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Germany invades Poland using tactic known as Blitzkreig

-Event starts WW2

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Non- Aggression Pact

-Germany and Soviet sign pact (Molotov-Rivventrop Pact)

-The pact allows Germany to invade Poland and partition Poland with SU

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T4 Program begins

-Murder of the Mentally and Physically handicapped

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Voyage of St. Louis

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First Kindertransport arrives in Great Britain

-During the period 10,000 children (7500 were Jewish) were rescued from Germany, Austria, Czech, and Poland to Great Britain

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Kristallnach Pogrom

-Nationwide riot against Jews

-14000 synagogues are torched

-Many arrested and sent to camps

-91 Jews reported murdered

-Jewish owned shops and businesses are looted and burned

-The Jewish community will later be forced to pay compensation for the extensive damage

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***Munich Conference- leaders from four countries met (Germany, France, Great Britain, and Italy)

-Met to discuss the future of the Sudetenland

-Agreed that Germany could annex the Sudetenland but that would be it

-Czechoslovakia was not included in the conversation

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Jews are required to take on new middle names, Israel for men and Sarah for women. Later in 1938, Jews will be required to add the letter I. This mark makes it more difficult to find places for safe haven

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Evian Conference ***

-Delegates from 12 countries met in Evian, France- called by FDR

-Discussion of growing refugee problem

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The Anschluss- The annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany

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Jewish businesses have to register as Jewish- this will make it easier to be identified and banned from economic life and push forth the process of "Aryanization" or confiscation of Jewish property

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July 1937- Buchenwald Concentration Camp opens

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July 1937- Buchenwald Concentration Camp opens

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Opens as one of the largest camps in Germany

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March 1937- Catholic Church opposes Nazi Ideology

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March 1937- Catholic Church opposes Nazi Ideology

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Pope Pius XI criticizes Nazi ideology, but doesn't mention plight of German Jews

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Germany and Japan sign Anti- Comin term pact

-Directed agaisnt the communists (Soviet Union)

-Put pressure on Britain to reach terms with Japan because of threats to lands in the east

-Italy will join in 1937

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-Rome Berlin Axis agreement signed

-Formal alliance with Hitler and Mussolini

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Italy invades Ethiopia

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Nazi's put forth economic program for prepare them for war

2 goals:

-stipulates a timetable for intensified rearmament and give the Wehrmach operational capabilities within four year

-people are to be deported from occupied territories to forced labor campls to comply with plans

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-Berlin Olympics begin, known as "Nazi Olympics"

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Spanish Civil War

-Right- wing forces, known as Nationalists- led by General Francisco Franco and other military generals, launch an uprising with the intent to overthrow the democratically elected Spanish Republic

-Over the next three years of violent conflict, Italy and Germany would provide military aid to the Spain Nationalists, using the conflict testing grounds for new warfare methods and hoping to secure potential ally in the right-wing leader and future dictator, General Franco

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-Nazi march to Rhineland

-Territory belongs to France

-Hitler said if anything happens, turn back (nothing happened, and Nazis took territory)

-Public opinion: nobody cared, nobody wanted another war

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Nuremberg Law Extended to Other Groups

-The first supplemental decree of the Nuremberg Laws extends the prohibition on marriage or sexual relations between people who could produce "racially suspect" offspring. A week later, the minister of the interior interprets this to mean relations between those of "German or related blood" and Roma (Gypsies), blacks, or their offspring.

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New Marriage Requirements instituted

-The "Law for the Protection of the Hereditary Health of the German People" requires all prospective marriage partners to obtain from the public health authorities a certificate of fitness to marry

-Such certificated are refused to those suffering from "hereditary illness" And contagious diseases and those attempting to marry in violation of the Nuremberg Laws

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-Nuremberg Laws are instituted

-at their annual party rally, the Nazis announce new laws that revoke Reich citizenship for Jews and prohibit Jews from marrying or having sexual relatios with persons of "German or related blood." "Racial infamy," as this becomes known, is made a criminal offense

-The Nuremberg Laws define a "Jew" as someone with three or four Jewish grandparents

-Consequently, the Nazis classify as Jews thousands of people who had converted from Judaism to another religion, among them even Roman Catholic priests and nuns and Protestant ministers whos grandparents were Jewish

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-Von Hindenburg dies on August 2, 1934

-The Reich Government has enacted the following law which is hereby promulgated

~essentially combining role of President and chancellor

-Hitler becomes Fuhrer (supreme leader)

-Only one party now (the Nazis)

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-Hitler signs non-aggression pact with Poland

-Poland did not suspect a war yet

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1933 (starts slowly when Hitler becomes Chancelor)

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1933 (starts slowly when Hitler becomes Chancelor)

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-Hitler's government set up a phony initiative called the Agricultural Tractor Program

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-Hitler signs Concordat with the Vatican in Rome in exchange for the recognition of his regime's legitimacy from the pope

-Legitimized Hitler's rule (officially recognized by authority figure)

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-Germany quits the League of Nations

-No longer bound to the rules and laws of the Treaty of Versialles

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In July 1933, the Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring is put into effect. This law requires the forced sterilization of German citizens with hereditary illnesses such as "feeblemindedness" schizophrenia, manic depression, epilepsy, hereditary blindness or deafness, serious physical deformities, and more. Between 200,000 and 350,000 individuals will be sterilized between 1933 and 1945.

