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-> In your opinion, what is the best approach to limit the impact of the tragedy of the commons on climate change ?
-> Do you believe that self-managed CPR can actually limit the damage of the tragedy of the commons ? Or is it utopic ?

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- Are some things still unclear?
- What did you think of the seminar?

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In practice... The solution of self-organised community to manage CPR's 

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In practice... The solution of self-organised community to manage CPR's 

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Watch until 2:30

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Have You Ever Wanted To Drop Out Of Capitalism? | Outliers Ep. 1

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In the readings, Garrett Hardin (1968) discusses three potential  approaches to reduce the implication of the common good tragedy:
• Raise of consciousness
•Mutual coercion
•Recognition of Necessity

-> Discuss these different approaches, and their relevance regarding climate change.

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Climate change: The ultimate Tragedy of the common ?

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Climate change: The ultimate Tragedy of the common ?

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Paavola( 2008): "Atmospheric sinks for GHGs can be understood as a common- pool resource(CPR) just like an aquifer or a fishery. Atmospheric GHG sinks fulfill the first condition of being a CPR because the use of units of sink services is rival or subtractable: a unit used by one user is not available to others"

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->Discuss how fast fashion is related to the tragedy of the commons

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Braun (2002) states:  “As each person or team increases their demands and expectations of the commons in the name of their own goals, the commons itself finds itself under steadily increasing pressure to perform while simultaneously feeling that its control over its own destiny steadily erodes toward collapse”

How can you link this statement to the fast fashion graph above?

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'Ostrom (2010) questions Hardin's claim that privatization (the market) or (government) regulation (the state) are the only two solutions to a looming tragedy of the commons' (Van Laerhoven & Barnes, 2014)

What is Ostrom's main point of critique?

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According to you, are some design principles more important than others?

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'The use of summer pastures in the European Alps provides much evidence against Hardin’s prediction of the tragedy of the commons' (Baur & Nax, 2018)

Can you think of any other examples that could prove Hardin's prediction wrong?

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What is the difference between provision and appropriation dilemmas?

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Q1: In your own words, how would you describe the different kind of goods?

Q2: So, what exactly are common goods?

Q3: What do you understand about the concepts of excludibility and subtractibility in relation to the different kind of goods?

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What is the tragedy of the commons? - Nicholas Amendolare

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Did you have any difficulty with the readings?

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• Understanding the key concepts related to the collective action theories.
• Critically analyzing the tragedy of the commons from different perspectives.
• Investigating the link between fast fashion and the tragedy of the commons.
• Acknowledging the impact of tragedy of the goods on the environment.
• Debating the relevance of different solutions regarding the negative impact of the tragedy of the commons on climate change.

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• Key concepts
• Case study: Fast Fashion
• Critique of the theory
• The tragedy of common goods & environmental implications
• Debate
• Final reflection