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Stylistic Devices:
Visual Imagery - Used throughout the poem: for example, the word dark is used a lot to signify racism against blacks
Metaphor and symbolism  - Red sea is a metaphor for bloodshed
Simile - Look at me - I am dark as the night
Anaphora - Remember my sweat, my pain, my despair.
Remember my years, heavy with sorrow, remember is repeated at the start of sentences
Remember the whip and the slaver's track.
Remember how the strong in struggle and strife

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racial discrimination
oppression
slave trade

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Task - Identify the Big 5 from the poem 'Negro Mother' by Langston Huges.

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talks about how the bird is caged and wants freedom and tries to get attention by singing so hopefully he can get rescued
audience and purpose this poem tells us about freedom and is to sow us that

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Slavery and its connotation

Freedom and the lack of

equality

Oppression

systemic mistreatment

racism

Discrimination

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Negro Mother-
1)  Negro first means a member of a dark skinned group of people which probably is a poem that talks about discrimination.
Mother is the next term which refers to a women who gives birth and who has the physical and emotional care of a specific child.
-Slavery
-Opression

Stylistic Devices:-
The speaker uses a metaphor when she decribes "The long black way/ that (She) had to climb...." She had not literally physically climbed but climed through a dark part and she compares her difficault life (Doubley opressed both gender and colour of skin).

She says her face is "Dark as the night" and yet it is "Shinning like the sun with love's true light". This is also a paradox...How can her face be both dark and shinning? Her skin is dark, but the love within her soul seems to shine through her skin.

"I noutished the dream"- Personification.

CAGED BIRD:-
The poem describes the opposing experiences between two birds: one bird is able to live in nature as it pleases, while a different caged bird suffers in captivity. Due to its profound suffering, the caged bird sings, both to cope with its circumstances and to express its own longing for freedom. Using the metaphor of the two birds, Angelou paints a critical portrait of oppression in which she illestrates the privilege and  of the un-oppressed, and conveys the simultaneous experience of suffering . In particular, the poem's extended metaphor can be seen as portraying the experience of being a member of the African American community.

Audience: African American Society
Purpose: The caged bird represents the speaker's sense of being trapped as the result of racism and oppression. The poem draws the comparison between the free bird and the caged bird to show what the kind of life the caged bird is meant to live.
Tone: Isolation contrasted with hope
Mood: I felt very sad about why we as humans tend to maintain a certain standard of living and claim that we are much more superior. I felt happy to that Maya angelou was able to think about this issue and express it very upstandingly.
Themes:-
1) Freedom vs. Captivity
The poem “Caged Bird” compares and contrasts the experience of a free bird with that of a bird held in captivity. While part of this contrast is meant to convey the injustice forced upon the captive bird, the comparison also allows the poem to explore how a free being thinks and acts, and to argue that freedom is a natural state for living beings. he caged bird’s longing for freedom also demonstrates the black community's resilience against this oppression. The cage—which is described as "narrow"—holds the bird captive, preventing it from living and moving freely. This cage comes to define the bird and strip it of its identity, indicated by the fact that the bird is referred to as the "caged bird" for the majority of the poem. As a symbol, the cage is meant to evoke the cultural and historical oppression of the African American community and its suffering as a result of that oppression—thus, the cage could be seen as representing the literal and legal enslavement of Africans in the United States, which ended in 1865.

Stylistic Devices:-
Symbolism:-

Line 9: “narrow cage”

Line 11: “his bars of rage”

"Bars of rage"- Personaification

Line 15: “caged”

Line 21: “caged”

Line 27: “caged”

Line 31: “caged”

Line 37: “caged”

Again, she uses metaphors in the use of two birds — “free bird” and “caged bird”. The free bird represents the privileged section of the society whereas the caged one signifies the underprivileged.

The poet uses metaphor (an indirect comparison) when she compares wind to water. The words ‘downstream’ and ‘current’ make us think of the tides in a sea or ocean.

Repitition:-
can seldom see through (repetition of ‘s’ sound)
and the fat worms waiting on a dawn bright lawn
his shadow shouts on a nightmare screams

Angelou has used vivid imageries. ‘Orange sun rays’, ‘distant hills’, fat worms’ etc are examples of visual imageries while ‘sighing trees’, ‘nightmare scream’ and ‘fearful trill’ are auditory imageries.

Pesonification:-
The poet personifies (applies human characteristics) the two birds when she says —
‘dips his wing’, ‘dares to claim the sky’, ‘name the sky his own’, ‘opens his throat to sing’, ‘sings of freedom’ etc.

