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Current Market:

1.In general, Photovoltaic (PV) technologies can be viewed as divided into two main categories: wafer-based PV (also called 1st generation PVs) and thin-film cell PVs. Traditional crystalline silicon (c-Si) cells (both single crystalline silicon and multi-crystalline silicon) and gallium arsenide (GaAs) cells belong to the wafer-based PVs, with c-Si cells dominating the current PV market (about 90% market share) and GaAs exhibiting the highest efficiency.

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Thin-film cells normally absorb light more efficiently than silicon, allowing the use of extremely thin films. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) technology has been successfully commercialized, with more than 20% cell efficiency and 17.5% module efficiency record and such cells currently hold about 5% of the total market. Other commercial thin-film technologies include hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) cells, taking approximately 2% market share each today. Copper zinc tin sulphide technology has been under R&D for years and will probably require some time until actual commercialization

Q: Can you explain how perovskite photovoltaic technology differs from silicon and where you are in terms of development?

Case: A fundamental difference between silicon, as it’s used in solar cells, and perovskite is that perovskite is used in thin-film form. It only has to be a micron or less thick; about 1/200th the thickness of silicon. Compared to silicon, it is much more effective as a solar absorber and its properties can be altered by changing its composition. If you break down the industry into bulk materials like silicon or gallium arsenide and thin-film materials such as cadmium telluride, silicon has 95-plus percent of the market and thin-film the rest.

Strenghts  Conventional solar silicon technology is limited in efficiency and reach. The theoretical limit is 29% and the practical limit is approximately around 25%. Beyond that point, volume production becomes very expensive. Today, if you buy a good silicon cell at volume production, they have an efficiency of around 22%. The best silicon solar cell ever has reached 26.7% efficiency on a lab scale, so that means the silicon-based industry is reaching its limit. Perovskite has a theoretical efficiency of 33% and a perovskite on silicon tandem device has a theoretical efficiency of 43%.

We have now developed our perovskite solar cell technology to a point where it is stable, has a record efficiency, has been scaled up to commercial solar cell size and is ready to move into its commercial phase.

Background what is it:
Perovskite refers to any crystalline material with a very particular structure. The raw materials and fabrication processes are relatively cheap, while the crystalline structure is well suited for sucking the most possible light with just a thin film.
Perovskite materials such as methylammonium lead halides are cheap to produce and simple to manufacture.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.[1] It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics, such as current, voltage, or resistance, vary when exposed to light. Individual solar cell devices can be combined to form modules, otherwise known as solar panels. The common single junction silicon solar cell can produce a maximum open-circuit voltage of approximately 0.5 to 0.6 volts.[2]
Most solar modules are currently produced from crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells made of multicrystalline and monocrystalline silicon. In 2013, crystalline silicon accounted for more than 90 percent of worldwide PV production, while the rest of the overall market is made up of thin-film technologies using cadmium telluride, CIGS and amorphous silicon[19]Emerging, third generation solar technologies use advanced thin-film cells. They produce a relatively high-efficiency conversion for the low cost compared to other solar technologies. Also, high-cost, high-efficiency, and close-packed rectangular multi-junction (MJ) cells are preferably used in solar panels on spacecraft, as they offer the highest ratio of generated power per kilogram lifted into space. MJ-cells are compound semiconductors and made of gallium arsenide (GaAs) and other semiconductor materials. Another emerging PV technology using MJ-cells is concentrator photovoltaics ( CPV ).Other thin-film technologies that are still in an early stage of ongoing research or with limited commercial availability are often classified as emerging or third generation photovoltaic cells and include organic, and dye-sensitized, as well as quantum dot, copper zinc tin sulfide, nanocrystal, micromorph, and perovskite solar cells.Third-generation photovoltaic cells are solar cells that are potentially able to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit of 31–41% power efficiency for single bandgap solar cells. This includes a range of alternatives to cells made of semiconducting p-n junctions ("first generation") and thin film cells ("second generation"). A thin-film solar cell is a second generation solar cell that is made by depositing one or more thin layers, or thin film (TF) of photovoltaicmaterial on a substrate, such as glass, plastic or metal. Thin-film solar cells are commercially used in several technologies, including cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), and amorphous thin-film silicon (a-Si, TF-Si).

