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J. Carney

I agree with you on how interesting it is that individuals can learn about challenges before a child is born.  It is concerning as some may choose not to move forward with the baby.  I suppose, as is with life, everyone does what feels right.  My husband and I made the decision that regardless of results we would always move forward but for others that may not feel like the best call.  We have a cousin who was specifically told to abort her baby as her child was deemed “incompatible with life” in utero.  He was born and is now almost 6 years old.  He certainly has his challenges but he is one of the happiest boys I know!  If you’re interested in looking it up, his dad made a video on youtube.  This is the most recent update from a few years ago: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gb0L5V-aRVU

S. Alfonsi

I found that to be a very interesting point specific to babies not having tears.  This is something I knew, but forgot about.  To be honest, as a parent, it is the worst when they develop tears! You go from knowing they need something to wanting to feel awful that now they are truly “crying!”.

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While learning about the infant development I found it interesting that babies do not have knee caps, it was just something that was completely new to me. It amazed me that it takes at least six month until we develop them.I also found it interesting that just babies are able to breath and swallow at the same time. Another fact that was new to me was that babies are born with three hundred bones (which eventually fuse together). However personally I thought it was incredible that it happens in just a short time frame.

I found the emotional and personality development fascinating in infants. The Chess and Thomas’ classifications, Kagan’s Behavioral Inhibition and Rothbart & Bates’ Classification were all very interesting and introduced a lot of information that was new to me.

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J. El-Sayed- It's interesting to see the things that we just naturally assume and picture on our own and then learn different. What gets me when I first thought about it is how do they not choke? Also, how they can suck their thumb in utero as well. Something we see as undeveloped is more developed than we think. Also, that is such a great idea that you want to make sure your future child knows your voice to be calm and happy for your baby. Have you ever thought about reading books when this time comes? It's such a great idea for during pregnancy and especially after. Once again, the unborn baby is so complex and is learning before it even enters this world. Life is so neat!

M. Walker- Exactly! I think we are also so sleep deprived that we don't realize how much change is going on until it's their first birthday! But it truly is amazing the changes that they go through during that first year. Think about how fast a child is made from just a group of cells to a full human. Could you imagine if we were to go through change at that rapid of a pace??

Have you ever seen the breast crawl? It's really neat to see and I actually did it with my son. It was the newborn being placed on their mother's stomach and then making their way to the breast to eat. I love how we are made, it's just amazing! Also, I have a friend who had read to their son every night while he was in utero. After he was born, he would relax at the sound of both parents' voices.

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C. Perez Rivera- I also think its very interesting how babies have that connection with their mother while growing inside of her. Men don't get to have the same type of connection with their children like mothers do.

M. Walker- I also think its super interesting how much infants grow within the first year. They go from not being able to do anything for themselves to walking, starting to make noises and talk, and continue to grow.

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M. Fugate1. The most amazing thing about prenatal development is how fast it happens.  I mean we can really create an entire human being in less than a year.  After having my daughter and watching how quickly she learns and develops it is honestly mind blowing.  By the time the baby is born they have more than 20 billion neurons which process information.

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M. Fugate1. The most amazing thing about prenatal development is how fast it happens.  I mean we can really create an entire human being in less than a year.  After having my daughter and watching how quickly she learns and develops it is honestly mind blowing.  By the time the baby is born they have more than 20 billion neurons which process information.

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2. The second aspect that I love to learn about and will take away from this section is the memory and cognitive development that happens in infancy. Babies have implicit memories that provide automatic skills and routine needed to survive.  We can apply this knowledge to children by providing predictable routines for them to best learn and develop.

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1. I spent what feels like a lot of time studying human anatomy and physiology but I didn't learn until this course that babies are born with 300 bones! I knew that when we are born, our bones are soft and pliable so we are not constantly broken and are not always hurt. But, I somehow never knew that we are born with an extra 94 bones.
2. I find it interesting that language begins to develop in the womb. For some reason, I think of the womb as a silent box that babies grow in so it is very interesting to me that babies begin to learn language in the womb. They being to learn speech and patterns by listening to the sounds their mother hears and the sound of her voice.

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E.Marion

I find prenatal development to be fascinating. Reading it in detail while living it actively is a really neat experience. Soecifically, the development of each of
the components is such a thorough experience which has so many critical components. I also love learning about infancy. The rate at which children grow and learn so much is incredible! I really found the components related to joint attention to be so fascinating. This is such a critical skill that not only relates to social development but also potentially long term memory! I am excited to watch my second child grow  and develop with my new knowledge so fresh in my mind!

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M. Walker -  Things I found interesting, I have a 20-year-old, so I have been through this but I think I was so scared and nervous I was going to do something wrong that I didn’t appreciated the process. It makes me tired now just thinking about itOne thing that amazed me was the amount of information that is taken in and progress that takes place in just one year..  The amount of growth from starting with gross motor skills.  They are helpless and in a very short time teach themselves to lay, pick up their heads, reach and touch, roll over, sit, stand and walk.I didn’t realize they recognize their mothers voice & smell at birth.  It makes sense I also found the information on the facts about SIDS and pacifiers interesting. "SIDS is more likely to occur in infants who do not use a pacifier when they go to sleep than in those who do use a pacifier" I never gave my daughter a pacifier at bedtime (wasn't necessary) , only for her nap time.  She would typically fall asleep while I read a book at night.  I will pass this information along to young families

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M. Walker -  Things I found interesting, I have a 20-year-old, so I have been through this but I think I was so scared and nervous I was going to do something wrong that I didn’t appreciated the process. It makes me tired now just thinking about itOne thing that amazed me was the amount of information that is taken in and progress that takes place in just one year..  The amount of growth from starting with gross motor skills.  They are helpless and in a very short time teach themselves to lay, pick up their heads, reach and touch, roll over, sit, stand and walk.I didn’t realize they recognize their mothers voice & smell at birth.  It makes sense I also found the information on the facts about SIDS and pacifiers interesting. "SIDS is more likely to occur in infants who do not use a pacifier when they go to sleep than in those who do use a pacifier" I never gave my daughter a pacifier at bedtime (wasn't necessary) , only for her nap time.  She would typically fall asleep while I read a book at night.  I will pass this information along to young families

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K. Gauthier - Your post about exercise during prenatal care sparked my curiosity. I agree that I haven't seen concrete information about it either. So, I went searching on Google Scholar for a journal about it. I found several, and one confirmed my suspicions - exercise is beneficial to both the mother and fetus. Specifically, it helps with healthy growth, decreases disease and shows that it may even improve cognition and intelligence (Moyer, Reoyo, May, 2016).

