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Saint Barbora

-       Martyr from Nikomédie ( now is Izmit in Turkey)

-       Celebrating 4th December

-       Barbora is born in 3 century

-       Now we are cutting the cherry twig from the tree and the cherry twig and put it in a vase

-       If the cherry twig bloom until Christmas, the girl who tore the cherry twig will get married next year

-       On the boats from Spain and France it was a picture of Saint Barbora above the chest and in the chest it was a gunpowder

K. Sedláková

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1.Christmas pastry: Christmas cookies, Christmas cake...
2.Christmas habits and traditions: Decorating Christmas tree, Making créche, Christmas dinner, Christmas cookies, Midnight mass, Slicing apple, Pouring lead or wax into water, Throwing shoes, Singing carols, Launching boats on water...
3.Christmas superstitions: Number of persons must be even, On Christmas day must not be swept...
4.Christmas presents: Christmas present us gives Jesus, Children are writing letters for Jesus,...
5.Christmas carols:The most famous carols... Silent night, Christmas coming, Christmas Eve is here, Jingle bells...
6.Christmas decorations: Advent wreath, Lights on windows...

Kristýna Jatiová
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Klára kuncová

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1. Advent starts 4 weeks before the Christmas Day .

2. Word advent means coming to Jesus.

3. People have advents wreath with 4 candles. Every Sunday fire one candle.

4. Sing Christmas songs.

5. Bake sweets.

Anna Dorničáková

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The Barbora live in 3.-4. century in Nikomédia.
The girt tore off the branch of the cherry.
Put in ligaments at 4th december.
If they bloom by Christmas, they should get married within a year.
Today is only ornament on the table.

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1. Historical origin:
Originally was the people celebrated the winter solstice.
Later Christians begun to celebrat the birth of Jesus Christ.

2. The legend of birth:
Jesus was born in a barn in Bethlem. Mother's name was Maria and father's name was Joseph. At the birth of Jesus comet was seen in the sky. People broughts different gifts to the newborn boy and they worshiped him.

3. Christmas symbols:
christmas tree, christmas cakes, advent calendar, advent wreath, bethlemes, carp, apple ...

4. Time classification:
The time from 24th of December to 6th of January.
24. December- Christmas Eve
25. December- Christmas Day
26. December- 2nd Day of Christmas- St. Stephen day
1. January- New year- Public holiday
6. January- three Kings

5. The course of the holidays:
People buy gifts, bake christmas cakes, decorate and clean their houses or flats at the time of Advent.

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History:
- day of New Year change in history(1.1., 6.1., 25.12...)
- people go to church, give little presents
- Napoleon time - bread with some good things
- big dinner (Christmas)- different food for rich and poor
- later alcohol and party
- from 20. century - fireworks
New Year songs and New Year say:
- about Happy New Year, good luck
- lentils - money
- not wash - bad luck
- New Year happy - year happy
PF - from France
New Year Cards:
- in history more paper
- now- more SMS, PC
- I like Paper cards
Three Kings :
- children have costumes , go to house in town
- children sing - get chocolate(money)
- on door K+M+B (children come to my house)

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1.  HISTORY
At the beginning, people celebrated winter solstice -  21 and 22 of December.
- later the meaning of Christmas changed and people (Church) believed in Christianity, in birth of Jesus Christ
- until the 18 century people didn´t celebrate Christmas in their families, from 18 century people started to celebrate the birth of Jesus
2.LEGEND ABOUT BIRTH
Jesus was born in Bethlem
- his parents were Joseph and Mary
- he was born in barn, because people didn´t want to host the family
- 13 days after  the birth, on 6th of January, 3 kings came to barn  -Casper, Melichar and Baltazar - they gave pressents to little Jesus
3. CHRISTMAS SYMBOLS:
apples, onion, bethlems, carols, christmas tree, christmas cake, C+M+B, mistletoe,  advent wreath, advent calendar
4. CHRISTMAS DAYS
24.12. Christmas Eve ( day of the Jesuses birth)
25.12. Christmas day
26.12. st. Stephen
27.12. just holiday
28. 12. same
29.12. same
30.12. same
31.12. New Year´s Eve
1.1. New Year
2.- 5. free days
6.1. Three kings C+M+B
7.1. school
Have a nice Christmas :)
Karolína Svobodová

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St. Nicholas from Myra  (How we celebrate this feast day in Czech republic) by Nela 

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St. Nicholas from Myra  (How we celebrate this feast day in Czech republic) by Nela 

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-He was bornd in Patrara about year 280-286 and he died about year 345-352.

-He was early Christian bishop of Greece.

-He wears a red coat and white head with Christian cross. He has got big stick and long beard.

-In Czechia we celebrate it on 5th of December and he gives to chilren little presents-naughty child gets coal or potatoes and nice children some sweets.
-Children must to sing a song or say a poem to have a present.

