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Part 1: The Hearth and the Salamander Summary

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Part 1: The Hearth and the Salamander Summary

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Characters in Fahrenheit 451 include Guy Montag, Clarisse, Mildred, Captain Beatty, the Mysterious Old Woman, Faber, Granger and other intellectuals and Mildred's friends - Mrs Bowles and Mrs Phelps.

Guy Montag is the protagonist for the novel Fahrenheit 451. He is a fireman who makes his living by burning books and the houses where they are illegally kept. He has been working the same job for close to 30 years. He has never questioned his happiness until Clarisse asked him, "Are you happy?". That question sparked his thoughts and since then he started to think and go against the norm of the society. He realizes that the world is wasting away because people live only to be entertained. He forms unusually strong relations with anyone who seems positive to true friendship thus Montag turns to Professor Faber, a man of books who Montag met once long ago, for guidance in his quest for knowledge. A few characteristic traits about is that he is BRAVE, LOYAL and RECKLESS

Montag is COURAGEOUS because:

-He was brave enough to keep the book that hedisregard anyread a book to
was supposed to burn at the old woman's house and even showed it to Mildred.

-When he could not commuinicate with Mildred about his ideas, he went to seek help from Faber. He is brave in the sense that
he decided to look for Faber, somebody whom he only met once. For the purpose of
finding out the truth, he is brave enough to

chance of being caught owning books and collaborating with a
non-conformist.

-He is also brave as he dares to
Mildred's friends. He knew that Mrs Bowles and Mrs Phelps are conformist
and would not support the idea of reading books, yet he wants to give it a try, despite the risk.

-He dared to defy the ways of a firemen of the
society.

-In order to protect Faber, hekilled Beatty and the Mechanical Hound. "We'll trace
this and drop in on your friend" Beatty had threatened to seek out Faber
when he found out about the freen capsule in Montag's ear. "He twitched the
safety catch on the flame thrower."

-He did not think carefully about what he was
doing or planning to do. He wanted to plant books in the firemen's houses but he
did not think about the danger of it or whether it will succeed. "Plant the
books, turn in an alarm, and see the firemen's houses burn, is that what you
mean?"

-He also did not consider the consequences of
reading the poem 'Dover Beach' to Mrs Bowles and Mrs Phelps.

Clarisse McClellan is an unusual young girl who lives next door to Montag. A seventeen-year-old she is, she influences montag into discovering the beauty of the world. She is an outcast from society because of her odd habits, which include hiking, playing with flowers, and asking questions. However, her family and herself seem happy with themselves and each other. She inspires Montag to ponder over his life, asking him if he is happy with what he does. Clarisse is a non-conformist, she expresses herself. She is also the catalyst that aids Montag in his search for himself. She is BRAVE.

Clarissa McClellan is COURAGEOUS because:

-She dared to talk to Guy Montag although she knew from his pungent
kerosene scent that he was a fireman. She says that she is not scared of
firemen.

-She is a non-conformist and she does not have to hide it. Her
non-conformity is shown in the things she do, such as playing with flowers and
asking questions. When people in the Fahrenheit 451 society question "What?",
she questions "Why?".

Mildred (Millie) is the protagonist's wife, the one major character in the book who seems to have no hope of resolving the conflicts within herself. She is obsessed with watching television and refuses to be in a conversation with her husband about their marriage or her feelings. Her suicide attempt, clearly indicates that she suffers a great deal of pain. Narrow-minded and childish, Mildred does not understand her husband and apparently has no purpose in doing so. Her suicide attempt suggests that she is in great pain and that her obsession with television is a means to avoid confronting her life. Eventually, Mildred is overwhelmed by her husband's discovery and dedication to books, reports his illegal activity and flees the house. She is a flat character.

- She is a conformist and she is afraid of going
against the law. This can be seen when she reports Montag's possesion of
books to the firemen. She does not seem to mind the fact that Montag is her own
husband and that her house was going to be burnt down; She just did not want to
go against the laws and get into trouble.

-She is aware of the state of the society, and how unhappy everything is.
Instead of facing up to her problems, she does not have to do so and instead
takes the easy way out - commit suicide. Which is why she gulped down a alot of
sleeping pills just so she could die and escape from her unhappiness.

