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One example of this would be barnacles that attach themselves to whales. While this pays no cost to the whale, the barnacles are benefiting from this. Attaching themselves to the whales gives them a stable place to live, a free joy ride, and access to plenty of food through the whale.

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Commensalism is an interaction in which one species benefits and the other species is unaffected. This just means that one species provides something for the other, but doesn't gain nor lose anything in turn.

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Pollination is one of the most important mutualistic relationships on Earth. Bees, butterflies, birds, and bats all carry pollen between flowering plants. The flowering plant then provides food (nectar or pollen) for its pollinators!

Another example of this interaction is between leopard sharks and remora fish. The remora fish swims close to the leopard shark and feeds off of the scraps from its body, and in turn gains some protection.

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Mutualism is a relationship in which two species benefit from each other. Some mutualistic relationships are so close that they cannot survive without each other!

The phrase "I'd die without you" became literal!!

To put it simply, mutualism is no man left behind. While one species is benefiting, so is the other.

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First off, you have ECTOparasites which remain on the OUTside of their host. Then, you have ENDOparasites which live INside of the host's body.

Ecto - Ticks, fleas, leeches, lice, and mosquitoes.

Endo - Heartworms, protists, and tapeworms.

(Image - "This is a tapeworm in a person’s gut. It’s attached itself to the gut wall and will feed off the food the person eats — making it a parasite.")

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Parasitism is similar to predation in the sense that one organism (the host) is harmed, and the other organism (the parasite) benefits. However, unlike many forms of predation, parasitism usually doesn't result in the immediate death of the host; the parasite will usually feed on the host for a long period of time rather than killing it.

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How does competition affect the species competing?

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How does competition affect the species competing?

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It can cause one of the competitors to have an apparent reduction, leading further to less reproducing of similar species.

Competition amongst species is not uncommon, as it occurs quite frequently. This competition isn't always just for resources and shelter, but also for mating. It's very seen in many different groups of species, that during "mating season" male animals will compete and have "standoffs" to try and get the female.

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Interspecific competition is a type of interaction in which two or more species use the same limited resource, which could consist of prey, sunlight, or shelter. If two species are competing, the result may be a reduction in one of the competitors.

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How do predators adapt, and what are their adaptations?

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How do predators adapt, and what are their adaptations?

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Natural selection favors the evolution of predator adaptations for finding, capturing, and consuming prey.

For example, bats have adapted to be able to get through the dark with what is known as echolocation. Some species of bats have also developed large claws and feet to capture fish, and if they have decently large but not too large feet, then they most likely capture insects from the surface of ponds!

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Predation is when an individual of one species (a predator), eats all or part of an individual of another species (prey). Predators can be any type of consumer, which includes herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. All heterotrophs are either predators or parasites, or both.