E. Andreasen - I was also fascinated by the video of the babies and the toys. It was my 3rd takeaway. It was so interesting to see them make the choices they did. It was also really interesting to see the results of the studies and how the majority of babies reacted the same way. Even though their brain is not really developed, their ability to form logical conclusions is strong.

References

Moyer, C., Reoyo, O. R., & May, L. (2016). The Influence of Prenatal Exercise on Offspring Health: A Review. Clinical Medicine Insights: Women’s Health, 9. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5075987/

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I am a mother to four, so most of this I already have read or experienced, or at least I thought so when I started reading. I did find a few things to be interesting and stand out to me. It just proves even more that you always can learn something new.
1) I didn't think about the "ecological view" and "affordances" before. The book described the difference between children who were already walking versus children who were starting to crawl or walk. They approached a steep slope differently and took into account the chances of falling. I could always tell when my kids were being more cautious and when they were taking risks, but I associated it with their personalities and not a developmental trait.
2) I would be looking for my children's milestones and such, but I did not consider their memory.  It was interesting to learn about the development of the brain and how that relates to the different types of memory that forms. I also enjoyed using the chart in the book for the amount of time that memory occurs.

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Learning and development in infant locomotion. (n.d.). Retrieved July 20, 2018, from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Learning-and-development-in-infant-locomotion.-Berger-Adolph/a7e009f6ac57fe9b00d85e1e3b14f333c98440a0

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Jenna TosiFirst takeaway: It was extremely interesting to read this week’s chapter because I have a niece who will be 3 months old in 3 days. I mean I have 7 other nieces and nephews. Anyways, my 3-month-old is a preemie. She was born a month and a half early. The pregnancy was extremely difficult. But what was interesting was when she was born she needed NICU care but progressed rapidly and was sent home only weeks later. She is such a tiny peanut but is excelling for her age. She is learning everything and is excelling as a 3-month-old. She is already holding her head up and smiling much more 😊 Another thing I found interesting was the video of the baby cues. I know student already mentioned this, but I must totally agree with them. Since I am not a parent, I would not know the different cues a baby makes for different needs. I find that so interesting. But it all makes sense now. My new niece will give us the sassy hands up like a diva when she feels stressed or if you do something she doesn’t not like. If I go to kiss her on the forehead, she will do it to me. What a personality she has. I have another niece or nephew due next January and I want to look for different cues and know what they mean. I feel like with 9 nieces and nephews I will be a master at this raising children when it comes my time to have babies. 

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Jenna TosiFirst takeaway: It was extremely interesting to read this week’s chapter because I have a niece who will be 3 months old in 3 days. I mean I have 7 other nieces and nephews. Anyways, my 3-month-old is a preemie. She was born a month and a half early. The pregnancy was extremely difficult. But what was interesting was when she was born she needed NICU care but progressed rapidly and was sent home only weeks later. She is such a tiny peanut but is excelling for her age. She is learning everything and is excelling as a 3-month-old. She is already holding her head up and smiling much more 😊 Another thing I found interesting was the video of the baby cues. I know student already mentioned this, but I must totally agree with them. Since I am not a parent, I would not know the different cues a baby makes for different needs. I find that so interesting. But it all makes sense now. My new niece will give us the sassy hands up like a diva when she feels stressed or if you do something she doesn’t not like. If I go to kiss her on the forehead, she will do it to me. What a personality she has. I have another niece or nephew due next January and I want to look for different cues and know what they mean. I feel like with 9 nieces and nephews I will be a master at this raising children when it comes my time to have babies. 

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I learned a lot a bout these two stages for the major fact that I am not a parent myself so I have never heavily researched when babies can do what and where.. This was really eye opening for me and will actually help me better understand and know more about my baby sister, Lana. One thing I found really interesting was that the baby can open their mouth during the prenatal phase... as silly as it sounds out loud I never thought of them opening their mouth during this phase and thought it would come much later on!

One of my biggest take aways personally will be that at 24 weeks a baby can start to recognize voices! I want to be able to be talking to my baby and keeping myself calm and happy so that he or she recognizes my voice as a safe place and calming for the duration of the pregnancy and then when the child is born.

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Two responses:
K.Terwilliger,
I have seen first hand the ways good childcare and lower quality childcare can impact children. I have worked in great childcare facilities as well as a not so great one and had a childcare in my home. It's amazing to see how these different settings can effect children's emotional and cognitive development. I was at a center at one time many years ago where three year olds were expected to sit and actually do paper work during "school time". I could see the frustration in them trying to write their names, or doing other developmentally inappropriate practices. Nice work on your post!

M.Roth,
Isn't it amazing how children learn things so quickly? Curiosity and wonder are such wonderful things. I think that is why children learn things so quickly, it is all new and exciting for them so they want to take it all in. As adults we can tend to look at something new as a chore or overwhelming with everything else going on in our lives. As adults we can tend to lose the wonderment that small children have, we should all get that back. Nice work on your post!

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I found really interesting the two developments, but something that really surprise me was how prenatal and infants have these connection with their mother. That makes them in an instant recognize their mother. Like I have a son right now, and this makes me feel betrayed because I gave some part to in the process lol. I'm kidding, but it really astonishes how they are capable in making that connection with their mother and developing it so fast. My takeaway from these 2 developments are that prenatal and infants have a cognitive processor that makes them study everything that surrounds them.
1.MR. DOYON RESPONSE: I was surprise with the response you gave about babies knowing how to swim and losing it after. I thought that they didn't swim, but this post made me search more about the topic and I found that they have a reflex called bradycardic response(Babycenter, 2018). This reflex allows them to hold their breath under water and open their eyes, but not necessarily swim. Your post is great because I didn't even know about this topic until I search for it. This is one response that I will takeaway with me. Thank you.
2. N. BURKHARDT RESPONSE: Looking at the video, it is scary that the US has the worst infant mortality rate, according to List 25 (youtube clip). This has made me think about the health system we have and how is different from other places. According to TimeMagazine (2018), "Babies born in America are less likely to reach their first birthday than babies born in other wealthy countries." It is sad because this has to do with their economic status, "the poorer they are, the worst their health outcomes are (TimeMagazine,2018)." This is something that should concerns everyone's future endeavors because they are part of these growing generation, and all everyone should be concern about the health care of prenatal baby, infant and child. No kid should be left behind.
References
BabyCenter (2018). Is it true that babies are born with the ability to swim? Retrieved from https://www.babycenter.com/404_is-it-true-that-babies-are-born-with-the-ability-to-swim_10313062.bc