Captain Beatty is the captain of Montag's fire department and also the antagonist of the story. Although he is himself extremely well-read, he hates books and people who insist on reading them. He is cunning and so perceptive that he appears to read Montag's thoughts. Beatty is a ruond/complex character, because he is not what he appears to be at first sight; He is full of contradictions. He demonstrates vast literary knowledge in his arguments against the presence of books in society. Beatty often antagonistically lectures Montag, trying to prevent him from succumbing to the appeal of books. Beatty is CRUEL, RATIONAL and a CONFORMIST.

-At old woman's house; did not bother if the woman burnt to death "Beatty flicked his finger to spark the kerosene."

-There were hints dropped that he might be involved in Clarisse's death. If
not, kill other non-conformists "We know how to nip most of them in the bud,
early."

-He used propaganda instead of force; He brainwashed Montag and make him
felt guilty, so that he confesses. "If he hasn't burned it by then, we
simply come burn it for him" "had a dream of you and I, Montag having debates on
books, yelling quotes at me"

-He is the Chief fire officer, thus he must be staunch supporter of
totalitarian system.

-He believes deeply in conformity "books say nothing" "we must all be
alike" - Stronly believes in eliminating all books to enforce law, at any cost
E.g.: Killing of old woman. "The world can get by just fine without
books."

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The Mysterious Old Woman is one of the victims, who chooses to burn herself to death among her treasured possessions rather than surrending her books and saving herself; She is a martyr. Montag is unable to forget the image of the old woman, and wonders what in books could possibly inspire so much passion.
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is a retired English professor whom Montag met in a park long ago. He still possesses a few precious books and desires to have more. He would not speak out against book burning when they still could have stopped it. Faber feels it is safer to live discreetly rather than protest or attempt to change the world. He tries to help Montag think independently and at other times he tries to dominate him. Similarly, he can be cowardly and heroic by turns. He blames himself for being a coward, but he later on shows great courage in his acts.
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Granger is the leader of the "Book People," the group of intellectuals Montag finds in the country. Granger is intelligent, patient, and confident in the strength of the human spirit. He is committed to uphold literature through the current Dark Age.
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Mildred's friends: Mrs Bowles and Mrs Phelps are also conformists, just like Mildred.

Mrs Phelps is emotionally seperated from her life, being unconcerned when her third husband is sent off to war. Yet she breaks down crying when Montag reads her a poem, 'Dover Beach', revealing suppressed feelings.

Mrs Bowles, like Mrs Phelps, she does not seem to care deeply about her own miserable life, which includes one divorce, one husband killed in an accident, one husband who commits suicide, and two children who hate her. Both of Mildred's friends are conformists.
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Characters in Fahrenheit 451 include Guy Montag, Clarisse, Mildred, Captain Beatty, the Mysterious Old Woman, Faber, Granger and other intellectuals and Mildred's friends - Mrs Bowles and Mrs Phelps. Guy Montag is the protagonist for the novel Fahrenheit 451. He is a fireman who makes his living by burning books and the houses where they are illegally kept.

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Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury: CHARACTER ANALYSIS / GUY MONTAG

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Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury: CHARACTER ANALYSIS / GUY MONTAG

