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“The ciceronian period also in general a rigorous logical structure...elimination of constructions ‘according to sense’ as well as colloquial language” (Conte section 6) ~ShaSha

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exaggeration/hyperbole   syntax-word order (in first or last)   prase him self a lot

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exaggeration/hyperbole   syntax-word order (in first or last)   prase him self a lot

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-abigail fuller (Mania Amatia Lupa)

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Used -> Diction to move focus of power off of him

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Used -> Diction to move focus of power off of him

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“Cicero saw himself more as a politician and statesman than a writer and thinker...this may be why many contemporary reactions we can discern to Cicero as a writer are distinctly negative” (Conte section 9) ~ShaSha

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used his wealth

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built an idea that everyone he was speaking to was in danger. Building him a bigger fanbase

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built an idea that everyone he was speaking to was in danger. Building him a bigger fanbase

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“A martyr to tyranny... privilege liberty over equality/democracy and upper classes over plebeians” (conte section 9) ~ShaSha

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cataline and other land owners  were in debt and tried to use corruption and uprising to get their way

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cataline and other land owners  were in debt and tried to use corruption and uprising to get their way

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jackson

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He tries to become more powerful as consul by claiming he is doing what the gods want

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He tries to become more powerful as consul by claiming he is doing what the gods want

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jackson

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Wants everyone to be pissed at Catiline and used phrases like "oh citizens" to get people to come together on his side. Braydon

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“Cicero managed to detach his colleague Antonius from Caroline and so neutralize the threat posed by having a potential supporter of Cataline at the head of the government” (Longman) ~ShaSha

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it makes him sound like the savior of rome while catiline is trying to destroy it

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Many writers criticized him, but knew his writings would be known for a long time. “ his fame will last forever” (Confe, pg 203, Cicero’s literary success)

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He is still relevant to us today, because we don't really know the intent of politicians and leaders in society and it is good to question them

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He is still relevant to us today, because we don't really know the intent of politicians and leaders in society and it is good to question them

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jackson

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He doesn't focus on himself,  but focuses more on how bad his enemies are, and how he is saving them from everything that is wrong. 

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He doesn't focus on himself,  but focuses more on how bad his enemies are, and how he is saving them from everything that is wrong. 

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He is a very important guy in history. “Privilege liberty over equality and democracy” (confe, 206)

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“Cataline appears to have directed his appeal more and more to the down and out, those who had burdened themselves with debt and those who had suffered..” (Longman) ~ShaSha

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he tries to link himself to thew gods

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Kind of like what the person above said, he draws attention away from what he's doing by getting angry at cataline

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Kind of like what the person above said, he draws attention away from what he's doing by getting angry at cataline

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jackson

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“His fame will last forever...” (Conte pg. 203) This is because Cicero was very impactful on Rome and made several changes which later influenced others because many of his ideas were very unique and unthought of.

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“His fame will last forever...” (Conte pg. 203) This is because Cicero was very impactful on Rome and made several changes which later influenced others because many of his ideas were very unique and unthought of.

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- Abi

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“Cicero, the great advocate, the superb manipulator of words for the purpose of persuasion, utilizes such stratagems in his speeches and theorizes about them in his rhetorical treatises.” Pg. 177 Author- Gian Biagio Conte (1994).
Molly Elliott

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“In 49, upon the outbreak of the civil war, Cicero adhered to Pompey’s cause without enthusiasm.” Pg. 184 Author- Gian Biagio Conte (1994)
Molly Elliott

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“With the passage of time,” wrote Plutarch in his Life of Cicero, “he believed he was not only the greatest orator but also the greatest poet of Rome...” Pg. 200 Author- Gian Biagio Conte (1994)
This might be good to keep in mind because his style of writing might lead to deeper meanings in his speeches.
Molly Elliott

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Cicero had a drive to establish an intellectual ethical and political base for thought.
-Tameron

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Cicero tries to get Antonious on his side so that he has more power on Cataline
-Tameron

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Cicero continually questions, not giving a chance for response. Each question striking a new point. this shows that he feels he has power over him, like Cicero is in charge
-Tameron

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"Cicero's work can be read as the search for a difficult balance between modernization and the necessity of preserving traditional values." pg 178, --ruby m

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"Lucius Sirgius Catiline and Marcus Tullius Cicero. Catiline was a near bankrupt aristocrat, while Cicero, his most outspoken adversary, was a renowned orator and statesman as well as a philosopher and poet."
Author - Donald L Wasson pg 1 (article) (2016) --Joe

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"He poses questions regarding the very roots of social, political, and moral crisis in Roman society and tries to devise long term solutions." pg 192, --ruby m