Johnson, D. (2018, January 9). American Babies Are Less Likely to Survive Their First Year Than Babies in Other Rich Countries. TimeMagazine. Retrieved July 19, 2018, from httpd://time.com/5090112/infant-mortality-rate-usa/

List 25 ( April, 2015). 25 Facts that will change the way you think about Babies. Retrieved from httpd:// youtube.com/watch?v=eFdCV98-oyY&feature=youtu.be

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1 -  I found that the video on baby cues was really interesting. This might be because I am not a parent so I haven't gone through this myself. I knew that babies gave cues but I had no idea how many and what each one looked like or what it meant. For example I had no idea that looking away meant overstimulated and to stop or switch to something soothing. I imagine as a parent you quickly get to know your baby and their cues.

2 - The other interesting thing that will stay with me were the studies about child care and the effect on child development. Specifically, how one study showed that higher quality child care up to 4 1/2 years showed higher cognitive achievement later at the age of 15 (Santrock, 2017, p.195). Higher quality child care also resulted in lower rates of delinquency and better memory. The study also showed that the amount of child care affected development showing that children who spend more than 30 hours in specifically non relative child care may lead to higher risk taking and impulsivity (Santrock, 2017, p.195). I'm not sure how big or how thorough the studies were but the potential development links are fascinating.

References

Newborn Cues 2015. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ve7yXXRaYT8&feature=youtu.be

Santrock, J. (2017). Life-Span Development. YouTube. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

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One thing that spiked my interest about prenatal development is that "Maternal smoking has been Identified as a risk factor for the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in offspring." (Sagiv & others 2012) I didn't think that smoking cigarettes could affect ADHD in kids, I knew that smoking while pregnant could affect the child's breathing pattern but its interesting that it could affect the brain as well.

One thing that I found interesting was "One study found that infants reached for toys with your feet prior to reaching with their hands." (Galloway & Thelen 2004) This is very interesting to me because it shows the Nature vs Nurture theory.

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One of the things that I found most interesting in regards to prenatal development is the fact that babies while in the womb have a modified circulatory system so that they can utilize the mom via the placenta. Using this system allows them to breathe and eat and is something that I never really had thought about until now.

Another thing that popped out at me was how fast infants can pick up habits or learn things. For example my son is two and a half and very early on learned where the snacks where and so one day he just walked up to the cabinet and began helping himself. The rate at which young children take information in and process the world is astounding when in perspective to adults trying to teach simple things at times can be often the most difficult of tasks.

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One of the things that stood out most for me the amazing organ that is the infant brain. To think that when the baby, who began as a single cell, has grown into a living and breathing tiny human. At birth their brains have an estimated 100 billion nerve cells. (de Haan, 2015; Denes, 2016; Monahan & others, 2016). The amount of information they will receive and process just in their first year of life is is astounding. When I read about this, as a parent it made me second guess every decision I made. Did I read to them enough? Did I expose them to the right experiences?

Another topic that stuck with me is the development of an infants gross motor skills. They start out as helpless infants and change within a short year to be mobile beings. At birth they need their head supported and within a few weeks they can hold their heads up on their own and soon they can lift their heads when in a prone position (Santrock. J, 2017). They progress to rolling and sitting and then to crawling and walking in such a short span. Infants truly are amazing and fascinating little humans.

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R. (2018, May 29). What is gross motor development? Retrieved from https://www.care.com/c/questions/1714/what-is-gross-motor-development/

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Two Responses:

H. Graybill – Hi Hedy, it is incredible how infants (even as newborns) can pick up on emotional cues and can even feel negative energy. This is something I learned after I left the medical field and prior to having my daughter worked for a local photographer. We would have newborns come in for photos and it was very fascinating that if a mother was anxious about the baby sleeping or how well the shoot may or may not go the newborn would feel her energy and have a challenging session.

In personal situations, there have been two instances unfortunately when I have had to attend funerals with my daughter. The first one she was about 9 months old and although she could sense the upset and tension, as she got older it was far more difficult. The second funeral she was 20 months old and I could see a significant difference in her behavior. Babies and toddlers are so advanced in their own ways, along with so resilient it continues to blow my mind (for lack of a better expression. I think it’s great that you will be able to make educated recommendations through your work and care. These are all things I too will retain for my growing family, but also one day if/when I become an educator.

N. Burkhardt – Hi Tash, I found the information regarding infant vision very fascinating as well. This is something I heard a little about during birthing classes, but hadn’t ever taken the time to look up and research exactly what things look like to a newborn. I initially felt a little sadden that life looks so blurry to them in the beginning, thankfully it isn’t for an overly extended period of time.

It is heartbreaking to think that as such a well off and developed country the U.S. is that the infant mortality rate is still so high. Falling under the rich/poor gap something that came to my mind was also health care. Although Obama implemented Obamacare in 2012 there are still a significant number of people who don’t have healthcare. Immigrants in particular, I feel that they would avoid being admitted to a U.S. hospital for the fear that after being discharged they could also face deportation. There are many unfortunate reasons that this rate is so high and these were a few that came to my mind. I feel that regardless of the reason something needs to be done to decrease the rate at which this is happening, and this doesn’t even touch on the issue of SIDS, or lack of postnatal education. Something that is near and dear to my heart as an American, but will spare the lengthy rant at this time! Thank you for bringing it up!

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Mdoyon:  My two responses

N. Burkhardt
I was also shocked to learn that the United States has the worst infant mortality rate in any developed nation. It's unbelievable to me that living in the richest country that has ever existed that this gap between the haves and the have-nots is so great that it literally means the difference between life and death for some people. I just heard this morning on the radio that this year is the first time ever that the top one tenth of one percent of the wealthiest population in this country has as much wealth as the bottom 90%.  That is a shocking number and makes you wonder how this can ever even out at all.

S. Blevins
I was also completely surprised to learn that SIDS deaths number over 2000 a year in this country alone. I also thought this was a completely random, almost non existent occurrence in recent years. It seems to me that with 5-6 infant deaths a day on average from this syndrome I would hear more about it in media or even from new parents in conversation. That is a very scary number for new parents.

