# data[].attributes.body
Explain how traffic congestion affects people.
- reduce productivity
~ people spend more time commuting than doing work
- noise pollution
~ harmful and disruptive noise disrupts human and animal life
~ it can disrupt sleep, cause cardiovascular and psychophysiological effects
- air pollution
~ harmful air pollutants and greenhouse gases are produced from modes of transport which contributes to poor air quality such as smog
~ it can cause difficulty breathing, asthma and lung diseases
- it also adds stress

# data[].attributes.body
Explain how inadequate transport infrastructure leads to traffic snarl

- Roads do not have enough lanes
- Not enough alternative routes to travel

# data[].attributes.headline
Group 2 (Akshaya, Fatimah, Joyce, Jie Min, Deborah)

# data[].attributes.subject
Group 2 (Akshaya, Fatimah, Joyce, Jie Min, Deborah)

# data[].attributes.body
Explain how inadequate transport infrastructure leads to traffic snarl.

When there is inadequate transport infrastructure, the city's transportation facilities are not capable of handling the amount of traffic it receives. Roads may not have enough lanes, the network may not be well-connected. This leads to traffic snarl where some roads may be congested due to lack of alternative routes, especially during the peak hours of the day or necause of an accident occuring.
Although Singapore has a variety of transport modes, a very dense transport network and public transport designed to carry large capacities of people, the efficiency and dependability of public transport causes a traffic snarl. Sometimes, buses and trains are very late and thus, people resort to use personal vehicles on the road and causes traffic congestions. If public transport were more frequent and dependabe, people would want to take public transport thus improving the traffic congestion.

# data[].attributes.body
Explain how poor provision of transport services causes traffic congestion.
-buses do not come on time
-bus timings are inconsistent
-Since buses do not come frequently, people prefer to take private transport which results to more vehicles on the roads, causing traffic congestion to happen.

# data[].attributes.body
Explain how traffic congestion impacts on the environment.

Air pollution:
- When vehicles remain stationary in a traffic jam, it will cause exhaust fumes from idling vehicles to build up, affecting air quality.
- The exhaust fumes emit greenhouse gases and it will cause earth's temperature to rise (global warming) because they trap heat.
- Exhaust fumes also contribute to poor air quality causing smogs and it will cause air pollution.
- Smog also slows down plant growth, thus harming the environment. Tiny pollutant particles may also be deposited on soil and water surfaces and might poison the animals living there.

Noise pollution:
- Noise pollution occurs when there is harmful and excessive noise that disrupts human and animal life
- Road traffic is part of noise pollution due to loud honking

# data[].attributes.body
Explain how traffic congestion impacts on people
- Elongates commuting time, hence wastes time on productivity.
- Cause more accidents, people will get injured.
- Gas released by cars gets inhaled by people

long-term results of diseases such as lung cancer

- Sound pollution

irritable

insomnia

decrease in productivity and concentration

work and school gets disrupted

- Complaining

Results in reporting to the LTA

Bad impression of LTA

# data[].attributes.headline
Group 3 -Harshini, Hidayah, Yi Xing, Varsha and Yue Ning

# data[].attributes.subject
Group 3 -Harshini, Hidayah, Yi Xing, Varsha and Yue Ning

# data[].attributes.body
Explain how poor provision of transport services causes traffic congestion.
The transport services in Singapore are Public buses, Mrt, bike sharing scheme.

When there is a lack of transport services, due to poor distribution of public transport services,  such as public buses and MRT trains and taxis, the need for people to use private transport such as cars and motorcycles to commute. This takes up more space on the road, contributing to traffic congestion.

Poor provision of public transport services means that a city only has a small fleet of public buses and trains thus cannot cope with the high passenger demand and do not arrive frequently and on time. Thus, people tend to avoid taking public transport and instead rely on private transport. This will increase the number of vehicles on the road, contributing to traffic congestion.

When public transport is not satisfying the public, people tend to turn towards private transport and this will intend cause more cars on road.

Moreover if there is isnt an equal distribution of public transport like MRT, trains will be more congested , especially during the peak periods, as more people will be travelling compared to the other hours. Thus, the government has to make sure they plan ahead and allow for a greater capacity during peak periods.

# data[].attributes.body
//Explain how traffic congestion impacts on the environment//
-Traffic congestion increase pollution level. Cars increase greenhouse gases and causes the earth's temperature to rise, leading to global warming. All the gases from the wasted fuel can increase carbon dioxide level. Other gases emitted  include nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide. Smog is also produced; it is a combination of smoke and fog, caused by exhaust and particles from cars and factories.
The smog can also slow down plant growth, and pollutants can poison plants as well.
-Noise pollution occurs  when there is harmful and excessive noise that may disrupt animal life.
-

# data[].attributes.body
1. What are the causes of traffic congestion on the road?
2. What are the adverse effects of traffic congestion on people and the environment?