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- Racial discrimination
- Slave Trade
- Freedom
- Equality
- Oppression
- Mistreatment
literary devices:
.Metaphor: "The long dark way" she is not literally physical climbing a darkened path but figuratively, she compares her difficult life to a path.
.Paradox: she says her face is " dark as the night" and also " shining like the sun with love's true light" how is her face dark as well as shining like the sun.
Big 5 analysis

Audience/purpose: Its mainly aimed at the African community, as they represent the caged bird in the poem, and the white community, which represent the arrogant free bird. The purpose of the poem is to show how the African community suffered because of the slave trade, and how they are still suffering after it.

Content/theme: The poem is about a bird trapped in a cage( representing the black community) and how it sings all day about freedom, which it knows it will never be able to achieve, just like the African slaves, and the free bird(this represents the white community), who is allowed to do whatever it wants and have access to fat juicy worms( this represents land or other privileges only white people are allowed to have), as time goes by the freed bird gets arrogant and decides that it is the king of the world, and everything and everyone else are inferior. The themes in the poem include: Slavery, Freedom, White Superiority, Racism, and Discrimination.

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Slave trade
Discrimination
Mistreatment
Struggles of life in that era
Oppression

Stylistic devices

Visual imagery- explained through the text as it is descriptive
Rhyming scheme -AABB
Simile- Dark as the night
Metaphor- Carrying in my body the seed of the free
Metaphor- I am the dark girl who crossed the red sea- red could be blood because people died- Also a biblical illusion.

Big 5
Audience - The society
Purpose- To spread awareness about how Africans felt and how they felt "caged" up.
Theme- The theme in the poem could be the social injustice towards people. Racism being one of them and how people were treated unequally.
Content-The content shows the struggles of the Africans compared to the lives of the whites.
Another theme could be the enslavement vs freedom. One of the birds is able to do what they want and be free whereas the other bird is caged up and cant do much.
Mood-Sad, sympathy. These can be shown because it is truly sad to see what struggles people had to go through and how people were treated differently because of the colour of their skin.
Tone- A tone in the poem could be Hope, people had(have) hope that they will be treated equally and wont be a caged bird but a free one.
Stylistic devices
No rhyming pattern.
Metaphors-the entire poem shows metaphors, for example birds being caged up compared to birds being free shows the history of Africans and whites.

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Main ides - The negro Mother by Langston Huges
The poem talks about a negro mother who has suffered most of her life! After all the suffering, she has a goal in mind. She will do anything to achieve her goal of equal rights between all races. She tells her children and future generations, how she suffered and how they should remember that and due to it fight for equal rights!
- Rhyme scheme: Couplet

Literary devices.....
Simile and paradox " dark as the night".
Visual imagery and biblical illusion " red sea"
Metaphor:  "sun with love's true light"
Personification "the valley was filled with tears," and "lonely years."
Personification "I nourished the dream that nothing could smother"

Caged bird, by Maya Angelou
Audience - Society (In general), and white people who believe in racial superioroty.
Purpose - To spread awareness and the feelings of how trapped and caged the blacks felt at the time and how white people were completely free and were always dreaming of new things. It also spreads awareness on how blacks sang and wished to achieve freedom.
Tone - Passionate, ,Meaningful, Hopeful, A mix of happiness and sadness.
Mood - Sympathetic, guilty, sad.
Theme  - Racial discrimination, Suffering of a whole race, lack of freedom, hope, espression, enslavement and experience of the african americans.
Content - Maya Angelou represents the suffering of the Blacks in the 19th century through a caged bird. The poem talks about a free bird who is not bound by anything. The free bird represents the whites. The caged bird has tied feet and clipped wings and who represents the black's. There is a contrast of actions between the free bird and the caged bird. The caged bird opens his throat to sing, because that is his only his freedom of expression. He cannot claim the sky, his entire world is is cage. He has no idea what the world has to offer, but longs and hopes for it. He hopes and thinks of freedom! In the same world there are free and caged birds. The free birds has privilege's and freedom. Maya Angelou is talking about the marginalized group of people.
Structure - Rhyme scheme ABAB. 6 stanzas.
Literary devices -
Visual imagery..
"orange sun rays"
Personification..
" bars of rage"
"grave of dreams "
" shadow shouts on a nightmare scream "
Auditory imagery..
"fearful trill "

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Rhyme scheme - couplet - AABB
Audience - The younger African American Generation
Mood -

- Discrimination for the Negroes (Derogatory term for African-Americans)
- Slavery
- Dehumanization of African Americans
- Doubly Oppressed
- Freedom
- Hope
- Moving forward

Literary Devices -
Simile - shining like the sun, a dream like steel
Visual Imagery and Biblical Illusion - Red Sea
Personification -  I nourished the dream that nothing could smother
Symbolism - the Negro Mother herself, Valley filled with tears,

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Caged Bird - Maya Angelou

Audience -
Purpose -
Themes -
- Enslavement vs Freedom
- Human Rights
-

Literary Devices -
- Metaphor - bars of rage, a grave of dreams
- Personification - back of the wind, sighing wind,

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- Struggles of the previous generations
- Fight against racism and segregation
- Dreams of previous generations in the next generation of African Americans - Hope for the future
- Mother signifies the slave generation, and how they have cared for the next generation until they can fight for themselves.