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By: Merisa, Shriya, and Aaron
Fahrenheit 451 Literary Development-Symbolism of Fire
"Always at night the alarm comes. Never by day! Is it because the fire is prettier at night? More of a show?" (Bradbury 37).
Light the first page,light the second page. Each becomes a black butterfly. Beautiful, eh? Light the third page, from the second and so on, chain-smoking, chapter by chapter, all the silly things the words mean..." (Bradbury 74).
"Strange. I heard once that a long time ago houses used to burn by accident and they needed firemen to stop the flames." (Bradbury 3).
"Those who don't build must burn. It's as old as history and juvenile delinquents." (Bradbury 42).
"Now Montag, you're a burden. And fire will lift you off my shoulders, clean, quick, sure; nothing to rot later." (Bradbury 53).
"And as before, it was good to burn, he felt himself gush out in the fire, snatch, rend, rip in half with flame and put away the senseless problem. If there was no solution, well then now there was no problem either. Fire was the best for everything!" (Bradbury 152).
"That small motion, the white and red color, a strange fire because it meant a different thing to him. It was not burning, it was warming." (Bradbury 188-189).
"It was a pleasure to burn. It was a special pleasure to see this eaten, to see things blackened and changed." (Bradbury 1).
"He [Captain Beatty] examined his eternal matchbox, the lid of which said 'GUARANTEED: ONE MILLION LIGHTS IN THIS IGNITER', and began to strike the chemical match abstractedly, blow out, strike, speak a few words, blow out." (Bradbury 51).
Symbolism of Fire
Positive
"One drop of rain. Clarisse. Another drop. Mildred. A third. The uncle. A fourth. The fire tonight. One, Clarisse. Two, Mildred. Three, uncle. Four, fire."
(Bradbury 15).
Negative
Connotation
Progression of Novel
Beginning
End
In this quote, Montag repeats current things that are on his mind. After he thought this, He kept repeating the word "fire" in his head. Montag is starting into a paranoia of sorts; fire is the main thing on his mind. Fire is used with a destructive connotation in this section of the novel. This is the first spark of Montag's curiosity in Fahrenheit 451.
Throughout the novel Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Bradbury uses fire to symbolize a variety of things throughout the story. Towards the beginning of the novel fire symbolizes destruction, while towards the end of the novel fire begins to symbolize rebirth. The symbols in the beginning of the novel have a negative connotation, while the symbols towards the end have more of a positive connotation.
Claim
Montag thinks to himself the reality of the fires. He starts to notice that fires are never at daytime. The fires are usually at night to create a spectacle. In this instance, fire is used to warn the people that having books is illegal. Montag is starting to question why certain events & occurrences happen when they do.
The purpose and meaning behind firemen and fire has changed throughout time and has become increasingly negative. Towards the beginning of the novel, as Clarisse said, firemen used to put out fires, however, now firemen are the reason these fires happen in the first place. In the past firemen would go to a home or building hoping to put out a fire and save lives, but now the society in which Montag lives in has changed the purpose of becoming a fireman. Before, fires used to be an "enemy" of mankind however in the novel, the society views fire as a way of saving themselves from the evil found in books. The quote shows how much the meaning of being a fireman has changed, firemen along with fire itself are the cause of destruction and are used to destroy the knowledge that is found in books. Previously, firemen used to symbolize safety and repair, but the symbolism has changed to where firemen are the destroyers along with fire and create a feeling of danger and destruction. The meaning behind fire towards the beginning of the novel was primarily negative because their society used fire to burn books and destroy the belongings of others.
In this quote, Beatty is comparing burning pages to a butterfly. In Beatty's eyes, fire is beautiful and powerful. Seemingly, Beatty thinks that the words in the books are meaningless, even though he is well-read himself. There is a negative connotation of fire in this selection.
According to this quote, the society in Fahrenheit 451 consists of people who will benefit society and others who will only cause destruction and despair. As Faber said, their society consists of people like Clarisse or himself, who enjoy learning and thinking. On the other hand, their society also consists of people like Mildred, Beatty, and other firemen, who find thinking and learning to be a waste of time and believe that books and their words will corrupt the minds of their society. Fire is the "weapon" used to prevent the corruption of their minds from books. Firemen used fire to destroy books that people had been secretly holding in their homes. Fire represents the idea that in their society if someone doesn't read or gain knowledge they are contributing to the destruction of knowledge that others may already have or are hoping to earn. In their society people who don't care for benefiting society are the people who find it in themselves to burn and cause destruction.
On the very first page of the novel, Bradbury introduces the symbol of fire. The way fire is used on this page symbolizes the way the firemen react to the fire, including Montag, the main character who promotes the shift in connotation of the symbol. Montag explicitly states that he enjoys watching things "blackened and changed" by fire. Therefore, it symbolizes darkness and destruction, which has a highly negative connotation.
Captain Beatty, the fire chief and antagonist in the novel absentmindedly uses the matchbox while he is explaining the "uselessness" of novels. Given Beatty's personality, which tends to be the kind of person that likes to be in charge, and the fact that he was trying to stay in control during his encounter with Montag, Beatty uses the matchbox to demonstrate power and control. Also, since Beatty is absentmindedly blowing out and striking the match, the fire symbolizes needing something (Beatty needs fire). Therefore, the connotation of fire is still negative, but it is approaching a neutral connotation.
At this point in the novel - the end, the connotation of fire as a symbol is finally positive. Fire is being used as a symbol for rebirth and renewal. At this point in the novel, Montag exits the river and the first thing he sees is the fire, meaning that the fire resembles rebirth. Also, fire is used in the sense that it was warming, which shows that this is the point in the novel where the connotation fully shifts over to positive. Therefore, the symbolism of fire gradually shifts from having a negative connotation to a positive connotation.
According to this quote fire is being used as a method of destroying problems and choosing to avoid reality. Since the people of their society are full of ignorance and are very close-minded, rather than facing their responsibilities and problems, they choose to destroy them with fire. Their society has decided that taking the easy way out of a problem is the best way to deal with something. In this quote, fire symbolizes the idea that an individual doesn't have to face any consequences or deal with their responsibilities, they can just burn and destroy them. For example, in the novel, firemen believe that books are a problem and need to be dealt with, rather than finding reasons and proving why books are a cause of corruption they choose to burn them and act as if they never even existed. In this situation fire symbolizes the laziness of society, and shows that their society would rather destroy what comes in their way rather than fight it off and prove its negative influence.
In this quote, the connotation of fire's symbolism shifts to a more neutral approach. Montag actually appreciates the use of fire, like he did in the beginning of the novel. However, the meaning of the symbol changes. This time, fire represents a solution, or a way of staying in control. Therefore, the connotation of the symbol is beginning to turn towards the positive end of the spectrum, and continues to do so until the end of the novel.