A perovskite solar cell (PSC[1]) is a type of solar cell which includes a perovskite structured compound, most commonly a hybrid organic-inorganic lead or tin halide-based material, as the light-harvesting active layer.[2][3] Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead halides and all-inorganic cesium lead halide, are cheap to produce and simple to manufacture.Solar cell efficiencies of devices using these materials have increased from 3.8% in 2009[4] to 25.2% in 2019 in single-junction architectures,[5] and, in silicon-based tandem cells, to 28.0%,[5]exceeding the maximum efficiency achieved in single-junction silicon solar cells. Perovskite solar cells are therefore currently the fastest-advancing solar technology.[2] With the potential of achieving even higher efficiencies and very low production costs, perovskite solar cells have become commercially attractive.

For the intro: We decided that the best way of getting into the market and delivering something very beneficial to the industry and to the world is by combining perovskite solar cell technology with silicon solar cell technology.Solar cells work by absorbing sunlight and converting it into electricity. The part of the solar spectrum that can be used by silicon (the red part) is fixed. But on top of the silicon solar cell, you can add a perovskite solar cell. The thin-film perovskite solar cell our company has designed has a different bandgap from silicon and uses light from the blue part of the spectrum. The resulting perovskite on silicon tandem solar cell can achieve an efficiency not possible with silicon alone.the resulting perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells show highly improved efficiency. Significantly improving the performance of silicon solar cells on the same footprint, enables cost reductions that transform the economics of silicon solar energy generation.

A Suggested Marketing Strategy

Marketing efforts will be done with the contribution of two separate departments within company:

1. Marketing: Marketing Responsible and externalized consulting company

2. Sales: Sales Responsible

Marketing will have following responsibilities:

  Research and studies on global market: demand, competition, technologies, policies

  Analyze the international environment regarding solar photovoltaic products and technologies

  Identify market segments and choosing the most profitable segments for the company

  Assist in building business strategies and policies

  Know the needs of existing and future clients and collaborating with clients for suggesting the best concepts for using products and technologies

  Promote the usage of the products as a technology to be used in residential and industrial building sectors. Develop relationships with architects and building companies.

  Build and use relevant marketing mixes for different market segments

  Build and maintain the company‘s image and reputation.

  Develop manufacturer identity and brand.

  Establish the presence of the company on the Internet. Conceive E-marketing strategy, programs and campaigns, identify and use the e-marketing tools.

  Build and maintain the network with suppliers, clients, regulating authorities, professionals, ecologist organizations

  Organize the presence of the company to international seminars and conferences regarding PV products, technologies, green energy and social responsibility.

  Establish the network of sales offices and representatives in target countries.

  Develop social responsibility programs

  Supervise and assist the sales force. Build direct marketing campaigns.

  Coordinate with other departments of the company

Sales will have following responsibilities:

  Identify potential clients

  Establish the offer, communicate and negotiate the terms of the transactions

  Negotiate and sign the contracts

  Report sales, sales trends, market situation

  Manage the sales force: recruit select and train the sales representatives

  Manage the overseas sales representatives

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Micro Analysis:
Micro factors are those that influence company’s strategy, decision making and performance.

a) Stakeholder Analysis and (CSR)

Directors, secretaries and any other employees would be stakeholders, as would suppliers and even customers.

Oxford Photovoltaics corporate social responsibility (CSR) concentrates on the nature of the products it produces as well as the business itself. It's stakeholders correspond to its communities, employees, suppliers, customers and the government.

Communities are an important stakeholder because they shape the brand image of Oxford Photovoltaics.

Customers are the source of the revenues and are interested in good prices and quality of the products, which make Oxford Photovoltaics prioritize them. In such a way, the firm needs to find the way to minimize all its possible costs.

Employees are the key factor in success of the business. When Oxford Photovoltaics implements its strategy, it puts importance on satisfying needs of an employee, because they influence the productivity and efficiency of the company. Even Tesla’s organizational structure motivates and boost the morale of its employees.

Government is in the list of stakeholders as it puts particular limits and requirements in addition to opportunities (Greenspan, 2018).

Porters five forces:

The threat of new entry:

MODERATElY HIGH

Plenty of raw materials: No shortage on any used device materials exists.

