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Role of gods: "Sing in me Muse and through me tell me the story of that man skilled in all the ways of contending..." (Homer 951). The Muse is Zeus daughter, who tells the story of Odysseus.
Plot points: "My home is on the peaked sea-mark of Ithaca under Mount Neion's wind-blown robe of leaves..." ( Homer 953). Odysseus home is in Ithaca with his wife and and son. This is where is throne lies.
Greek values: "No ship made sail  next day until some shipmate had raised a cry, three times, for each poor ghost..." (Homer 954). The value being upheld in this quote is death. Every person should be rightfully buried, remembered and honored.
Characterization: "My men where mutinous, fools, on stores of wine." ( Homer 953).  Odysseus was a great leader and new a great army was coming. His men are very foolish and don't listen to Odysseus. Greed had over taken his men.

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Role of gods:"... Grant that Odysseus raider of cities, never see his home" (Homer 110). Polyphemus praises to his father Poseidon, to curse Odysseus and his men.
Plot points:"... He clutched at my companions and caught two in his hands like squirming puppies to beat their brains out..." (Homer 102). This is now a test for Odysseus and his men to try to escape the cyclops.
Greek values: "We lit an offering, and took some cheese to eat..." (Homer 100). Hospitality is the Greek value being shown. Odysseus makes and offering to the Gods and to Polyphemus in thanks for letting them stay in the cave and eat some cheese.
Characterization: "We climbed, then, briskly to the cave. But Cyclops had gone afield..."(Homer 99). Odysseus and his men are very curious of what lives on the island. Odysseus will lose a couple men in turn for his curiosity.

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Role of gods: "I see destruction for your ship and crew. Though you survive alone, bereft of all companions..." (Homer 973). Tiresias tells Odysseus his future and what is to come if his men slaughter the cattle. Odysseus is now warned of what will happen and is prepared to face his destiny.
Plot points:"We bore down on the ship at the sea's edge and launched her on the salt immoral sea..." (Homer 969). Odysseus and his men at this point are crossing into the underworld. this is crossing the threshold from the ordinary world to and opposite.
Greek values:"... While you sail for home, but fire my corpse, and all the gear I had. and build a cairn for me above the breakers..." (Homer 972) The value of death is being upheld at this point. Elpenor has died and tells Odysseus how he want to have his burial.
Characterization: "But presently I gave command to my officers to flay those sheep the bronze cut down, and make burnt offerings of flesh to the Gods below." (Homer 971). Odysseus portrays that he is intelligent by commanding his men to make offerings. He knows that without the offerings the Gods could get mad.

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Role of gods: " But soon an offshore breeze blew to our liking a canvas-bellying breeze a lusty shipmate sent be the singing nymph with sun bright hair" (Homer 975). Cercie helps Odysseus and his men by giving them a favorable wind. By doing this the men didn't have to work very hard.
Plot points: " The lovely voices in ardor appealing over the water made me crave to listen" (Homer 978). The Sirens was a test for Odysseus, in order to have more knowledge. The only reason he passed the test was because his crew did what they were told.
Greek values:" They tied me up, then, plump amidships, back to the mass, lashed to the mass, and took themselves to rowing again" (Homer 977). This is an example of courage. Odysseus knows that if his men do one thing that they aren't suppose to they could die along with him. But he has enough courage to take the risk of listening to the Sirens and trusting his men.
Characterization: "I carved a massive cake of beeswax into bits and rolled them into my hands until they were softened... Going forward I carried wax along the line, and laid it thick on their ears" (Homer 977). This tells us that Odysseus  is using his intelligence. He does this by placing wax in his companions ears so they can't listen to the Sirens.

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Role of gods: "Zeus help us pull away before we founder" (Homer 979). Odysseus asks Zeus to be with them and help steer the boat. If Zeus could lead them to Scylla and away from Charybdis Odysseus would be grateful.
Plot points: " Then Scylla made her strike, whisking six of my best men from the ship" (Homer 980). Scylla and Charybdis is a test of Odysseus and his men. Odysseus knows people are going to die and still pushes forward. He survives the test by going Scylla's way and not Charybdis.
Greek values: "And all this time, in Travail, sobbing, gaining on the current, we rowed into the strait" (Homer 979). This shows the value of courage. The men go straight at the monster knowing a reward is on the other side, being one step closer to home.
Characterization: "Friends, have we never been in danger before this? More fearsome, it is now, than when the cyclops penned us down in his cave" (Homer 979). Odysseus is being brave and telling his men that there is nothing to worry about.  Odysseus is also keeping his cool even though he knows what is coming.

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Role of gods: "...A giant wind blew from heaven, and clouds driven by Zeus shrouded land and sea in a night of storm" (Homer 981).  Zeus forces Odysseus and his men into the cave. Zeus doesn't let up and forces Odysseus's men to go and eat King Helios cattle.
Plot points: " But in the end, when all the barley in the ship was gone, hunger drove them to scour the wild shore with angling hooks..." (Homer 981). This is yet another test for Odysseus and his men. They are not suppose to kill the cattle however they do and with that comes great trouble.
Greek values: "Fierce the God is who cherishes these heifers and these sheep: Helios; and no man avoids his eye" (Homer 981). The Gods rule this episode by leading Odysseus and his men into the cave. Odysseus and his men starve so Odysseus burns and offering. Zeus Punishes Odysseus and all his men.
Characterization:  "... And lean days drove their bellies thin" (Homer 981). Greed has taken Odysseus's crew and they are starving. They take it upon them selves to go get them selves food which leads to the fates of Odysseus's men.

