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The regions that were involved in the silk road was China because that's where the traders got the silk and they traveled to Western Asia and then they traveled to Rome. Also other places were India, Persia , central Asia, and Europe.

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Regions involved were Sub-Saharan Africa and some West African Empires. The important was to exchange goods/ trade

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The trade networks involved many trading partners from the Byzantine empire to Arabia. The importance of the trade routes were the trading partners in each Network, the products they sold each other.

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The Sea Routes were trade routes that utilized ships to travel across seas and oceans to reach other regions for trading.
The main region that used these routes was South Asia, which used these routes to spread religion and luxuries.

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There were important trade items which were gold and salt, miners had to dig gold from shafts, usually as 100 ft deep. West Africa savanna and forests didn't have enough salt so most merchants had to travel and find more salt. Miners also found new gold deposits further east which caused the trade routes to shift eastward.

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Products that were traded were cloth, weapons, salt, gold, grain, leather goods, glassware, books, cooper, and slave trade.

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Islam diffused through North Africa by trades. Muslim traders introduced their religions traditions. The language of Arab diffused in to religion and education. Since the trade routes provided incentives and resources for building they usually built political/monuments out of gold.

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Geography merchants had to deal with ocean travel, the advantages they had were stern rudders made dhows (Boats) easy to manuever. And Lateen, Trangular sails enabled sailors to sail against the wind.
There was also land travel the advantages over that were camels since they can carry heavy burdens over long distances. A camels fat reserves in their humps enable them to go without food for days.=

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The major civilization how traded were the Aztec (Meso-america) and the Inca's (South America).The importance of trade in Aztecs was crucial to their economy. For the Incas they only traded among themselves.

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Some technology and innovations were the caravans were traders could stay in and rest for the next day. The Arabian camel would carry stuff and would usually travel long without any water for about 10 days.

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One of the major cities was one called Timbuktu. Population was about 100,00 people. It was an important city because it attracted  Muslim judges, doctors, religious leaders, and scholars. Timbuktu had outstanding mosques and universities.

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The luxary products traded on the routes were..
-Moonflask: Made of porcelain. During the yuan Dynasty (1279-1368), China produced delicate porcelain with elabotate decorations.
-African Ivory Spoon: Ivory comes from elephant tusks, frequently it was carved into utensils or decorative objects
-Silk Cloth: Many people deire silk because it was shiny and can be dyed beautiful colors. It was extremely strong yet light weight.

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South Asia is where Hinduism and Buddhism started
Middle east is where islam and christianity started and began to spread.

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The Aztecs merchants had to pass through geographical and environmental differences. It had distinctive climate that they had to adapt to. They had to pass through  a large amount of land which were divided into 38 provinces. For the Inca's they only traded with each other. They had the Inca's road system. A 14,000 mile long network of road and bridge spanned through rugged mountains and harsh desserts.

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The technologies and innovations at this time were...
Astrolabe: Sailors used it to measure the height of the sun or a star above the horizons.

Chinese compass: Sailors can use the magnetic north, Sailors  can use that information to navigate.

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In the Aztecs Tenochtitlan city was the main center of trade. Some products that they traded were avocados, beans, chili peppers, corn, squash, and tomatoes. The Inca's government control most of their supplies. Trained class of accountants traveled through the system roads to transport good as needed.

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Major cities were the byzantine Empire, Persia and central Asia which were trading partners some of the trade networks.

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The Aztecs and the Inca's didn't diffused their culture trough trade route since wasn't as much culture into Europeans came to America.The Aztec and Inca's kept to themselves and didn't have much outside contact with other empires.

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The Aztecs had built three raised roads, called causeways over the water and marshland. This roads connected the city center with outlining residential districts. They also had an advanced mathematical system. In the Inca's there road system was an amazing architecture. Another thing would be how they taxes and governed. Making their citizens work on building things.

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One major city in the Aztecs were the  Tenochtitlan. Which had a greater population then any major city in Eurasia. @

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Many sailors and traders developed ships and boats to travel across the Mediterranean Sea to reach distant regions. They used winds via sails to adjust their speed and change the boats' direction its heading.

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The traders had to go over mountains and across deserts and the way the traders overcame this was riding on camels that carried all of their items the merchants were going to trade.

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The products the merchants were going to trade was silk, spices, gold, porcelain (a white vitrified translucent ceramic), precious wood, gems, wool cloth, gold, and silver.

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It was a  cultural diffusion.

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The new innovation was caravans of camels which means a line of camels all carrying the goods and the traders/merchants.

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The major city was Kashgar it kept on growing because it was a stop on the Silk road for the Merchants and Camels to rest.

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The Sea Routes allowed traders to reach distant regions faster than on foot and also been able to transport a larger amount of goods thanks to the larger spaces of boats. Most of these boats included luxuries such as spices, jewelry , and art.

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The Sea routes diffused two religions/philosophies which were Hinduism and Buddhism, mainly by traders who either believed in the religions or traded items related to the religions such as statues of worship.
The Sea Routes also diffused many Indian cultures such as India's literature and arts such as the play called " Shakuntala" by the Indian writer Kalidasa which helped give India cultural identity among to other countries.

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As traders began using the Oceans to reach other regions and empires , they began innovating boats and ships to suit their trading purposes.
Many of their ships had large spaces to store in goods such as foods and luxuries.
Ships also used sails to take advantage of winds to either travel faster to their destination or to change directions.
Also many traders began borrowing compasses from China to make it easier to travel and know if they're going the right direction.

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The Sea Routes's major city was the city of Malacca.
The city was heavily important as it served as a trading post between South Asian and East Asian routes