Perovskite solar cells are cheap, highly efficient, thin, lightweight, and flexible – a potentially winning combination

Low raw material cost.

Positive environmental impact: photovoltaic produces no air pollution or hazardous waste.

Sunlight, is free and abundant.

Relatively new findings subject to every vendor.

The commercialisation of the Perovskite Solar Cells market is still not up and running.

Perovskite solar cells are still touted as the PV technology of the future, and much development work and research are put into making this a reality.

Bargaining power of buyers:

HIGH

In the market of perovskite solar panels: Several perovskite solar panels developers. Hence, Switching costs are low- substitutes are available.

Purchases volume is low.

In the market of all energy: TODAY The device materials used are all environmentally friendly. Bargaining power big due to its low supply and great characteristics.

Bargaining power of suppliers:

LOW

Many Pervoskite material providers.

High reliability on suppliers.

The threat of substitutes:

MODERATE

Switching costs are low.

In the market of perovskite solar panels: HIGH.

if not no close substitutes that yield the same benefits to the consumer and to the world.

The intensity of rivalry in the industry:

LOW

Low competition.

Oxford PV appears to be the front-runner to reach commercial scale in the next year or two.

Lower levels of innovation and promotion of products within competitors.

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https://www.nanalyze.com/2019/04/most-efficient-solar-cell/

This provides the existing competitive scenario of some of the key players of the global perovskite solar cells market which includes company profiling:

Polysolar:

$5M

Polysolar is a developer, manufacturer and distributor of electricity generating transparent photovoltaic panels for electrical services companies

Lightsource Renewable Energy:

Lightsource is engaged in the development, acquisition and long-term management of large-scale solar projects and smart energy solutions.

Saule Technologies:
Founded in 2014, Polish startup Saule Technologies has raised an undisclosed amount of funding based on research by one of its co-founders who created a novel, low-temperature processing method for perovskite solar cells. Specifically, the perovskite panels are produced using an inkjet printer: The technique allows the company to produce flexible, customized solar panels. Skanska – the fifth largest construction company in the world – has exclusive rights to use Saule Technologies’ solar cell solutions in construction and development projects, and recently implemented it in one of their Warsaw office projects.

The crystalline perovskite structure is well suited for capturing light. Credit: Swift Solar

Founded in 2017, Swift Solar out of Golden, Colorado took in $4.6 million last December, according to a SEC filing. While there’s not much information about the company or its current activities, Swift Solar co-founder Sam Stranks said in a TED presentation back in 2016 that it’s possible to create perovskite cells that are colorful, semi-transparent or opaque, which means the solar panels can become an integral part of a building’s design. Some of the perovskite-based solar cells developed during the founders’ academia days are so lightweight that they can be suspended on a soap bubble.

Fraunhofer ISE,

Xiamen Weihua Solar Co., Ltd ,

Dyesol,

FrontMaterials,

Solaronix SA & Dyenamo.

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Visions statement: Path to market -> Objective: Expand

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Visions statement: Path to market -> Objective: Expand

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Oxford PV has been working on the commercialization of perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. Their cell’s efficiency has achieved the certified world-record of 28%. Recently, they started mutual cooperation with a German solar equipment supplier, Meyer Burger, to push this promising technology closer to market. (https://statnano.com/news/66224/Record-Breaking-Perovskite-Solar-Cells-on-the-Path-to-Market)

More recently, they started significant cooperation with Meyer Burger Technology Ltd. Oxford PV will use Meyer Burger’s leading Heterojunction (HJT) to deposit their perovskite layer on the top of silicon, along with its SmartWire Connection Technology (SWCT), to make efficient modules.  According to the agreement, Oxford PV will purchase a 200-megawatt Meyer Burger heterojunction manufacturing line which will be set up by the end of 2020 at an Oxford PV facility in Brandenburg an der Havel, in Germany. Meanwhile, Meyer Burger will work on providing facilities to industrialize the scale up production of the respective perovskite layer which is expected to speed up the commercialization of this technology.

The perovskite technology is expected to boost the performance of silicon-based photovoltaics and play a significant role in producing clean energy.

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Company analysis (Internal).

