics based on gender, class, and property.

Significance: The convention was finally able to ratify a new constitution, which led the way in a period of governmental restructuring.

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Description: The governing of France ruled by a five-man executive committee. It failed to reform the disastrous economy, relied heavily on the army, and represented another turn towards dictatorship during the French Revolution.

Significance: The directory stopped the mass executions of the Reign of terror.