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By: Merisa, Shriya, and Aaron Fahrenheit 451 Literary Development-Symbolism of Fire "Always at night the alarm comes. Never by day! Is it because the fire is prettier at night? More of a show?" (Bradbury 37).Light the first page,light the second page. Each becomes a black butterfly. Beautiful, eh?

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The symbolism of fire in fahrenheit 451
One meaning of fire in Fahrenheit 451 is control and censorship, because the firemen started fires as a means of control over the citizens.

FIRE
censorship
control
destruction
rebirth
phoenix
killing
flamethrower
purifying
book
burnings
Life
warmth
salamander
ash
fluttering birds
matches
giving
providing
FEAR
For Captain Beatty, fire is a means of censorship and control.
He uses it to intimidate the citizens of Fahrenheit 451, as well as a means of garbage disposal.
The old woman is a good example of Beatty's idea of fire.

When she isn't intimidated by him, he burns her house to the ground, with her still inside it, disposing of her like trash because she became too burdensome.

She also shows Montag the dark side of his job and makes him question whether the burning is a good thing.
Granger sees fire as a source of warmth and as a life-giver. To him it is constructive, giving life through food and warmth. It allows for a new world to emerge, relating his concept of fire to the symbolism of the phoenix in Fahrenheit 451. The phoenix uses fire as a means to regenerate, or start anew.
The words in the fire, and the pictures relate to the dual meanings of fire in Fahrenheit 451
The other meaning of fire in Fahrenheit 451 is of giving life and warmth, and enabling new life to start among the ashes of the war.
Fire represents purification for Montag, and allows everyone to be the same. He believes it to be an equalizer, making all men similar.
Fire is an archetypal symbol with two distinct ideas represented in Fahrenheit 451.
"Its real beauty is that it destroys responsabilities and consequences. A problem gets too burdensome, then into the furnace with it...clean, quick, sure; nothing to rot later."(109)
"The important thing for you to remember, Montag, is we're the Happiness Boys... you and I and the others. We stand against the small tide of those who want to make everyone unhappy with conflicting theory and thought. We have our fingers in the dike. Hold steady. Don't let the torrent of melancholy and drear philosophy drown our world." (62)
"There must be something in books, things we can't imagine, to make a woman stay in a burning house; there must be something there. You don't stay for nothing." (51)
Montag says this after he sees the old woman burn to death. This is the beginning of his doubts about his job.
"Play the man, Master Ridley; we shall this day light such a candle, by God's grace, in England, as I trust shall never be put out." (51)
This quote shows the old woman's use of fire, in this case a candle, to mean hope. She hopes that she will become a beacon for others to see the wrongness of the book burnings.

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The symbolism of fire in fahrenheit 451 One meaning of fire in Fahrenheit 451 is control and censorship, because the firemen started fires as a means of control over the citizens. FIRE censorshipcontroldestructionrebirthphoenixkillingflamethrowerpurifyingbookburningsLifewarmthsalamanderashfluttering birdsmatchesgiving providingFEARFor Captain Beatty, fire is a means of censorship and control.He uses it to intimidate the citizens of Fahrenheit 451, as well as a means of garbage disposal.

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