The strategic analysis can be done by conducting a SWOT Analysis, in order to assess internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats.

SWOT Analysis:
Strenghts:

A successful PV installation provides power for over 20 years with no fuel costs and less maintenance. When compared to diesel generation in particular,

Advanced perovskite photovoltaic solution
World record efficiency perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells.

Passed industry IEC reliability tests
Our tandem prototype cells have passed tests under high humidity and temperature, consistent with the testing PV manufacturers use to certify products.

Positive environmental impact
Verified in first results, from CHEOPS independent study on Oxford PV’s full size 156 mm x 156 mm tandem solar cells. Read more

Strong global IP position
Exclusive access to the fundamental IP from Professor Snaith’s Oxford University lab, combined with our own extensive patent portfolio.

Ease of integration
Designed to be built into standard PV solar modules, to generate more power, critical for delivering more affordable clean energy

PV is a cost-competitive option, especially in the current scenario where electricity and diesel prices are often high.

  Costs, weight and flexibility.

  Future Potential: this technology shows major development potential for the future. Higher

  Less silicon: large area thin-film silicon solar modules require only a fraction of the expensive silicon absorber material. In fact, it requires silene gas which is a waste of silicon factories

  High productivity: The solar cells are deposited directly on large area glass substrates resulting in very high productivity

  Plenty of raw materials: No shortage on any used device materials exists

  Environmentally friendly: The device materials used are all environmentally friendly

these have huge prospects in the solar power industry owing to their ability to absorb light across a wide range of visible light spectrum, excellent power conversion efficiencies surpassing 20% in the lab, and relative ease of fabrication

Deriving energy from the sun offers numerous environmental benefits. It is an extremely clean energy source, and few other power-generating technologies have as little environmental impact as photovoltaics.

photovoltaic produces no air pollution or hazardous waste.

Sunlight, is free and abundant.

Guaranteed access to electricity.

Perovskite photovoltaics offers the opportunity to increase the performance of silicon solar, which will enable the dramatic cost reductions that are critical for accelerating the adoption rate of solar. appendix look for the Q

Since we are combining these two technologies together and we intend to sell into the same market, we have to deliver the same performance and warranty expectations as the silicon cell – 25 years at a minimum.

their flexibility in terms of available shapes and module dimensions as well as put a special emphasis on the aesthetics of the production

Opportunities: more on http://pvthin.org/author/mitweltler

Established in 2010, Oxford PV is a U.K. based company which operates in the solar panels industry. It is recognised as the pioneer and technology leader in the field of perovskite solar cells.  due to the fact that it is a leader, it can benefit from many things.

The global ambition for net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, the world is in need for all the innovation it can get from renewable energy technologies.

Thin-Film PV has an important role to play here, given the track record off efficiency improvements and low cost manufacturing demonstrated over the last two decades. Moving forward, the combination of traditional crystalline silicon with advanced thin-film technologies, in tandem, incorporating bi-facial structures offers a unique opportunity for another quantum leap in terms of efficiency improvement and cost reduction in PV

We expect to have our 250-megawatt line up and running by the end of 2020. Our intention is to only make the cell. Panels are a different thing. The business model that is evolving in the industry at the moment is that you have large cell manufacturers mostly in Asia with several gigawatts of cell capacity, and then you have a local module maker that takes those cells and makes the modules locally. Then you have a mix where the people that make the cells also make the modules.

The next stage of development for the solar industry is all about how we accelerate a market introduction. Our view is that we’ve developed the technology to a level where it can move to production. We’ve set out a pilot line — a low-volume production line — in our manufacturing site in Germany and there we generate pilot volumes

Threats:

Important competitors in the Perovskite Solar Cells market: the competitive status have already turned white-hot for the conventional photovoltaic industry, with the price declining

Manufacturer base of Perovskite Solar Cells market, essentially including Oxford Photovoltaics, Saule Technologies, Dyesol, Fraunhofer ISE, FrontMaterials and Weihua Solar, in consort with the sales area and distribution parameters.

The information subject to every vendor - such as the company profile, a brief overview, and the products manufactured have been elucidated.