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To P. Chambers: I was intrigued by the idea that a parent/caregiver's reaction to an infant's temperament can either "encourage or discourage the persistence of temperamental characterisics" (Santrock, 2017, p.179). A negative caregiver and a chaotic environment can create behavioral problems (Santrock, 2017). As caregivers we need to be sensitive not only to a babies temperament and environmental needs, but to our own responses and reactions to the infant's demands. A self-aware caregiver will be better able to ensure a goodness of fit, allowing for optimal development.

To N Burkhardt: It is almost unbelievable that my newborn son was able to recognize my face when he was only 12 hours old. This recognition is the beginning of social-emotional development. By showing a preference for my face, my son was already forming an attachment to me. The physical development of his eyes combines with his cognitive preference for me, his mother, and the attachment bond we formed to create an experience that is both unique and typical. Physical deformities could cause vision to develop abnormally, inhibiting cognitive development and social attachments. I find it amazing how closely tied our biological, cognitive and socioemotional processes are. The development of one area can affect the development of another (Santrock, 2017).

References
Santrock, J. W. (2017). Life-Span Development. New York, NY: McGraw Hill                    Education

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To M. Doyon: I also found it really interesting that a baby is born with the ability to swim, yet that ability is lost pretty quickly. Like I mentioned in my post, we are born with the ability yet when we get older, there are people that do not even know how to swim. It crazy to think that as babies, we grow up learning how to do things and the one ability we are born with, we lose shortly after birth. And for some people, they don't ever relearn that ability.

To G. Bartlett: It is incredible how much babies and young children learn and begin to do on their own in such a short amount of time. I have two (much) younger siblings and it was really awesome to watch them grow and learn. It was a matter of weeks from the time they began babbling to the time they were saying words and then eventually putting together short sentences to be able to tell us what they wanted/needed. Piaget's theories were very interesting to read about and kind of connect back to what I remember about my younger siblings growing up.

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In chapter six of the text there is a section on "Goodness of Fit". This is the match between a child's temperament and the environmental demands with which the child must cope. (Santrock, 2017). Babies have different temperaments and it was interesting to learn how important it is for parents to be sensitive to accommodating the infant to its surroundings or there could be future developmental delays.

I also was stunned to learn that the U.S. has the highest infant mortality rate of any country. (25 Facts, 2015). This made me want to do some of my own research. There is an article on nbcnews.com that gives a combination of reasons ranging from teen births, births over 40, poor access to health care,IVF and the fact that 50% of pregnancies in the U.S. are unplanned. (Fox, 2015).

Santrock, J., Life-Span Development, McGraw-Hill, 2017
the video, 25 Facts That Will Change the Way You Think About Babies, 2015 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eFdCV98-oyY&feature=youtu.be
Fox, M., U.S. Infant Mortality Rate Stays High, (2015), nbcnews.com

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Infant massage can reduce stress in babies, helping them to gain weight and have a more restful sleep, as well as combat excitability and depression (Santrock, 2017).
Infants develop the ability to "read" the emotions of others by observing their emotional cues such as facial expressions.  This social referencing helps infants to decipher new situations more accurately and influences how the child behaves in those situations (Santrock, 2017).
I will be able to use this information with the children in my care. When taking care of babies, I will be recommending infant massage to my new moms as a great bonding experience as well as a way to help their children become more relaxed and sleep better, which is better for the whole family. By being more aware of our facial expressions we, as caregivers, can help our babies feel more secure and willing to explore the environment that has been created just for them.
Reference
Santrock, J. W. (2017). Life-Span Development 16e. New York, NY: McGraw Hill                Education.

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I found so much of the information interesting and It made me think how nice it would been to have known much of this while I was raising my children. One thing that will stick with me is the ability infants have when they are very young to swim and be underwater. It's totally natural to them and goes away very quickly as they get a little older. Something else I didn't know is that during the first weeks of a bay's life they cannot cry as their tear ducts are not fully formed so when they are upset or have a need not being met they basically just scream.

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In Chapter five of our text I was interested to learn about an infants vision and how it starts to develop over time after birth. Nerves and muscles are still developing in the eye lens of a newborn, therefore, they can only see clearly up to 20 feet (Santrock, 2017). Faces become more favorable than other distracting objects in a room for newborns to focus on. They especially focus on their mothers face and prefer to focus on her over a stranger as early as 12 hours old. By three months of age, an infant can actually decipher male from female voices and start to match familiar voices to familiar faces (Santrock, 2017).

In the YouTube clip 25 Facts That Will Change the Way You Think About Babies, I was shocked to hear the following fact about infants. "According to a U.S government report, The U.S has the worst infant mortality rate of any other developed country. In fact, a baby in the U.S is nearly three times more likely to die as a baby in Finland" (List 25, 2015). This is due to the rich/poor gap in our society and not necessarily pointed toward care in hospitals but the infants life at home during the first month. Health care access being the main issue.

References:
List 25 (April, 2015) 25 Facts That Will Change the Way You Think About Babies. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eFdCV98-oyY&feature=youtu.be
Santrock, J.W. (2017) Life-Span Development, 16th Edition. New York, NY. McGraw Hill Education

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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673607616626

The first major take away I will get from this course in regards to infant care is the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).  When I first heard about SIDS, I didn’t fully understand how severe it can be.  Before taking this class, I thought it was a tragic death that happened randomly.  After reading more about SIDS, I know that even the syndrome isn’t as rare as I thought; that over 2,000 infants die from SIDS in the United States alone.  Imagine how much more it is after adding in the mortality rates from other countries.

Another thing I found interesting was all the ways a baby tries to communicate with us through their language, or through “cues.”  When a baby is hungry, for example, she will give signs, i.e. diving for a nipple, before crying out.  I wasn’t aware that crying out is a late cue—I thought it was their only cue!  I also wasn’t aware that a baby falls into a REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep in the first few minutes of being put down.  It explains, for instance, why my baby nephew always wakes up after my sister puts him down right after he falls asleep; he wasn’t in a deep sleep but in a light sleep.

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One major takeaway that stood out to me regarding prenatal care were the studies related to exercise. It is interesting to me that there is not more concrete evidence along with more recent studies on the benefits to exercise during prenatal care. Though there are some studies showing great benefits there is also still a lot of controversy. This is something I have always looked into and will continue to do so over time.
Another piece of information that really caught my attention was one of the facts about SIDS regarding pacifiers. "SIDS is more likely to occur in infants who do not use a pacifier when they go to sleep than in those who do use a pacifier" (Moon & others, 2012) (Myers, 2013). This caught my attention because my daughter never wanted a pacifier. Something I will definitely look into more if my family continues to grow.

