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https://docs.google.com/document/d/13rIqC1s_VH6sq_qdv-Qe0e2nmLXjuoPlsxeVHLvFsVM/edit#

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History.com editors. “Crime in the Great Depression”. A&E Television Networks, March 8, 2018

https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/crime-in-the-great-depression Accessed October

17, 2019

No author given, “The Great Depression in Global Perspective”. Digital History, 2019,

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtid=2&psid=3433 Accessed October 21, 2019

Pells, H. Richard. “Great Depression Economy.” Britannica Article Website, July 20, 1998

https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Depression  Accessed October 17, 2019

Smiley, Gene. “Great Depression.” The library of Economics and Liberty, 2019,

https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/GreatDepression.html Accessed October 21, 2019

Smithosonian Website Editors. “ Great Depression and War World II, 1929-1945” Smithsonian National

Museum of American History https://americanhistory.si.edu/american-enterprise-exhibition/corporate-era/great-depression

Accessed October 21, 2o19

The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project Editors. “The Great Depression (1929-1939),” George

Washington  University, https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/teachinger/glossary/great-depression.cfm

Accessed October 18, 2019

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What ways did crime arose during the Great Depression?

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What ways did crime arose during the Great Depression?

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The main way that crime rose during the Great Depression is the prohibition law. Many Civilians were angry about this law and wanted to drink alcohol which lead to them either making it or buying it off of criminals. In the article “Crime in the Great Depression” it says, “Prohibition was unpopular with the public and bootleggers became heroes to many for supplying illegal alcohol during hard times.” (para 3) This shows that civilians became rebellious when the government took away alcohol and made it illegal. The people wanted to keep drinking alcohol and had only one choice to be able to drink it again. Another thing that arose during the Great Depression was gangs. Many gangs, including the mafia, emerged during the Great Depression in order to get some money. Nearing the end of the Great Depression, gangsters had lost many opportunities to get money because of the repeal of the prohibition law. Many gangsters were forced to go back to other, more dangerous crimes in order to get money. The article states, “The end of Prohibition in 1933 deprived many gangsters of their lucrative bootlegging operations, forcing them to fall back on the old standbys of gambling and prostitution, as well as new opportunities in loan-sharking, labor racketeering and drug trafficking.” (para 5) This shows that crime in the U.S. grew due to the Great Depression.

The Great Depression brought many crimes along with it. Some of the biggest crimes are gambling, prositution, loan-sharking, labor racketeering, and drug dealing. Due to the Great Depression, these crimes have become more common and even more deadly. The article “Crime in the Great Depression” states, “Violent crime rates may have risen at first during the Depression (in 1933, nationwide homicide mortality rate hit a high for the century until that point, at 9.7 per 100,000 people) but the trend did not continue throughout the decade.” (Second to last paragraph) This shows that crime was very common and could be very dangerous during the Great Depression. Another piece of evidence that shows how the great depression caused many crimes is how many countries tried to fix the Great Depression with a dictator. In the article “The Great Depression in Global Perspective” the text says, “To crush opposition to his program, which required peasant farmers to give their products to the government at low prices, Stalin exiled millions of peasants to labor camps in Siberia and instituted a program of terror called the Great Purge. Historians estimate that as many as 20 million Soviets died during the 1930s as a result of famine and deliberate killings.” (para 4) This shows that with the Great Depression, came many crimes even from leaders because they killed many people for almost no reason at all or due to starvation.

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How were other countries apart from the United States affected by the worldwide Great Depression?

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How were other countries apart from the United States affected by the worldwide Great Depression?

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Many countries in the world were greatly affected by the global Great Depression due to the resulting changes such as tariffs and lowered consumer demand that impact the planet. For example, European countries such as France and Great Britain had a difficult time during the Great Depression because they were greatly impacted for their trades and materials. The article Britanica states: “ Great Britain struggled with low growth and recession during most of the second half of the 1920s. Britain did not slip into severe depression, however, until early 1930, and its peak-to-trough decline in industrial production was roughly one-third that of the United States.” (para. 4 Pells)  It additionally adds onto the Great Depression’s effect on France: “France also experienced a relatively short downturn in the early 1930s. The French recovery in 1932 and 1933, however, was short-lived. French industrial production and prices both fell substantially between 1933 and 1936.” (para. 4 Pells) This shows how both France and Britain suffered from the Great Depression, due to their decline in industrial production which resulted in lower economy for the countries. Countries in Latin America was not affected by the long and painful Great Depression as the places in North America did. Canada, a country in North America, was also greatly affected by the Great Depression. They had a total of 42.4% industrial production decline during the Great Depression, which resulted in a lower number of jobs and overall decrease in the economy. Ultimately, countries such as France, Canada, and Great Britain were also severely impacted by the Great Depression, similar to the United States.