However, the lead-based perovskite absorber has potential environmental impacts, which is expected to create barriers to commercialization. As a result, studies are being conducted to assess existing and future materials to reduce, lessen, and potentially eliminate toxicity and environmental concerns

The photovoltaic community is well aware of the toxicity issues associated with Pb and the anxiety that poses for the public, factors that argue against acceptance of this technology. Even exposure to very low levels of lead, whether inhaled or ingested, has been associated with significant health problems affecting almost every organ and system in the body (lead poisoning or plumbism)

Weakness:

The driving parameters impacting the commercialization scale of the Perovskite Solar Cells market and their consequences on the revenue scope of this business sphere.

The resulting perovskite on silicon tandem solar cell can achieve an efficiency not possible with silicon alone. Need constant availability of both products.

There’s an overlap between the two cells and that overlap means you don’t get the combined efficiency of both. What you see is that you get 100% of the efficiency of the top cell and you get half of the efficiency of the bottom cell. This leads into efficiency areas that are completely impossible for silicon solar cells alone.

high capital costs and poor installation and maintenance practices have been the limiting factors in the overall deployment of photovoltaics.

Reliability of the product: High efficiency is great, as it plays a major role in reducing the levelized cost of energy, but equally important is stability. The instability of PSCs is mainly related to environmental influence  (moisture and oxygen).

Considering the information provided in the SWOT analysis. PV are in a good position.  To attract the attention of the segment, PV should communicate
Their flexibility
Their ability to produce c
It is also crucial to mention

http://talpykla.elaba.lt/elaba-fedora/objects/elaba:19718072/datastreams/MAIN/content?gathStatIcon=true

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468606917301363

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Current market: $183 Billion photovoltaic industry.                                

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Current market: $183 Billion photovoltaic industry.                                

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Photovoltaic (PV) systems are used to convert sunlight into electricity. They are safe, reliable, incur less operating costs, and are easy to install. The growing concerns about climate change and alternative sources of energy have led to the significant growth of the photovoltaic market. Incentives and funding provided by the government towards the adoption of solar energy to generate electricity have further added to this growth.

Photovoltaic Market
There are basically two technologies for producing solar panels:

1. Solar panels with Poly Crystalline silicon based technology. This technology has several characteristics:a) Is mainly based on silicon as raw material. The global silicon market is quite restricted and closed. The price of silicon increases constantly. As silicon is a major raw material for c-Si technologies, silicon capacities predefine the upper production limit for the industry.Production of panels it’s not environmentally friendly. There are a lot of chemical substances needed for producing Poly Crystalline silicon panels which makes the production to be contaminating. High prices of the panels. Prices express the high costs of raw materials and the cost of the production. Estimated production cost increases to 3,5 Euro per W.
2. Thin Film Technology. Third-generation photovoltaic cells are solar cells that are potentially able to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit of 31–41% power efficiency for single bandgap solar cells. This includes a range of alternatives to cells made of semiconducting p-n junctions ("first generation") and thin film cells ("second generation"). A thin-film solar cell is a second generation solar cell that is made by depositing one or more thin layers, or thin film (TF) of photovoltaicmaterial on a substrate, such as glass, plastic or metal. Thin-film solar cells are commercially used in several technologies, including cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), and amorphous thin-film silicon (a-Si, TF-Si).

Although all technologies face high expansion rates, Thin Film capacities are currently expanding at a faster rate than capacities for other technologies.

The global photovoltaic market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 18.30% between 2014 and 2020 and the overall photovoltaic market is estimated to be worth $89.52 billion in 2013 to $183 billion in 2018 to an expected increase to more than $300 billion by 2020.

In terms of application, the utility application accounted for the largest photovoltaic market size in 2013 at 57%.

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What are the drivers & challenges of the Perovskite Solar Cells market?

The driving parameters impacting the commercialization scale of the Perovskite Solar Cells market and their consequences on the revenue scope of this business sphere.

Important competitors in the Perovskite Solar Cells market: the competitive status have already turned white-hot for the conventional photovoltaic industry, with the price declining

Manufacturer base of Perovskite Solar Cells market, essentially including Oxford Photovoltaics, Saule Technologies, Dyesol, Fraunhofer ISE, FrontMaterials and Weihua Solar, in consort with the sales area and distribution parameters.

The information subject to every vendor - such as the company profile, a brief overview, and the products manufactured have been elucidated.