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The first thing that caught my attention was that baby's recognize there mother smells and sounds almost immediately after coming out of the womb. This means that a baby and a mother have an extremely special bond from the beginning. The second major take away that I got from this was that all baby's are born with the ability to swim, and it quickly disappears. This fact is absolutely amazing because some people even when they get older do not know how to swim. I also really enjoyed the TED Talk with Laura Schulz about the 15 month old baby's that were extremely cognitively developed. I honestly did not understand the magnitude of how smart kids actully where, its impressive to say the least, and I cant wait to have a kid one day.

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The first major takeaway for me was the development of language. I found this to be very interesting since my niece is at the stage where she is saying a few words, but her vocabulary is expanding like crazy the past couple weeks. First, babies start with recognizing language sounds and then they begin to babble and vocalize. Babies will then start to make gestures before they will say their first words (Santrock, 2017). Watching this process with my niece has been so amazing, I love watching young children grow and learn.

Second, the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development will stick with me. This stage lasts from birth to about two years old. In this stage, infants spend their time learning through their senses. As infants work through this stage, they will start out by developing coordination of sensation and action through reflexive behavior, like sucking for example. Halfway through the stage, the infant will develop hand-eye coordination. By the end, they will be able to form enduring mental representations. For example, if they have never thrown a temper tantrum and they see someone else do it, they will remember this and throw one the next day (Santrock, 2017).

Reference
Santrock, J.W. (2017) Life-Span Development, 16th Edition. New York, NY. McGraw Hill Education

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I am especially interested in early infant development.  It is amazing to me that these little humans come right out and are already adapting to the world around them so quickly.  They are ready to eat, breathe, grasp mama's finger and even make eye contact.  Babies aren't just amazing as newborn, they learn and grow at an astonishing rate.  The way infants learn very shortly after their arrival to hold their heads up, imitate others and how they can pick up on what Mom is going through is nothing short but amazing.  These are just a few things that resonated with me the last few weeks.  Raising children is a wonderful job, and it certainly goes by way too fast- especially these phases.
Some things I will remember after learning of infant development would be that postpartum depression affects 10% of all new mothers.  I work with new mom's who struggle with substance abuse and most of them are battling postpartum depression.  I learned from our reading that a newborn can pick up their mothers senses.  A mother who is suffering with this may display very little emotion and act detached and withdrawn, this leads infants to display fewer positive emotions and to withdraw.  Learning this has given me more insight to what I can do to help these struggling mom's with their infants.  Which leads me to my other take away from this; newborns can pick up on many things.  It is very important to show them positive emotion and teach them that they are loved because it will certainly carry over into their adolescent and adult years.

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After having two children of my own I realize that my husband myself were lucky to have been blessed with babies that were great sleepers. Postpartum depression can be a serious condition for new mothers, it is not an easy adjustment period after bringing a new born home. Lack of sleep and adjusting to possibly feeding a child on demand can reek a lot of stress on a body that has already gone through the trauma of giving birth. Postpartum is not something that mothers choose or have control over.

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I found the early infant stages very interesting and eye opening when my son was born in 2003 the doctors just rushed in and said he needs to come with us right now. After an amazing moment and milestone in your life, you kinda just freeze up and wonder what is going on. They didn't tell me much except red blood cell count was too low. After doing the research of how many things can affect the cells and development in a child and how it can go wrong in birth is astounding. After a week and a half in the hospital, we got to go home with a healthy baby. All's well that ends well.

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E Bergeron                                                                                   I have really enjoyed this Module on infant development.  How remarkable the development from a bunch of cells into a person in just nine months! Once a baby is born the incredible rate of development continues and it is truly amazing.  For now on whenever I see a little baby I will know that that little human is a brilliant scientist learning and making connections to the world that surrounds them. Just amazing!

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E Bergeron                                                                                   I have really enjoyed this Module on infant development.  How remarkable the development from a bunch of cells into a person in just nine months! Once a baby is born the incredible rate of development continues and it is truly amazing.  For now on whenever I see a little baby I will know that that little human is a brilliant scientist learning and making connections to the world that surrounds them. Just amazing!

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I found infant cues very interesting. I had my daughter 22 years ago and she was a preemie. It never even crossed my mind to think in terms of the cues that were shown in the video. It just seems that the knowledge of what baby is asking for should come naturally but it really doesn't. Some times it is good to have that knowledge presented to you.

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I found the TedTalk video from birth to conception to be interesting. Especially, the part where the rapid rate of growth in such a short period of time is described. Although, this rate of growth obviously has to slow down, I think the amount of cognitive development that starts after the baby is born throughout the early stages of life seems to occur similarly at such a rapid rate.

https://www.ted.com/talks/alexander_tsiaras_conception_to_birth_visualized?utm_source=tedcomshare&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=tedspread

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-How does infant child care affect later development?:  Child Care , a social response to the changing nature of the family.  It can be beneficial to the social development of the child, fostering social interaction and cooperation if it is of high quality.

-PKU was unsure of what it was before this class.  The center I just started working in, we have alittle boy who has PKU, his mother provides all his food to ensure his protein levels are where they should be at all times.  Kinda scary!

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I definitely did enjoy the Ted Talks video with Laura Schultz. I found it it remarkable when the children chose to bring the toy to them self using the blanket rather than to ask the parent for help. (Schultz, Laura. June 2, 2015- The Surprisingly Logical Minds of Babies)
I also found it interesting that in chapter 3 of our required text- Development across the Life-Span the Newborn Screening is so different between every State. It is a little hard to believe that there are such medical advances that we can test for a wide variety of things right after birth. Some of those test could produce life saving results. In some states its mandatory and while in the next state over it may not be.

Picture found at- http://www.babysfirsttest.org/newborn-screening/training-materials

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Reading about the early learning capabilities of infants was very interesting to me. My 10-month-old Jase is already practicing operant conditioning and habitation.  I can tell he is practicing operant conditioning when he gives certain responses to get what he needs. Jase also knows about habituation as well. When new stimuli is shown his eyes get wide and he just looks, he breathes slow I know he is able to tell the difference between new and old stimuli. My son Jase uses uses his capabilities on a daily basis.  This is definitely something I see daily as well and I know it will go beyond the term with me.
http://www.clipartpanda.com/categories/learning-clip-art-free

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what really struck me after reading and digging a bit into basic genetics were;
- through the discoveries made by Gregor Mendel, it is clear that parents transfer genetic information to their offspring through chromosomes.(Eighth Edition. Development Across the Life Span-Robert S. Feldman). I found myself wanting and how come, when two partners, black and white conceived and the offspring were twins, one white and the other black? This is another area for researchers to look into.
- Also, it is very amazing that a  fetus after the end of the fetal period can hear sounds. It is surrounded by the amniotic fluid so how does sounds transmit through to the fetus? AMAZING!!! (Eighth Edition. Development Across the Life Span-R.S. Feldman. Page 71).