Stylistic Devices -
- Visual Imagery - "I am the dark girl who crossed the red sea"(metaphor)
- Metaphor - "Sometimes, the road was hot with the sun, But I had to keep on till my work was done"
"The long dark way"
- Paradox - "Dark as the night - yet shining like the sun with love's true light"
- Personification - "I nourished the dream"

Caged Bird -

Audience - Younger Generation
Purpose - To show the stark contrast between the lives of white and black Americans at the time
Tone - Sorrowful, Persevering
Mood - Resilient and Reflective
Themes - Freedom v/s Oppression, African American Experience, Freedom is a right.
Literary Devices - Metaphor (bars of rage)

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Kilian Hennig- Main ideas in The Negro Mother

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Kilian Hennig- Main ideas in The Negro Mother

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-fighting for equal rights
-Oppression
-slave trade
-struggles of the black (mainly the women)

literary devices:
-dream like steel
-unmoving/ unwavering to fulfill it
-red sea
-biblical illusion
-bloodshed
-geographical location
-seed of free
-different meaning is hope for  freedom

Caged Bird:
Audience & Purpose
Structure
Literary devices
Tone & Mod

>_<

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Negro Mother:
- Racial Discrimination
- Talks about the hardships that slaves went through
-  Oppression: as a female and African-American
Stylistic Devices:
- Simile : "Yet shinning like the sun with love's true light"
- Personification: "sometimes, the valley was filled with tears"

Caged Bird:
Audience -

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Negro Mother by Langston Hughes:
- Racial discrimination
- Slave trade (hardships, torture, mistreatment)
- Doubly oppressed
- Hope for equal rights in the future
- Rhyme scheme: Couplet
Stylistic devices:
- Visual imagery ( "I am the dark girl who crossed the red sea", or "Look at my face - dark as the night -
Yet shining like the sun with love's true light.")
- Paradox ("Look at my face - dark as the night - Yet shining like the sun with love's true light. )
- Simile (Look at my face - dark as the night")
- The speaker herself becomes symbolic of the infant abducted from Africa; of the child who crossed the sea; of the slave woman who worked the field; of the slave who was beaten, sold, and separated from her family; and so on: the speaker is a symbol of all these other persons of colour who have suffered and longed for the chance to be free.
- Metaphor/ biblical allusion ("I am the dark girl who crossed the red sea")
- Personification ("I nourished the dream that nothing could smother")

Caged Bird by Maya Angelou:
Audience: 20th century society
Purpose: To spread awareness about the struggles and oppression that African Americans faced while being enslaved in America.
Themes:
- Enslavement VS freedom ("But a caged bird stands on the grave of dreams his shadow shouts on a nightmare scream" VS "The free bird thinks of another breeze and the trade winds soft through the sighing trees")
- Oppression and the African-American Experience (how the younger generation is constantly conflicted with their identity)
- Freedom as a natural and universal right (Even as "Caged Bird" explores the behaviour of the free and the captive, it also makes clear that the desire for freedom is an organic, universal impulse that cannot be bound or destroyed. The poem states that the caged bird sings “of things unknown / but longed for still.” The speaker then clarifies: “the caged bird / sings of freedom.” Because freedom is a thing “unknown” to the caged bird, the implication is that the caged bird was not taken from his natural environment, but rather was likely born in his cage and has never known anything else. )

Poetic devices:
- This caged bird is an extended metaphor for the African American community’s past and on-going experience of race-based oppression in the United States in particular.
- The cage could be seen as representing the literal and legal enslavement of Africans in the United States, which ended in 1865.

Tone: Melancholic, optimistic, angry, frustrated, perseverant

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- Racial discrimination
- Slave trade
- Hardships a mother has to face
- Segregation (between dark and light skin)
- Struggle of slaves
- Dream of freedom

- Literary devices:
- Metaphor:I am the dark girl who crossed the Red sea (visual imagery and metaphor and historical reference)
-  Paradox (Look at my face - dark as the night - Yet shining like the sun with love's true light.)
-  Personification: (I nourished the dream that nothing could smothe)
- Similie: (Dark as the night)
- The speaker becomes symbolic of the abducted slaves from africa
- Metaphor: (God put a dream like steel in my soul)
- Anaphora (Remember my sweat, my pain, my despair.)
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Big 5 - Caged Bird by Maya Angelou
- Audience: The audience of the poem is the general public, and all African Americans.
Purpose: The purpose of the poem is to make people aware of the hardships that African Americans have faced, and also to make sense of what happened to her. Her poem also gives other survivors of rape, racism, etc hope.
- Tone: The tone is melancholic and hopeful