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Skeletal muscle relaxants

Nursing interventions: Before giving the first dose ask the patient if they have any seizure disorders because this drug can lower the seizure threshold .

Patient teaching: I would tell the patient not to drink while taking this medication or any other CNS depressants because they can intensify the effects in the CNS .

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Anticonvulsants - Pregabalin (Lyrica)

Pregabalin is an anti-anxiety and anti-epilepsy drug. This medication is also used to alleviate nerve agony. Nerve pain can be caused by a number of conditions, such as diabetes or shingles, or by an incident. Pregabalin acts in a number of ways:

* reduces abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which prevents seizures in people with epilepsy.
* prevents pain by altering pain impulses traveling through the brain and down the spine in the case of nerve pain.
* prevents your brain from producing the chemicals that cause anxiety.

Pregabalin is only accessible with a doctor's prescription. It comes in three forms capsules, pills, or a liquid that you drink.
Pregabalin is often used twice or three times each day. It can be taken with or without meals. Pregabalin is commonly used to treat epilepsy, however it can also be used to treat pain or anxiety if you do not have epilepsy. Pregabalin takes at least a few weeks to act. Pregabalin side effects are often minimal and resolve on their own. The most prevalent are sleepiness, dizziness, and headaches. Pregabalin must be taken on a regular basis if you have epilepsy. Seizures might occur if you miss a dosage.

Patient Teaching

Pregabalin is a medication that requires a prescription. It is critical that you take it exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It may not be appropriate for those over the age of 65. It should not be given to adolescents under the age of 18. Pregabalin is often used in dosages ranging from 150mg to 600mg per day, divided into two or three doses. When taking pregabalin as a liquid, 2.5ml is generally equivalent to one 50mg pill. Always double-check the label. Side effects include:

headaches

feeling sleepy, tired or dizzy

diarrhea

mood changes

feeling sick

swollen hands, arms, legs and feet

blurred vision

difficulties with getting an erection

weight gain – because pregabalin can make you feel hungry

memory problems

Continue taking the medication, but notify your doctor if any of these adverse effects trouble you or do not go away.

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Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is a drug that is used to treat mild to moderate pain. It is available as an over the counter or can prescribed by a physician.  This drug is typically administered orally.

Patient teaching

Take acetaminophen exactly as directed on the label. An overdose can damage your liver or cause death. Adults should not consume more than 4000mg within 24 hours.  A child's dose is based on age and weight. Common conditions treated include headache, muscle aches, arthritis, backache, toothaches, sore throat, colds, flu, and fevers.

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Anticonvulsants-
They are used for seizures and pain. Two of the most common are Gabapentin and Pregabalin. They are also known as anti- depressants.
Gabapentin
Can be given orally and comes in a capsule form, a tablet or compound liquid.
Can be given with or without food. Give with a full 8 oz glass of water. This medication should be given out two to three times a day no more than 12 hours between doses.
Do not take more than prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it longer than the doctor has prescribed. This medicine works best if a constant amount is in the blood. keep out of reach of children. Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine that is no longer needed. Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature away from heat moisture, and direct light.
Side effects include feeling sleepy, tired or dizzy. As your body gets used to this medicine the side effects will weaken or ware off. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mood changes, swollen arms and legs, blurred vision, dry mouth, difficulty getting an erection, weight gain, memory problems headaches may occur. If these side effects occur and continue consult with your doctor right away.

Side effects include

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Antidepressants
These are drugs used to treat major depressive disorders. They can also treat anxiety disorders as well as some chronic pain.
Prozac (Fluoxetine) is used to treat depression as well as panic attacks, OCD, and bulimia. It is recommended for an adult to take 20 mg orally once in the morning and once in the evening. It is discouraged to exceed 80 mg a day.
Side effects of Prozac include drowsiness, dizziness, anxiety, headache and nausea.
Patient teaching would include making the patient and family aware that symptoms may occur quickly after taking the medication so use caution when operating vehicles or machinery as well as doing any strenuous exercise. To prevent this take medication an hour before you need to go somewhere or have something planned so side effects kick in early and you are able to adjust accordingly.

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Gabapentin
An anticonvulsant and Nerve pain medication. It can treat seizures and pain caused by shingles. Other name associated with this brand is Gralise, neuraptine, and Neurontin. Prescription is needed. Do not use with Alcohol, consult with doctor if pregnant.
300 MG / capsule.
Qty:60
Yellow oblong-shaped CAPSULE imprinted with 300 MG on one side and IG322 on the other.
Take 1 capsule by mouth twice a day for 30 days.
One in the morning and one in the evening.
May cause drowsiness. Use car when operating a vehicle, vessel, or machine.
May cause dizziness.
May cause blurred vision.
Call doctor if you experience mood changes, sadness, depression or fear.

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Anti-convulsants:
They are used for seizures as well as pain management and migraines. The two common anticonvulsants are also antidepressants- gabapentin and pregabalin. These two are also considered anti-depressants.