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The surprisingly logical minds of babies, as explained by Laura Schulz in her Ted Talk struck me as fascinating. I am intrigued by how predictable a young mind’s learning is. What a responsibility it is to raise a child!

Schulz, Laura. June 2, 2015. The surprisingly logical minds of babies. Ted Talks. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1KIVZw7Jxk&feature=youtu.be.

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In chapter 2, I found the topic of prenatal testing interesting and the fact that they can determine any abnormalities or disorders babies may have before they are born (R. Feldman, 2016). The only downside to this is that some parents may choose to not go through with a pregnancy if their baby tests positive for a disorder like Down Syndrome.
I also found Fetal Surgery very interesting. The fact that they can perform surgery on the baby while still in the womb to improve their quality of life is amazing (R. Feldman, 2016).
Feldman, Robert, 2016. Development Across The Life Span - eighth edition

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I really enjoyed the video titled, "25 facts that will change the way you think about babies". I found two of my takeaways from this video that will stay with me beyond this term.

One: In a babies first few weeks of life, they can not actually cry,. They can't form tears yet, so they are basically just screaming. I feel that this is a fact that I should have noticed before, seeing as I have held a lot of newborn babies in the past. I will definitely be looking out for this interesting fact in the future.
Two: The next takeaway I feel is very interesting, but sad is that, the United States have more baby fatalities than any other developed country in the world. This is not due to the lack of quality of prenatal and neonate care, but due to the lack of readily available quality care for the baby in it's first year of life. I find it very alarming and unfortunate that a child's access to good health care is based on their economic status.

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B. Gallagher                                        I absolutely loved the Ted talk video about conception to birth. Watching how the miracle actually happens blew me away. Seeing how the heart and the brain starts out and then over the course of the 9 months it develops into what it is. I have always found the human body fascinating, the way it can heal and what we can truly do, but growing a human inside of us and carrying the baby is such a gift. Its environment is so different inside then outside, yet the baby learns how to do everything; breathing, eating, walking, talking, it's truly amazing. I have to say some parts made me nervous, so many things could go wrong. Watching the growth and development of the organs I had a few thoughts of “what if”, which i'm sure most mothers do. There were just so many changes and stages for it to become whole and healthy. I also really enjoyed watching the little clips that Laura Schulz had in her video. Watching these tiny humans problem solving and soaking in the information in front of them was fascinating. I am really enjoying what we are learning!

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B. Gallagher                                        I absolutely loved the Ted talk video about conception to birth. Watching how the miracle actually happens blew me away. Seeing how the heart and the brain starts out and then over the course of the 9 months it develops into what it is. I have always found the human body fascinating, the way it can heal and what we can truly do, but growing a human inside of us and carrying the baby is such a gift. Its environment is so different inside then outside, yet the baby learns how to do everything; breathing, eating, walking, talking, it's truly amazing. I have to say some parts made me nervous, so many things could go wrong. Watching the growth and development of the organs I had a few thoughts of “what if”, which i'm sure most mothers do. There were just so many changes and stages for it to become whole and healthy. I also really enjoyed watching the little clips that Laura Schulz had in her video. Watching these tiny humans problem solving and soaking in the information in front of them was fascinating. I am really enjoying what we are learning!

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I found the sections on child birth and labor to be particular interesting to read.  I have an eight year old daughter and while I feel like I remember practically everything about her birth and the labor process, it was really interesting and nostalgic to read all of the various factors and alternatives that come along with child birth.  For example reading about the different approaches to child birth such as lamaze, which I never did before my daughter was born or during labor.  Thinking back however I can see now how it may have been helpful to have a plan for remaining calm and focused.  I also really enjoyed the beginning of the section that stated expect the unexpected because truly you never know how the birth of your child is going to to.  My labor was relatively smooth compared to that of some of my friends that have since given birth and I honestly think this is the simplest and best advice you could give any expectant parent.

Feldman, R. S. (2017). Development across the lifespan. Pearson Education Inc: 8th Edition. P. 85, 91-91.

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The profound statement made by Alexander Tsiaras, in his Ted Talk Conception to Birth – Visualized, that “the magic of us is divinity, as we are beyond any existing mathematics today” is something which will stay with me for my lifetime!  He has very simply defined what has been a riddle to humans since the beginning of time.  Our existence is a much bigger and more complex one with no definitive answers.  Along our journey of advancement and discovery, it gives us something to always strive for.  What an exciting statement and one which gives me hope of the possibilities of all things!!

Speaking of the possibilities…

In the YouTube video 25 Facts That Will Change the Way You Think About Babies (published on 24 April 2015), fact #1 tells us of a Russian woman who gave birth to 69 children!  This fact will never, ever leave me and probably will haunt me in my dreams for years to come!!!  That poor woman!

www.all-creatures.org

imgarcade.com,  gallery for “Screaming Woman”

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I found the video on infant cues very interesting. I have a two year old son and I remember seeing a lot of the cues when he was a newborn. The one's I was the least familiar with were the disengagement cues and the over stimulation cue. I wasn't really aware that my newborn might get too much of me. Another thing I found really interesting was the greater response infants had towards their mother's voices, even before they're born. In the book it said that infants preferred listening to melodies sung by their mothers before they were born versus after. It's really interesting just how much speaking, reading, and singing to our unborn child effects our child.

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As a mother and lead teacher of an infant classroom, I found the video "25 Facts That Will Change The Way You Think About Babies" very interesting and I also learned some things I didn't know prior to the video. A few of the things I didn't know was 80% of infants are born with a birthmark and they are able to breathe and swallow at the same time (as the video stated I was one that tried this!). Every hour in the US a baby dies of SIDS, this is a scary reality with it being the "Unanticipated killer" with healthy infants dying in their sleep. Working in the infant room this is a subject that I always try to learn more about. One of the things from Chapter 4 that I did learn was The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that parents consider giving their babies a pacifier during naps and bedtimes. Some of the things I do in my own classroom is making sure babies use the back-to-sleep guidelines. Hopefully with more research in the future they will be able to come to some understanding on what causes SIDS and what precautions both parents and caregivers are able to use.

