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Myobacterium Tuberculosis

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·      Cough

·      Chest Pain

·      Night Sweats

·      Coughing (with blood in cough)

·      Weight loss

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Tuberculosis can be treated with antibiotics, but it may take six to nine months to get rid of the bacteria.
Antibiotics include :

·      Isoniazid

·      Rifampin

·      Ethambutol

·      Pyrazinamide

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·      Wear a Mask

·      Always cough into a napkin and throw the napkin away
·      Get a TB skin test if you have been exposed to someone with TB
·      BCG Vaccine- Bacille Calmette-Guerin

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Myobacterium Tuberculosis is the rod shaped bacillus like bacterial cause of Tuberculosis. As with all myobacterium they contain peptidogylcan. They are an acid fast bacteria and when the bacteria is released into the air from a living person it can live for hours in that environment. If it is breathed into the lungs by another person then the bacteria multiplies.  It can stay in the body as a latent TB for months or years sitting dormant in the alveoli sacs of the lungs.  Granulomas keep the disease from going any further and reaching other parts of the body.  However, if the bacteria is released from the granuloma it can become active tuberculosis and then will cause symptoms such as coughing up blood, weakness, fever,  and chest pain.

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Tuberculosis is acquired through breathing in the bacteria Myobacterium Tuberculosis. If a person infected with the disease coughs or sings the disease can be spread. Since it is airborne many patients infected wear a mask at all times to prevent the spread of the disease, do not travel, and sleep in well ventilated areas.

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Anyone can contract Tuberculosis, however, the following have a higher risk of contracting the disease:

·      Babies and Toddlers

·      Patients with HIV

·      Patients with Latent TB

·      Drug Users (peripheral)

·      Patients with diseases or a diagnosis that already makes their immune system weak

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·      Latent TB- This is a condition where a person has contracted TB but is able to fight off the bacteria. This usually does not show any symptoms and won’t affect the body. A person with Latent TB cannot spread the bacteria to others. However, if a person has a weak immune system then this could become Active TB. Therefore, they still need to be treated to stop advancement of the disease.

·      Active TB- this is the condition where the bacteria has been inhaled and it is now active in the lungs.  The bacteria is growing at a rapid rate and the body is unable to fight off the bacteria.  This can be confirmed with a skin or blood test. Active Tuberculosis will show many symptoms and is potentially fatal if left untreated in a timely manner.

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·      In the past TB has been referred to as The White Plague or Consumption.

·      Famous historical figures such as John Keats, Doc Holliday, and Emily Bronte all had tuberculosis

·      Tuberculosis is the number one cause of death in people with HIV

·      The vaccine BCG is not a required vaccination in the United States

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How many people have Tuberculosis?
Although Tuberculosis is sometimes considered a disease of the past, it is very much still present in society. The world has seen a steady decline in TB in the last 25 years.  However, it is not enough to completely eradicate the disease.
As of 2016, about 2 out of every 100,000 people had contracted Tuberculosis.