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In reading, predicting is telling what one thinks will happen in a story or what information will be presented before actually reading the text.

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Teacher could think out loud their prediction process and say:
"Good readers always predict what will happen next in the text. Looking at the title of the the book, "If You Give a Mouse a Cookie" I can ask myself a few questions before I read.
1. What is this book about?
I think this book is about a mouse who will fill up on a  cookie.
2. I think this story is going to....
I think this story is going to have the mouse eat a cookie.

Now that I predicted what will happen in the story lets find out to see if I was correct.

While I read I ask myself,
1.  "Am I confirming my predictions?"
Well I found out that the mouse wants to eat more than a cookie.
2. "Do I need to change my predictions?
Yes, the mouse ate more than just a cookie!

Now that  I finished the book I always ask myself,
1."We're my predictions confirmed or changed?"
Well I changed my prediction about the mouse only eating cookies. But my prediction was correct about the mouse eating a cookie!"

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Teacher reads a new book and asks the class, "From the title of this book what can you predict will happen?"

The teacher can jot down students predictions on the board.
"Okay let's dive into this book and see if any of our predictions are correct."
Reassure students that its okay if their prediction are wrong.

During the reading the teacher can pause and refer to the board about correct and incorrect predictions.
With the incorrect predictions the teacher and class can help change the predictions.

Once the book is finished the teacher can ask the class "What predictions were correct? What predictions were changed?"

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Predicting is a tool that makes us better readers. When we're constantly asking questions about what will happen next in the text we are getting more information from it than we would have if we were not predicting.

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The Importance of Making Predictions

If you were to have your palm read, the lines on your palm would be examined to predict what will happen to you in the future. But when a reader makes predictions about a novel or textbook, specific details from the text are used. Predicting is a reading comprehension strategy that readers use to anticipate what comes next based on clues from the text and by using their prior knowledge.

From the second a reader sees the title of a text, looks at a picture on the cover, or reads the first line, prior knowledge from what they've learned and/or from life experiences is used to make predictions or educated guesses. Predicting is an ongoing process that keeps the reader engaged as he or she tries to figure out what is coming next by making new predictions. He or she is also revising old predictions as more information is gathered. From beginning readers to adults who've been reading the majority of their lives, predictions help keep readers focused and motivated, and it shows that they understand what they are reading.

More advanced readers make predictions very naturally before and during the reading process, much like when someone watches a movie and keeps interrupting it to say what they think will happen next. This may be annoying, but it shows that the person is demonstrating a higher level of thinking versus passively reading or watching and absorbing everything without questioning or thinking about it.

How to Model Predicting & Its Importance

With beginning readers, you should model predictions by thinking aloud. This is done when you read a text to the class and talk about your thought process in order to show students how to make predictions. For example, a student might think The Three Little Pigs is going to be about three pigs on a farm because of the title. There aren't any detailed clues as to its context. But you can guide the students to examine the picture on the cover, pointing out the angry wolf and saying, 'What can we predict about him?'

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how to make predictions based on information from a reading selection video with lesson transcript | study.com

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How to Make Predictions Based on Information from a Reading Selection Video with Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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If you were to have your palm read, the lines on your palm would be examined to predict what will happen to you in the future. But when a reader makes predictions about a novel or textbook, specific details from the text are used.

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Teacher  passes out a copy of  "Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day "
Teacher passes out a worksheet that looks like this...

Before I read
1. What is this book about?
(What can I learn from the title or illustration on the cover?)
_________________________________
2. I think this story is going to _________________________________

While I read
1.Am I confirming my predictions?
(Yes)                               (No)
2. Do I need to change my predictions? If so, explain what you are changing.
_________________________________

After I read
Were my predictions confirmed or changed?
_________________________________