Feldman, Robert
Development Across the Lifespan
pg. 124

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Being a mother I had found the video 25 Facts That Will Change The Way You Think About Babies interesting and some surprising. I would never have thought that it takes a few weeks for a newborn to recognize the mother by looks or that they would be have natural ability to swim. I once considered a water birth, I think this would have been a cool fact to know then. I also didn’t know babies have no knee caps or that they are born with more bones than adults equaling 300. I was taken by surprise that the United States has the worst infant mortality rate and high maternal death rates.

I was intrigued a lot while reading chapter 6 and learning about the social and personality development in infancy. One thing I always thought was cute about babies is when they imitate faces and such going back and forth. I like how as they get older the imitation leads to them learning. For instance I have 16 month old daughter and 14 month old niece, I have seen them imitate each other since infancy. From noises and coos, to standing and squatting repeatedly in a pack in play as if they were exercising, to walking with toy walker within weeks of each other. Although I was witnessing this and seeing them learn from each other I never took into depth that the imitation was the foundation of their socializing and learning together til now.

Feldman, Robert S.
Development Across the Lifespan
eigth edition.
Pg. 212-214

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One of the things I found interesting is that couples who use fertility drugs to help conceive have a higher chance of having dizygotic twins. I never thought about it much, but it makes sense how that happens. The number of twins has also risen significantly in the past 30 years, which was something else I found intriguing. Another thing I found interesting is when development deviates from the norm. I work with kids with a wide array of disabilities, and learning more about how each disorder comes about is fascinating. While I knew a few, one being Down Syndrome, Fragile X is one that I never knew what caused it; a damaged X chromosome.

Feldman, Robert S.
Development Across the Lifespan- eighth edition.
P. 47 and 52-53

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As I work with children in an Elementary school setting, I found the information about the SENSITIVE PERIOD  to be very interesting and maybe telling of some of the children I work with who are in poverty. When children are not interacted with or stimulated as a baby they will lose neurons that may be important for their success in the future. If parents are more aware that this is a critical period of development maybe we will see the number of children with deficits go down. I wonder if in Lamaze classes this is something that needs to be brought to new parents attention? Playgroups are a great resource but I feel the fad of places offering them has decreased. What do you think the resolution is to having babies have the best opportunities for stimulation and positive interactions?
More information can be found on pg. 120 about this. (Uylings, 2006: Hartley &Lee, 2015)

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Two things that I found extremely interesting are both: SIDS and monozy-dizygotic twins. Up until now, I have always thought that there was only one term to describe each, that being identical and fraternal. Monozygotic twins are essentially perfect copies of each other, duplicates one may say, and dizygotic twins are two seperate children made from both 2 seperate eggs and 2 seperate sperm. Regarding SIDS, I heard of it here and there throughout the years, but was able to have a more in depth look at exactly what it was. While it is believed that the culprit is an unexpected disruption in normal breathing patterns, the scary reality is that nobody knows for sure what causes a healthy infant to die so suddenly. I truly do hope that more in depth studies and research can truly rule out the causes so that parents can take the necessary precautions to protect their children.

Feldman, Robert S.
Development Across the Lifespan-eighth edition.
P. 47 &124

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I find it extremely interesting the nervous system and the brain of infants before they are born and then after birth. When it comes to science, it is not my strongest subject, but tieing it into infants is just amazing. Babies are born with more neurons than needed and once they grow a little and learn the environment neurons that aren't needed die out and increase the perfection of the nervous system. The way the brain of a baby works is phenomenal!

Feldman, Robert S.  Development Across the    Lifespan--eighth edition.
P.118-119.

One takeaway I will never be able to forget also is the behavior and social cognitive theories. I am a HUGE believer in children learn through play and their interactions help build on their learning especially from the environmental they are taught in!
Knowing the environment a child learns in is crutial I will take this with me and remember it for when I have my own classroom someday☺️

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The video Conception to Birth, Ted shows an amazing slide of the growing and birthing process. During the the slide it says "If the fetus continues to grow at this speed for the entire nine months, it would be 1.5 tons at birth." To me that is mind blowing! The whole clip and everything that Ted was sharing with us was really interesting to me and very powerful.
I knew most of the The 25 Facts about babies, but there was a few that blew me away. Like, In the womb how the babies have 300 bones and while growing they fuse together before they are born. Adults only have 206. On of the other facts that i didn't know was that babies grow mustaches and covers their whole bodies then sheds off. The babies either eat it or it get reabsorbed.
Picture below obtained from:
https://www.mnn.com/family/babies-pregnancy/blogs/9-ways-babies-are-really-weird

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C. Twombly My takeaway was reading about infant language development in chapter 5. This is not a topic I’m reading for the first time; however I feel I have processed it differently this time. I knew that babies communicated by make sounds, words and then sentences. Now I know why they communicate the way they do and how it helps them learn about the world around them.

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C. Twombly My takeaway was reading about infant language development in chapter 5. This is not a topic I’m reading for the first time; however I feel I have processed it differently this time. I knew that babies communicated by make sounds, words and then sentences. Now I know why they communicate the way they do and how it helps them learn about the world around them.

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Picture can be found at
www.talkingpoint.org.uk

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I was amazed at the fact that infant mortality is so much greater in African American culture than in Caucasian. African American babies are twice as likely to die before the age of 1.  They are  more likely to live in poverty and receive less prenatal care which can lead to low birth weight.  This information is from 1985-2006, I sure hope it has gotten better and the infant mortality rate is not so high for African Americans.