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"Marcus Tullius Cicero expressed principles that became the bedrock of liberty in the modern world. He insisted on the primacy of moral standards over governmentlaws. These standards became known as natural law." Author - Jim Powell (1997) pg 1(article) -- Joe

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"Influx of wealth made the rigid morality of early days a hopeless anachronism, yet swift abandonment of virtues and values [questioned the survival of Rome]." pg 178, --ruby m

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Cicero works very hard in his writing to give himself glory and fame while focusing the spotlight on the God's which no one would ever argue with.
- Joe

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He uses a tone of calm panic in order to give people the size of the situation while also seeming to remain in control. He wants to make sure he seems like he's got everything under control, but the God's are still in control
-Joe

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"[Catiline is represented as someone who] spoke before elections to plot massacres of political enemies, to seize choice offices and appointments for themselves in bloody uprising, and to remedy their financial difficulties by cancelling all financial debts." pg 3, --ruby m

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The most influential part of Cicero in my opinion is the instatement of a natural law. And Cicero is arguably one of the first to really use the full power of words in politics in order to pass a law before the law has even really been introduced. It has messed with how we communicate argumentatively now. -Joe

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Cicero's public speaking allowed him to over come his families disadvantage as non sensational; and excessively proud man
--ruby m

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Same quote as Shasha's Conte section 6
--ruby m

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"Clearly, it was Cicero's skill as a public speaker that enabled him to overcome the disadvantage of his birth into a non senatorial family. Cicero was recognized in his lifetime as Rome's foremost orator, and no other figure before or after him comes close to challenging his preeminence." Pg. 7 Author: Longman, White Ptains, Ny (1998) Molly Elliott

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"Cicero attempted to give substance to his political- social program through practical applications that may be adapted, sometimes opportunistically." JOCELYN!!!

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Cicero focuses on how he is lifting people up from the bad. He compares himself to the gods so know one ever views him as wrong or can disagree with him. -Bella  

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Cicero focuses on how he is lifting people up from the bad. He compares himself to the gods so know one ever views him as wrong or can disagree with him. -Bella  

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"He won the reputation of being an honest and scrupulous governor" Jocelyn

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Same quote as Ruby (page 178)
-Jocelyn

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Bella H

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Same Rhetoric quote as Molly -Jocelyn

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Cicero overcame disadvantages that would ideally hold him back from gaining office but he managed to "alarm the voters" against his rivals. Jocelyn

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"Clearly, it was Cicero's skill as a public speaker that enabled him him to overcome the disadvantage of his birth into a nonsentorial family" (Longman, 7). This shows that Cicero made his speeches a priority to influence the public because despite his "unqualifications" he proved that he could be an impactful leader. His confidence through his speeches overpowered his flaws to the public eye. - Abi Stucky

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"...the disadvantage of his birth into a nonsenatorial family" (Longman, 7). A nonsenatorial family is basically a phrase meaning that he did not come from a long line of senators. This can be positive, because he can relate more to his audience in his speech because he grew up in similar conditions as them. - Abi Stucky

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"In later years, Cicero took what some have regarded as excessive pride in his accomplishment of saving the state from Catiline's plot" (Longman, 7). This can describe who Cicero could have had a very eragant tone because he believed he saved Rome from Catiline. To do this he probably talked about himself in a very "godly" manner. - Abi Stucky

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"...he lacked the network of political connections and allies to influence the course of events as he would have liked" (Longman, 7). This shows how Catiline tried to make his connections with outside sources a priority but fell short of what he wanted to accomplish. - Abi Stucky

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“Cicero managed to detach his colleague Antonius from Caroline and so neutralize the threat posed by having a potential supporter of Cataline at the head of the government” (Longman) - Abi Stucky

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“Cicero managed to detach his colleague Antonius from Caroline and so neutralize the threat posed by having a potential supporter of Cataline at the head of the government” (Longman) - Abi Stucky

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“Cicero was recognized in his lifetime as Rome’s foremost orator, and no other figure before or after him comes close to challenging his preeminence”(7 Longman)

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"Attempted to stand for an election" (Longman, 2-3, at the bottom). During the time of the election, the city of rome was in the process or transitioning of power. Because Cicero won the election, he speaks with the intentions of keeping his power and empowering himself 24/7.

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"Nearly all Cicero's rhetorical works were written from 55, a couple of years after his return from exile, [...] they are produced by the need for a political and cultural response to the crisis." Jocelyn K Conte

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"Nearly all Cicero's rhetorical works were written from 55, a couple of years after his return from exile, [...] they are produced by the need for a political and cultural response to the crisis." Jocelyn K Conte

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"Clearly, it was Cicero's skill as a public speaker that enabled him to overcome the disadvantage of his birth into a nonsensational family
Jocelyn (sallust)