# data[].attributes.body
Iron was produced to make the goods that people needed, like machine frames,water and pipes.

People used coke, which was purer than coal burned hotter to melt the ore

From 1793 to 1815 iron production quadrupled.

# data[].attributes.body
The cotton and wool production started in 1772

The 'flying shuttle', 'spinning jenny', 'water frame' and 'Compton's mule' paved the way fort the production of cotton and wool

The first factories were cotton mills in the I.R.

# data[].attributes.body
Invented in 1779 by Samuel Crompton

Invented by combining the 'Spinning Jenny's Carriage'  and the 'Water Frame's Rollers'.

Work as a single power source spinning multiple machines, working with wool or cotton yarn

Still required skilled workers

Developed later for unskilled workers to operate too

Steam power later applied for use in cotton spinning

# data[].attributes.body
invented by James Hargreaves in 1765

helped to increase supply of yarn

could spin up to 8 threads at once compared to one at a time

# data[].attributes.body
First railways was built on 1825.

It combined two innovations - steam engines plus rail-mounted mining trucks.

Whole new phase to industrial revolution.

The construction for 438 new lines granted by the parliament between 1844 and 1846.

200,000 men were employed just for laying railway tracks.

Majorly impacted travel times that were much quicker.

Travels in trains were much more common.

# data[].attributes.body
invented by John Kay in 1733

more efficient way of weaving

especially useful for very wide looms

only requires one weaver to shoot the yarn

yarn shoot from one side to another

produces cloth more quickly

increasing demand

# data[].attributes.body
Hannah B, Emiley and Dolapo

The steam engine was useful for factories, trains and ships, but too big for small businesses and vehicles

1859- Etienne Lenoir developed basis internal combustion engine same engine used in cars

Made an engine that sucked coal gas and air into a cylinder to then have it ignited by a spark pushing down with a piston that then turned into a wheel

Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach experimented with an engine that used new fuels (petrol)

Karl Benz made the worlds first petrol powered car

The engine became more reliable and powerful making cars more common

Ihe internal combustion engine allowed for the development of aeroplane

# data[].attributes.body
Invented by  Richard Trevithick in 1801.

First driven on roads then later tramways.

Only used by commercial purposes.

The Stephenson's rocket invented by George Stephenson in 1829.

The Stephenson's Rocket = famous steam locomotive.

Overtime modification were made to enhance the capabilities.

# data[].attributes.body
First commercial steamship was made by Robert Fulton in 1807

The steamship went through many different designs and improvements over the next 100 years

E.g: the more resilient screw propellers were developed to replace the easily damaged paddle wheel of the early steam ships.

By 1838, ships were crossing the Atlantic Ocean purely by steam power.

In 1843, the British engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel launched the SS Great Britain

The SS Great Britain was the first iron hulled steamship with screw propeller designed to cross oceans

Steamships quickly began replacing sailing ships

Although their cargo space was reduced by the massive amount of space needed for storing coal, they were faster and more reliable

# data[].attributes.body
- invented by Richard Arkwright
- it was invented in 1768
- it was a spinning frame
- improved on James Hargreaves' invention
- it was powered by a waterwheel

# data[].attributes.body
Over 100 canals were dug across Britain between 1760 and 1820

One of longest canals was Liverpool to Leeds canal. Its 204 kilometres long

Work started in 1770 and finished in 1816

At first, horses puled carts alongside canals with crops from the country to the city

Were used to move coal and other goods.

Canals caused the prices of coal to drop by half. New costs lead to even faster growth in the cotton mills.

Lower costs of coal also lead to increasing profits for mill owners

# data[].attributes.body
Early 1700s , majority  of the roads in Britain were built & maintained by locals

they repair them only when it was absolutely necessary

because of this, most roads in London were in  poor condition

few roads were managed by turnpike trusts

By 1830s there were more than  1000 such trusts.

As a result to that , roads improved and travel times increased

As roads improved, demand for more reliable & convenient ways of crossing grew.

# data[].attributes.body
Before Factories were made in Britain Manufacturing took place in small workshops or local workers cottages

Workers used their skills, muscle power or water power

Factories brought together large number of workers in a single site or factories

Few of these workers were skilled because most of manufacturing was done by machinery

Employment offered to children and women because they are cheaper to pay.

became notorious and had poor working conditions until the parliament decided to regulate the working conditions.

workers were forced to work in unsanitary places with a mindless, repetitive job and either froze in the cold or melted in the heat

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Working in the Factories  By: Kaitlin Ahlenius

# data[].attributes.body
Work in your small groups to complete your given topic/s

You will need to use chapters 8.5, 8.6 and 8.8. ONLY USE THE TEXTBOOK FOR INFORMATION. Do NOT Google Search.

Take notes and keep the dot points simple. Make sure to include what it is and its impact- how was it a game-changer?

Only have ONE person typing on the post.

Once you have finished, find a relevant, helpful and appropriate image to attach

If you waste this Padlet, you will have to hand write it all at lunch.

# data[].attributes.body
James And Joseph

The Steam engine was invented in 1698 but was made to pump water from mines by James Watt Later

Most Popular from mid 1800s to early 1900s

It was used to pump water from mines but later used to generate electricity

Coal was used to heat water to generate steam which was used to power a 'Flywheel'

From 1775 to 1800 almost 500 steam engines were produced