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"The individual investor should act consistently as an investor and not as a speculator." -

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"The individual investor should act consistently as an investor and not as a speculator." -

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Ben Graham
You are an investor, not someone who can predict the future. Base your decisions on real facts and analysis rather than risky, speculative forecasts

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Every once in a while, the market does something so stupid it takes your breath away." 

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Every once in a while, the market does something so stupid it takes your breath away." 

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Jim Cramer
There are no sure bets in the world of investing; there is risk in everything. Be prepared for the ups and downs. (To read more on how Cramer makes his pick, see Cramer's 'Mad Money' Recap: Tools of the Trade.)

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"The stock market is filled with individuals who know the price of everything, but the value of nothing." 

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"The stock market is filled with individuals who know the price of everything, but the value of nothing." 

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Phillip Fisher
Another testament to the fact that investing without an education and research will ultimately lead to regrettable investment decisions. Research is much more than just listening to popular opinion

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"An investment in knowledge pays the best interest."

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"An investment in knowledge pays the best interest."

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Benjamin Franklin
When it comes to investing, nothing will pay off more than educating yourself. Do the necessary research, study and analysis before making any investment decisions.

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The Bottom Line
The world of investing can be cold and hard. But if you do thorough research and keep your head on straight, your chances of long-term success are good. Refer back to these quotes when you're feeling shaky or are confused about investing. How are they relevant to your experience? Do you have any favorite quotes to add?

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"Know what you own, and know why you own it."

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"Know what you own, and know why you own it."

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Peter Lynch
Do your homework before making a decision. And once you've made a decision, make sure to re-evaluate your portfolio on a timely basis. A wise holding today may not be a wise holding in the future.

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When anything happens on the international stage, good or bad, it usually affects the American markets. Changes in leadership, whether through elections, violent take-overs or monarchial deaths, can all negatively or positively affect the markets. Exchange rates, trade agreements and shifting international relations can boost the economy and promote spending or, inversely, can cause market panic.

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Nothing gets the attention of the U.S. media quicker than a good-old-fashioned scandal. Insider trading, fraud, cooking the books and other high-end, white collar scams have all collapsed popular companies and negatively impacted the markets in the recent past. Household names, such as Enron and Bernard Madoff, caused plummeting stock prices and created a domino effect with associated businesses and firms. Cheating investors is illegal and leads to jail time, worthless stock prices and large-scale corporate layoffs, which can affect the market and hurt even those who were not involved in the scandal

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Naturally, fear can change investment habits. After 9/11, people cashed out their investments and values plummeted. Panicked selling stopped after a few days, but it took about two years for the market to fully recover from the terrorist attacks and the War in Iraq. However, war turned out to be the solution in the case of the 1930s and the Great Depression. An increase in military spending increased demand. A terrorist attack (Pearl Harbor), then spurred the nation into financial recovery during World War II.

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In today's world, press coverage seems to be one of the main factors involved in why a stock market will plummet or rocket. In August 2011, the stock market saw huge upward spikes and downward drops when the United States' credit rating was lowered a couple of points. Likewise, a large-cap industry giant saw its stock price plummet when one of its founders stepped down from his post because of medical reasons. You could certainly argue that in both these cases, neither event would have made much difference without the overabundant media coverage.
9/11

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Although they are unpleasant and horrific, natural disasters can actually be good for the economy and the market. Following hurricane Katrina, the markets actually improved and continued to improve in the following months. Hurricane Sandy literally damaged the markets (by physically forcing Wall Street to close) but also initiated growth. The rebuilding efforts after floods, earthquakes, hurricanes and so on actually boost the economy.

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We mentioned inflation as an input into the valuation multiple, but inflation is a huge driver from a technical perspective as well. Historically, low inflation has had a strong inverse correlation with valuations (low inflation drives high multiples and high inflation drives low multiples). Deflation, on the other hand, is generally bad for stocks because it signifies a loss in pricing power for companies