-The Nicholas goes with the devils and angel.

-Devils can take naughty child to hell in bag
Weathers sayings:
-For st. Nicholas it’s our whole winter .
-When on st. Nicholas bird drink from rail way, horses wiil not drink from river for 3 months.

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St. Mikuláš
St. Nicholas:
- Nicholas was born during the third century in the village of Patara in Asia Minor.
- He dedicated his life to serving God and was made Bishop of Myra while still a young man.
- He became known for his generosity to those in need and his love for children.
- He died December 6, AD 343.
- The anniversary of his death become a day of celebration, St. Nicholas Day, December 6th.
- The charming tradition of St. Nicholas falls on the eve of St. Nicholas Day, December 5th, in the Czech Republic.
- You can meet many strange characters in the streets this day: St. Nicholas (Mikuláš), the Angel (Anděl) who represents the God, and the Devil (Čert) who represents the Evil. All wear costumes.
- All three characters walk the streets, stop children and ask them if they were good in the past year.
- The good children get sweets, candy or other treats from the Angel and Mikuláš.
- The bad children get a sack of potatoes or coal instead of candy.
- Children also receive St. Nicholas presents from their parents and relatives.
- The gift can be put into a stocking and hidden somewhere in the child's room.
- A legend said, that the St. Nicolas have left a gift of money on the windowsill of three poor girls to enable them to get married.
Zuzana Vrbová

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1. from the Latin word Adventus = arrival
2. period four sundays in front of Christmas Eve
3. period calmness, meditation and charity
4. preparing for Christmas time and the born of Jesus
5. advent chaplet - four candles - color is purple - on every sunday will light one candle
6. advent calendar- every day one sweet from 1 st December to 24 th December
7. house decoration
8. baking of cookies
9. morning mass in church - rotáty
10. advent concerts
11. singing Christmas songs
12. Christmas markets
13. long time - washing feathers
- flax spinning
14. this year was first advent sunday 1 st December

"When winter starts in Advent, it will last ten weeks."

Kateřina Procházková

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1. Christmas sweets: vanilla rolls, gingerbreads, coconut balls, meringues.....

2. Christmas pastry: Christmas cake, Štóla, God's grace,

3. Christmas decorates: tree, mistletoe, Advent wreath, flower Christmas star, lights

4. In Christmas decorate : windows, doors, house from outside and inside

5. Christmas habits: lead pouring, throwing shoes, search first star, singing carols

6. Christmas carols: Christmas Eve is here, lets go together to cretche.....

7. In the Czech Republice carry presents  Baby Jesus.

Bára Bundilová

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1. From 1. to 24. December.
2. Advent wreath - there are 4 candles and every Sunday in December one lights until Christmas.
3. Advent calendar - from 1. to 24. december we take sweets from our pocket every day.
4. Baking of cookies.
5. Christmas decoration flat or house.
6. Advent Sunday                    - Iron - this Sunday they foretold the birth of Jezus Christ                                         - Bronze - calls for repentace, represent love
- Silver - expresses joy coming birth of Christ
- Gold - present peace, last Sunday before Christmas and preparation for birth of Christ.

Tereza Smékalová

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Christmas is christians holidays the birth of Jesus Christ.
Jesus was born in a barn in the manger.
The symbols of Christmas in the Czech Republic are:
Little wood bethlehem
Christmas tree
Carp for dinner
Presents under the tree
Carp scales in the wallet
Christmas Eve is celebrated on December 24th.
On christmas tree we give gold, silver or red chains, candy and on the top of the tree is gold or silver star.
Around christmas tree is colored lights.

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Barbora is one of 14 Saint
She was a martyr.
Barbora was born in 273 and She died in 306.
We celebrate Saint Barbora on 4th of December.
Barboras are cherry twigs, you should cut them from cherry tree which is at least 10 years old.Then you should bring them to a women or a girl and if it grows up, she should get married next year
Tradition is not maintained today.

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An important part of the year is Christmas time and most importantly the Christmas eve.
The most important part of each cristmas eve is the Christmas dinner (and the gift opening afterwards 😄).
For the dinner everyone eats carp(s) with potato salad. The soups and other meals vary between different families.

Like everywhere else we have gifts under the christmas tree.

Some Czech traditions are:

Lots of families don’t eat before the christmas dinner. To make the kids not eat people often tell them that they will see a golden pig if they do so.

Under the table-cloth we often have carp scales shaped like money so the nex year will be rich.
Some people (like me) even put them into wallets.

Cutting an apple in half and looking if there’s a cross or a star from the seeds inside. Star means luck,  cross means bad luck and if there’s nothing then you’re bad at cutting 😄.

Putting boats made of wallnut shells with candles in them on water and seeing if they stay together or some split from the others. If they are together, the family should stay together.