The whole world was affected by the Great Depression and in many different ways. For example, in Japan, Italy, and Germany, fascism and militarism were two responses to the depression. At first, for these countries, it seemed like a good idea to rebuild the military but it soon lead to less jobs. In the article “The Great Depression in Global Perspective” it states, “After becoming chancellor in 1932, Hitler outlawed labor unions, restructured German industry into a series of cartels, and after 1935, instituted a massive program of military rearmament that ended high unemployment.” (para 3) This shows that other countries were affected in possibly a worse way then the U.S. Other countries like Canada, Great Britain, and France turned to welfare capitalism. This made it to where more people got to work but gave no one free will to do what they want. The article “The Great Depression in Global Perspective” states, “A final response to the Depression was welfare capitalism, which could be found in countries including Canada, Great Britain, and France. Under welfare capitalism, government assumed ultimate responsibility for promoting a reasonably fair distribution of wealth and power and for providing security against the risks of bankruptcy, unemployment, and destitution.” (para 5). This shows how other countries had tried to force people into jobs which lead to bad workers and possibly even more unemployed people.

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What Are the Causes and Effects of the Great Depression?

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What Are the Causes and Effects of the Great Depression?

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There were many causes and after effects that had led up to the Great Depression and had helped develop and also influenced America into what it is today. The Great Depression was one of the worst American calamity and catastrophe due to the immense amount of suffering and pain colonial America had suffered during this time period. America had experienced a national breakdown throughout the country, beginning with banks failing with loans and government officials being useless and unhelpful to the growing cause. One important cause of the Great Depression was the feelings that arose from the aftermath of World War I. The United States were filled with pride and optimism for the good in the world, which resulted in poor choices of overinvestments in agricultural equipment and factories production. For example, the Smithsonian National Museum of American History states: “Optimistic after World War I, firms over-invested in factories. Farmers over-invested in equipment and land. Americans took on consumer debt for the first time.” (Para. 1) With these chain effects, the economy and consumer demand soon declined and helped precede the States into the Great Depression. Another factor that had caused the United States to plummet into the Great Depression was ignorance and naive behavior in the beginning of the economic distress that had not yet proceed into the Great Depression. In the beginning, people such as economic analysts thought that this was only a bump on the economy, that the great America would soon recover from this problem and continue on being the prosperous and flourishing country it was thought to be. Soon, the crisis continued to increase and led to national panic and distress. This reason was supported by the small amount of government funds that was used to aid in financial help for the country: ”In 1932, only 1.5 percent of all government funds were spent on relief and averaged about $1.67 per citizen. Cities, which had to bear the brunt of the relief efforts, teetered on the edge of bankruptcy.” (Para. 3 Eleanor Roos. Papers) Overall, the ignorance and optimism of the United States from WWI was what created and led to the Great Depression.

The effects on the United States during and after the Great Depression were both positive and negative. America, being a successful country, had been struck and sunk to the bottom of the pit of suffering and torment during this national disaster. Having only ½ economic gross national product than it originally had, the United States unemployment rates decreased dramatically at an alarming rate. This was at the peak of the Great Depression, when “unemployment had risen from 8 million to 15 million.” (para. 2 Eleanor Roos. Papers) This almost doubled the number of unemployment in the United States, making it a peak record and effect onto the country. Another effect on the United States were the amount of pain and agony the citizens had gone through at this time. With the number of unemployment already high, civilians fell into depression because they could not raise and support them and their family, which resulted in “suicidal rates to increase from .014% of the population in the States to .017%”. (Para. 4 Eleanor Roos. Paper). One last effect the Great Depression had on the United States were the influences and changes it had provoked. From the Britannica website, it states, “The recovery from the Great Depression was spurred largely by the abandonment of the gold standard and the ensuing monetary expansion. The economic impact of the Great Depression was enormous, including both extreme human suffering and profound changes in economic policy.” This shows the result from the Great Depression, forcing the country to make changes and abandon the gold standard and moving to new currency and transactions. In conclusion, the United States were greatly affected by the Great Depression, and changing its economic policies and having learned from the nation’s great amount of suffering.