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In Chapter 2, I enjoyed learning about inherited and genetic disorders. I was thoroughly interested in learning about Down Syndrome and how "the risk is much greater in mothers who are unusually young or old." (Feldman, 2017). That statement resonated with me because my best friend's mother had her sixth child at the age of 43 and the child was diagnosed with Down Syndrome.
I found the YouTube video about the New Born cues very informative. I learned that babies  show hunger cues 15 minutes before starting to cry. Crying is a late cue and is their way to get their needs met. The cue that intrigued me the most was the overstimulation cue: stiff body, tight muscles and grinding cry. If a child is overstimulated, you should choose a calming technique that soothes the baby and continue to do the technique for 5 minutes. Coming from someone who does not have any children yet, I would not have known to continue to do the same technique for 5 minutes. I would have probably tried several different techniques to try to calm the baby down. I'm glad I watched this video because now I can be prepared and look for the cues and be informed on what to do down the road.
References: Feldman, r. (2017). Development Across the Life Span. Pearson: 8th edition. P 53

J. (2015, November 03). Newborn Cues 2015 narrated. Retrieved September 22, 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ve7yXXRaYT8&feature=youtu.be

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The "25 Facts That Will Change The Way You Think About Babies" was intriguing.  I was not aware of many of these things - number 8, Lena Medina was a 5 year old girl and recorded the youngest girl to give birth?!  That's mind-blowing and amazing that she was able to do so and she survived.  So many questions could be asked on that.  Ted Talks on Conception to Birth showed a realistic dramatization of how we are formed and develop.  Every-time I see something like this, I am in awe.  We, as humans, are amazing and a true miracle.

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Schulz, L. (2015, June 2). The Surprisingly Logical Minds of Babies. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1KIVZw7Jxk&feature=youtu.be. 

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I found the Ted Talk with Laura Schulz on The Surprisingly Logical Minds of Babies to have the most memorable takeaways. The study she had done with graduate students was incredibly strong and even replicated. It is amazing how receptive babies are to the smallest of details and how they understand probability based from their own experience more so than I had thought.
~ Schulz, L. (2015, June 2). The Surprisingly Logical Minds of Babies. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1KIVZw7Jxk&feature=youtu.be. ~~

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One of my biggest takeaways from this course would have to be from the TED conception to birth video. Babies grow and develop rapidly inside their mothers' womb. I was in awe by his speech and video. I did not know that the only place in our body where collagen separates is in our eyes. This allows us to see because the way that the collagen lines up it makes it transparent. I would have to say my second takeaway would have to be that 25 facts. There were some facts that blow my mind. For instinct fact #18 "babies grow mustaches in the womb. This mustache grows until it cover the baby's inter body. It's sheds this hair right before birth" This fact I have told over10 different people already and all were shocked and in disbelief. Some even had to look it up for themselves as well. I also did not know that babies, when born are able to weight their own body weight. They are strong little things.

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- One theory that really resonated with me was Erik Erikson's. I have always felt that development may go far past childhood and I think it is truly interesting to read the theory on it.

-I also have studied religion and culture immensely through my studies, and I find it extremely interesting that our behaviors may be effected by out cultures genetics. Such as an average American baby crying to 7 seconds, where as the average Chinese baby cries for 1.1 second.

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I actually learned the most in the video "25 facts that will change the way you think about babies". Having taken a similar class at a different college, I didn't think I would learn much in the way of new information, but this video taught me so many new things. My favorites were that babies grow mustaches that cover their whole bodies in the womb and then shed them before birth, and a babies best chance at surviving is when their mother is 22 (I'm going to be 23 next month, better get on that LOL)

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The 25 facts that will change your mind about babies gave me lots of interesting facts that I did not know about. Like they can swallow and breathe at the same time. That is really cool some people say they can't do it, but maybe we can do it subconsciously. Also I thought the fact that babies grow mustaches in the womb and then shed it before birth was really interesting. I would have never known that if I never watched that video. My only question is why do they grow mustaches? Does it help them grow hair later in life? so many questions I would like to learn more about this.

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In Chapter 4, the Dynamic Systems Theory was interesting to me because it talks about how motor skills develop and are coordinated. It was interesting because it said how not all motor development is dependent on the brain sending out a program that allows the muscles to move, but instead needs coordination of muscles, perception, motivation and cognition in order to achieve these motor development. I think it was so interesting that in order for children to develop their motor skills, they need to have motivation; which I feel not enough people know about. I also think it's interesting that so many parts of a child need to work together to achieve motor development.

Picture obtained from:
http://www.momjunction.com/articles/facts-about-your-childs-motor-development_00354365/#gref

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I found it very amazing that baby could swallow and breath at the same time. I tried this myself and wondered at what point did I lose this ability.
I was also very intrigues y the TED talk Laura Schulz gave. The experiment with the toy really got my attention. To me no matter which method the baby chose of dealing with the non working toy their was an applied logic behind it. To me it showed babies are very adept at getting their needs met. For me the most impressive was the baby that figured out it could pull the cloth to get the other toy. Problem solving at it's finest.

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I really enjoyed the video on Infant cues. I have been working with babies for over 9 years now. I was good a the cues and could call them in the video. I feel this video would be so helpful to the 1st time parents. Knowing why they are crying so helpful.

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Watching and listening to Laura Schulz has made me want to pay more attention to the abilities of children. It is truly amazing to see that our choices as adults alter how a baby may perceive any simple, daily task of learning.

"In the years to come we are going to see technological innovations beyond anything I can even envision. But, we are very unlikely to see anything even approximating the computational power of a human child, in my life time, or in yours." - Laura Schulz

(The Surprisingly Logical Minds of Babies, June 2, 2015, TED Youtube Channel)

Picture obtained from: https://www.wendelneves.com.br/tag/sandrine-thuret/

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“If we invest in these most powerful learners and their development - in babies, and children, and mothers, and fathers, and caregivers, and teachers - the ways we invest in the most powerful, and elegant forms of; technology, engineering and design. We will not be just dreaming of a better future, we will be planning for one.” – Laura Schulz, the Surprisingly Logical Minds of Babies

Picture below obtained from - click here

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- PKU; I never really understood how severe PKU was. I have a good friend whose sons have PKU. She always had them on a special diets, making sure they had low amounts of protein but I didn't know that if she didn't have them on as strict as a diet as she did, her children could develop a intellectual disability.
-Infant Cues; I have 3 children of my own and still found the newborn cue video very interesting. Overstimulated cue was the most interesting in the fact, that if your newborn is in fact overstimulated you should try a soothing technique, for at least 5 mins and not any shorter than that because to many more soothing techniques will just over stimulate the child more.

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-Hand Crafted Babies; I never really realized before reading the description of what invitro fertilization actually was. I knew it was expensive, and involved science for couples who were struggling to get pregnant naturally, but I never knew that a scientist actually adds the sperm to the egg essentially hand crafting a baby.
-Turner's Syndrome; Over the last two years i have spent a lot of time researching chromosomal abnormalities and birth defects and I was still surprised to learn about Turners syndrome. Although rare it only affects females who are lacking the extra X chromosome as a result they often have physical disabilities and a possible shorted lifespan