The report focuses on the price patterns, product sales, revenue procured, as well as the gross margins.

The resulting perovskite on silicon tandem solar cell can achieve an efficiency not possible with silicon alone. Need constant availability of both products.

There’s an overlap between the two cells and that overlap means you don’t get the combined efficiency of both. What you see is that you get 100% of the efficiency of the top cell and you get half of the efficiency of the bottom cell. This leads into efficiency areas that are completely impossible for silicon solar cells alone.

Reliability of the product: High efficiency is great, as it plays a major role in reducing the levelized cost of energy, but equally important is stability. The instability of PSCs is mainly related to environmental influence  (moisture and oxygen).

However, the lead-based perovskite absorber has potential environmental impacts, which is expected to create barriers to commercialization. As a result, studies are being conducted to assess existing and future materials to reduce, lessen, and potentially eliminate toxicity and environmental concerns

The photovoltaic community is well aware of the toxicity issues associated with Pb and the anxiety that poses for the public, factors that argue against acceptance of this technology.Even exposure to very low levels of lead, whether inhaled or ingested, has been associated with significant health problems affecting almost every organ and system in the body (lead poisoning or plumbism)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468606917301363

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(More in depth explanation of this in appendix)

Established in 2010, Oxford PV is a U.K. based company which operates in the solar panels industry. It is recognised as the pioneer and technology leader in the field of perovskite solar cells.

Oxford PV was created by two engineers: Henry Snaith and Kevin Arthur.

Oxford PV is a spin-out from the University of Oxford and are a private company. Oxford PV has $10M in estimated revenue annually.

As of 2019 the company has managed to raise a total of $152.2M in funding over 11 rounds  in investment with support from Oxford University Innovation, Goldwind Equinor, Meyer Burger Technology, the University of Oxford, Innovate UK the European Investment Bank (EIB), Legal & General and  the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)

Oxford PV have a research and development site in Oxford, UK and an industrial pilot line near Berlin, Germany enabling the accelerated transfer of our technology into industrial scale silicon solar cell production.  In 2019, we announced plan to move into full commercial manufacturing.

Since the anti-dumping duties occurred, the competitive status have already turned white-hot for the conventional photovoltaic industry, with the price declining, the gross profit of the whole industry is narrowing, and be unsteady to some extent. In other word, the perovskite solar cell module may have the opportunity to reintegrate photovoltaic industry and contribute to the industry without overcapacity.

The next stage of development for the solar industry is all about how we accelerate a market introduction. Our view is that we’ve developed the technology to a level where it can move to production. We’ve set out a pilot line — a low-volume production line — in our manufacturing site in Germany and there we generate pilot volumes. We already have pilot capability and with the new funds available to us we are now going to set up a full completely integrated manufacturing line. Starting from the raw silicon wafer to making the heterojunction silicon bottom cells, to adding the perovskite top cell, and then having an output from that line of 250 megawatts of nominal capacity.

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Oxford Photovoltaics Ltd. is  a U.K. based company which operates in the solar panels industry. It develops solar cells that use a crystalline material called a perovskite to achieve higher conversion efficiency.

Climate change had made a clean energy, all electric future a global imperative. Our perovskite-silicon solar cell solution delivers high efficiency at a low cost - essential for solar to replace fossil fuels, meet growing energy demand and ultimately power the all-electric world.

Today the mainstream solar technology - silicon, is reaching its practical and economic photovoltaic efficiency limit. Our perovskite solar cell technology will allow silicon solar cell and module manufacturers to break through the performance barrier. Significantly improving the performance of silicon photovoltaics, will allow cost reductions, that transform the economics and accelerate the growth of solar energy generation globally.

Perovskite solar cells module has obtained great attention from the research center and the conversion efficiency has increased for times science its first reported in 2009. However, there is no company that produce perovskite solar cell module in industrial scale. The commercial production may be possible around 2018.

After evaluating the current market situation of the company and analyzing both external and internal environment of the firm, the marketing plan identified that the Perovskite Solar Cells market is projected to  register a highly commendable growth rate over the forecast timeframe.

With the implementation of the marketing mix, strategies and tactics, Oxford PV will achieve its capitalization.....