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Role of gods: "She tipped her golden wand upon the man, making his cloak pure white, and the knit tunic..." (Homer 994). Athena is transforming Odysseus in front of Telemachus. Later Odysseus and Telemachus will believe one another and continue on the plan to retake Ithaca.
Plot points: "...He passed out through the gate in stockade to face the goddess" (Homer 994) The point is to meet the mentor. Athena is Odysseus's mentor and she tells him how they need to take back his home.
Greek values: "...That is a charm Athena... beggar man..." (Homer 997). Odysseus's physical form has been changed to a beggar. By doing this he will be able to go to his home and find the true loyalties of people.
Characterization: "... Let no one hear Odysseus is about"(Homer 999). Odysseus is being intelligent. He want to know who is still loyal and what people have betrayed him.

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Role of gods: " still disguised as a beggar..." (Homer 1001). Odysseus is still disguised as a beggar to check out his home. Athena transformed him into a beggar so he could see the loyalties of his people.
Plot points: "God! What evil blew in these pests"(Homer 1001). Odysseus is trying to find who is enemies are such as the suitors and some maids. He has Telemachus as an ally to help against the evil.
Greek values: "These men have bread to throw away on you because it is not theirs. Who cares"(Homer 1001). The Greek value of hospitality is being broken by the suitors. They have laid waste to all of Odysseus's things.
Characterization:" Then anger made Antinouses heart beat hard... The stole he let fly hit the man's right arm..."(Homer 1002). Antonius lacks self control. He is quick to anger and is rude to everyone. Odysseus hates him the most.

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Role of gods: "...Able to oversee the kind of house Zeus would endow me with honer"(homer 1005). Telemachus is able to understand what he must do for the Gods. He can't do that right now because the Suitors are making ruin of his house.
Plot points: "I swear that these things shall turn out as I say...After the wane, the crescent moon, Odysseus will return"(Homer 1005). Odysseus is Penelope's ally , he will do anything to help her. The beggar also acts as a mentor and gives hope to Penelope.
Greek values: " The country wives would hold me in dishonor..." (Homer 1005). The value of death is being shown in this episode. If she would not have a burial for Odysseus then she would be disobeying the value of death.
Characterization: " If he returned, if he were here to care for me, I might be happily renowned" (Homer 1005). Penelope is still loyal to Odysseus. She states this by saying that if he were here she would be happy and thankful for him.

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Role of gods: " Then Zeus thundered overhead, one loud crack for a sign"(Homer 1007). Zeus gives Odysseus a sign to say that now is the time to take action. Shoot the arrow through the axes.
Plot points:" And Odysseus took his time... while the master of weapons was abroad"(Homer 1007). This is Odysseus time to face the ordeal. He is to pass the challenge and reclaim his throne of Ithaca.
Greek values: "Now flashed arrow from twanging bow clean as a whistle through every socket ring..." (Homer 1008).  Odysseus shows physical strength. first by stringing the bow that no one else could. Second by shooting the arrow through all the axes. He did all this as a beggar.
Characterization: "Telemachus, thee stranger you have welcomed into your hall has not disgraced you"(Homer 1008). Odysseus shows true signs of bravery and courage. He shoot the arrow through the axes and then takes his throne in front of all his enemies.

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Role of gods: " Aided by Athena, Odysseus...and other faithful herdsmen kill all suitors" (Homer 1013). Athena supports Odysseus while he kills all the suitors. Zeus also gives him a sign saying that now is the time to attack.
Plot points: "While he had arrows he shot, and every shoot brought down one of his huddling enemies" (Homer 1013). This is the supreme ordeal. The intense part of part 2. Odysseus will finally kill all his enemies.
Greek values: " Your clean cut game is over" (Homer 1009). The suitors have disrespected his home. they have not held the value of hospitality.
Characterization: " There will be killing until the score is paid" (Homer 1011). Odysseus lacks self control at this point. He has every reason to be mad at the suitors and he will show no mercy.

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Role of gods: "Athena lent him beauty, head to foot. She made him taller and massive too" (Homer 1015). Athena finally turns him back to prove to Penelope that it is truly Odysseus. If Athena never would have turn him back he would have been stuck as a beggar for the rest of his life.
Plot points:" Her gaze upon her husband, her white arms around him as though pressed forever"(Homer 1017). Odysseus has finally gotten his reward. After 20 years gone he is finally home with his love Penelope.
Greek values:" With eyes brimming tears she ran to him, throwing her arms around his neck and kissed him"(Homer 1016). The value of hospitality is being held. After a long time Odysseus is finally welcomed home like he should have been.
Characterization:"Women, by heaven you have stung me now! Who dared to move my bed" (Homer 1016). Penelope shows her intelligence by making a test for Odysseus. He also knows that the bed has been moved that could have never been moved.