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Remove the ending.

Add "ie", "a" or "o".

Change vowel ending.

Longer OR shorter.

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ORIGINS:

dialects of British English (mate)

Irish: Gaelic languages  (Sheila-slang for woman)

Indigenous Australian languages (koala, dingo, kangaroo)

Polynesian languages

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Compare with RP:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/RP_English_diphthongs_chart.svg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/RP_English_monophthongs_chart.svg

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Non-rhotic

Intrusive /r/

Linking /r/

Flapping /t/ and /d/

Dark /l/

High rising terminal or "upspeak" = "Australian Question Intonation"

Monophthongs and diphthongs.

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"No other class of society would use slang more readily or adapt it more expertly to their new environment; no other class would have a better flair for concocting new terms to fit in with their new conditions in life "

"Australians who use these diminutives might be trying to sound less pretentious, more casual and more friendly than they would by using the full words."

"It is the extraordinary intonation that the Australian imparts to his phrases. There is no such thing as cultured, reposeful conversation in this land; everybody sings his remarks as if he was reciting blank verse in the manner of an imperfect elocutionist."

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levelling down
1st spoken by the children of the colonists
Non-english speakers
Recognised as being different from British English by 1820.

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11 ships that founded the first penal colony
Two Royal Navy vessels, three store ships and six convict transports.
Carrying between 1,000 and 1,500 convicts, marines, seamen, civil officers and free people.

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Indigenous population: 750,000 - 1,000,000

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Commonwealth of Australia

Population: 24,483,100.

Native speakers: 13.2 million in Australia (2013).

L2 speakers of English: 3.5 million  in Australia (Crystal 2003).

No official language.

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Officially the Commonwealth of Australia, the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

Population of 24 million.

Native speakers: 13.2 million in Australia (2013) // 3.5 million L2 speakers of English in Australia (Crystal 2003)

No official language.

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Tasmania's Port Arthur penal settlement.

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Tasmania's Port Arthur penal settlement.

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One of eleven UNESCO World Heritage-listed Australian Convict Sites.

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Women in England mourning their lovers who are soon to be transported to Botany Bay, 1792

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A General Chart of Terra Australis or Australia (history)

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A General Chart of Terra Australis or Australia (history)

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Started by explorer Matthew Flinders (1774-1814) and completed by Lieutenant Phillip Parker King. (National Library of Australia)

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Strine (Australian English); How it Differs from British and American English

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Strine (Australian English); How it Differs from British and American English

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http://www.convictcreations.com/culture/strine.htm

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The story behind 'Australian English': why we talk the way we do

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The story behind 'Australian English': why we talk the way we do

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http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-03-16/the-story-behind-australian-english/6315078

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Summary: most info can be found on this video

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Summary: most info can be found on this video

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9cIniVl0bg

"How's your day BIN?"

"You're going home toDIE."

"how = heu"

"butter"

dark /L/ "coal" - "howl = how"

high rising terminal or upspeak = australian question intonation

hipocoristics

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How to speak Australian : Abbreviate Everything

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How to speak Australian : Abbreviate Everything

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDb_WsAt_Z0

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Non rohtic like GB
Intrusive and linking
/t/ and /d/ sound "flapping" like GA
Vocabulary similar to GB
Exposure/vocabulay/pronunciation
Slang.