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Book Burnings

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-Gestapo created, originally by Hermann Goering

-"Secret Police"

-Eventually taken over by SS

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A new law sets a Jewish quota of 1.4 percent of high school and university enrollment

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Jews are restricted from working in the civil service.

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Nazi's declare boycott of all Jewish businesses. Uniformed Nazis, some armed with rifles, station themselves in front of every Jewish-owned shop, businesses, or professional office and keep customers from entering.

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The Night of Long Knives

-Challenges to the start of the 3rd Reich was the SA and Rohm

~ needed support of the army but they refused if it was under Rohm

-June 30th: lasted 72 hours

-SA absorbed into the regular military which took an oath of loyalty to Hitler

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-Dachau Opens: Basically a jail, prisons were overcowded

-First to be called a "Concentration Camp"

-First to use SS guards

-Mostly held political prisoners

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-*Enabling Act: Allowed Hitler to put through any measures without the approval of the Reichstag

-Its own members voted it out of existence

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-Reichstag Fire

-"Communist" Marinus van der Lubbe, 24, from Holland

-Allowed him to put away communists

-Reichstag Fire Decree: suspend civil liberties

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Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany

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The History Place - Rise of Hitler: Hitler Runs for President

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On election day September 14, 1930, the Nazis recieved 6,371,000 votes- over eighteen percent of the total - and were thus entitled to 107 seats in the German Reichstag. It was a stunning victory

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The Great Depression hits

Hindenburg evokes article 48, dissolves Reichstag, calls for election (hoping a party gets majority vote- doesn't happen)

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April 1925 Paul Von Hindenbrug becomes president

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April 1925 Paul Von Hindenbrug becomes president

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Franco Prussian War and WW1 vet. Honored and well respected by man.

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SS Formed- Hitler's elite bodyguards headed by Heinrich Himmler. Black Uniforms. Will eventually replace the SS.

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Mein Kampf "My Struggle" released

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Bavarian authorities lifted ban on NSDAP and was re-founded. No longer a paramilitary organization

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Joseph Goebbels joins the Nazi party. Will eventually serve as the Reich Minister of Propaganda

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-Hitler released from jail:

-New mission: take over gov in legal and organized actions

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Created economic stability in Germany

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-Trial

-Nazi Party banned

-Sentenced to 5 years in jail

-Only served a little over 8 months- released on good behavior

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Beer Hall Putsch

-Changed directions Nazi was going in the future

-Hitler gets punished, goes to jail BUT learns that he tugs on the heartstrings on ever nationalist (judge gave him lighter sentence)

-Has room with view, three meals daily, was allowed visitors whenever he wanted, given podium to speak

-Hitler starts to gain recognition (people now paying attention to Hitler and Nazi Party)

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France occupies Ruhr valley;

Hyperinflation is at its height.

Gives fuel to radical groups that call for reform.

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-Organized initially as small organization for boys and girls. The boys branch focused on discipline, fighting, etc. (was called the Hitler Youth).

-The girl's branch was focused on learning how to be good wives and caring for their husband (called the League of Germans).

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March on Rome: Benito Mussolini who founded the National Fascist Party in Italy came to power.

-Became prime minister without a fight.

-Led revolutionary group known as the black shirts.

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Party grows

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-SA is formed "Brownshirts"

-Group of young man, typically former military individuals, used by Nazi's to be the "muscle"

-Would beat people up, use intimidation tactics (Hitler's bodyguards)

-SA transformed party into more of a militaristic route

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Hitler becomes chairman of the Nazi Party- they realized they needed him, and he replaced Anton Drexler

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Nazi Party 20-point program

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The History Place - Rise of Hitler: The 25 Points of Hitler’s Nazi Party

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Composed by Adolf Hitler in 1920, the 25 Points outlines the political platform of the Nazi Party and remained mostly unchanged from 1920 through Hitler’s demise in 1945. This is part of a complete online history, The Rise of Adolf Hitler - From Unknown to Dictator of Germany, at The History Place.

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The German Workers Party becomes the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP-or the Nazi Party)

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Hitler joins the German Workers Party

Member 555 (actually 55, put an extra 5 to look like their enrollment was great)

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Weimar Constitution passed: 2 major weaknesses proportional representation in the Reichstag and Article 48

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Hitler's first anti-Semitic writing. Letter stating Jews are a race rather than a religion and that the Jews and Communists need to be "removed."

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Adolf Hitler’s First Anti-Semitic Writing

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Encyclopedia of Jewish and Israeli history, politics and culture, with biographies, statistics, articles and documents on topics from anti-Semitism to Zionism.

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Revolutions: Freikorps (paramilitary unit) help the German Military to fend off the Bolsheviks and the Jews.

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Hitler is still a member of the German military (is designated as an informant)

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World War 1 ends

Stab in the back theory: Jews and Communists encouraged failure of the war and lack of support at home.

November Criminals-those who signed the treaty.