Anti-convulsants are usually administered by mouth but can take 2 to 4 for the body to respond to the medication. In those 2 to 4 weeks, side effects may be higher/ more intense until the body gets used to the medication.

Seizures happen when one or more parts of the brain has a burst of abdnormal electrical signals that interrupt the normal brain signal. Anti convulsants work by reducing the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that cause seizures.

When anti-convulsants are being for pain management, they work by decreasing conductance in sodium channels and inhibiting ectopic discharges.

Side effects include: dizziness, drowiness, fatigue, nausea, tremor, weight gain and rash

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Relaxants

Relaxants are drugs used to prevent or reduce muscles spams. They are normally prescribed because to help with acute pains usually, to relieve stress, pain, or spasms from musculoskeletal conditions.

Normally taken by mouth, through tablets capsules or liquids, and recommended doses are 5mg but adults can sometimes have up to 10 mg 3 times a day.

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Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is used to manage moderate to mild pain.
Children should not take it because it is associated with the development of Reyes syndrome.
A nursing intervention is to make sure to ask the resident or patient if they have ever used it and did they have any problems associated with it, because acetaminophen can be toxic to the liver and should not be taken by anyone who already has liver damage.
You can teach the patient or resident that they should only take the dosage that is prescribed by the healthcare provider and no other dosage that has not been prescribed.

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Antidepressants

Antidepressants are used to alter the concentration of neurotransmitters in the brain that is responsible for the depressed affect.

Antidepressants are prescribed when the individual is experiencing any type of clinical depression. They are given to the patient orally and monitored for months on how effective it is. Antidepressants can also treat pain such as: fibromyalgia, low back pain, and arthritis.

Antidepressants should be used for up tp 6 to 9 months before being taken off. If more occurrences of depression have occurred, the longer you should take antidepressants.

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Cyclobenzaprine (Felxeril)
Skeletal muscle relaxant

5mg orally by mouth 3 times daily as needed for pain or muscle spasms. please take as recommended, if pain is worsening DO NOT exceed(double)dosage.

if you are not able to the whole pill please do not chew or crush them, you can mix pill with applesauce

It's used to treat skeletal muscle conditions such as muscle stiffness or pain.

patient teaching

taking muscle relaxer without consulting with a doctor while your on other medication such as anti-depressants, MAO inhibitors may result in drug interaction

While on this medication I would take precautions while  operating any vehicles may cause drowsiness,dizziness
other side effects my be unusual thoughts or dreams, problems with urinating, ring or buzzing to the ears it can cause mental depression and also yellowish tint to skin or eye and also small rashes these are some things to look out for it you are very having any of these problems or any other problems consult with your doctor immediately.
while

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Zoloft would be prescribed to a patient for depression, but they also decrease neuropathic pain and cancer pain.
The patient would need to take this medication for 1-2 weeks before they start to feel the effects of the medication. A headache, nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, insomnia, tremors, and sexual dysfunction are the most common side effects. May cause drowsiness but is less likely than many other antidepressants to do so. However, caution should still be used when driving or operating machinery until the full effects of the drug are known. Investigate any unexplained bone pain, tenderness, swelling, or bruising since bone fragility fractures have been associated with antidepressant treatment. Avoid alcohol with this drug! This drug should be taken exactly as perscribed.
The nurse should ask about and assess the patients mental health status. Also, ask about other drugs the patient is taking to prevent serotonin syndrome.
Antidepressants work for pain management by increasing the natural number of opioids in the brain and reducing the depression that typically comes from chronic pain.

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Antidepressants

Patient teaching

Antidepressants should usually be taken 1 or 2 weeks before feeling any relief from pain. They are given orally and start at lowest dose possible to improve symptoms.

Antidepressants should not be stopped suddenly. Doing so may cause withdrawal symptoms and relapse of depressive symptoms.

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Acetaminophen-
patient teaching

Acetaminophen should be taken for pain as needed every 4-6 hours. One should not exceed 1000 mg per dose and should not exceed 4000 mg in a 24 hour period.

High doses of Acetaminophen Over a long duration of time can cause liver failure. You should Have routine blood work to check for liver failure. If you notice yellowing of the skin or eyes you should discontinue acetaminophen and contact your doctor immediately.

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skeletal muscle relaxants- nursing teaching

Methocarbamol 1.5g orally every 6 hours

make sure you do not chew, open, crush, bite, or cut them.
Do not drink alcohol or take any other CNS depressants.
The side effects may case drowsiness, dizziness, upset stomach, blurred vision, fever, and black, blue, or green discoloration of the urine.
If the urine changes colors it is considered harmless.

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Skeletal muscle relaxants- Nursing teaching

Cyclobenzaprine 5-10 mg orally every 8hrs
may cause drowsiness and do not drink alcohol it can intensify the effects.
Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant and relaxes the body. and drinking alcohol can increase the nervous system side effects causing dizziness, and drowsiness.

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Antidepressants - Nursing teaching

These are to be taken orally.
Take only the recommended dose.
May take 1-2 weeks to fully feel the releif of pain.

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Pick one medication listed about, add one nursing intervention, and what the nurse would teach the patient.