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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1G48cLrVhNchLdYsL3uNtJc4OZ02dyeOl1lqQRLh2QLI/edit

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q16OZkgSXfM

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Westward Expansion: Crash Course US History #24

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C5SWDeIgNpE

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Because of the belief in the Manifest Destiny, Americans believed they were right to expand westward, even if that meant confront Native Americans. For the non-peaceful encounters, Americans killed many natives who rebelled.

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Americans traveled westward for the incentives of exploration. land, trade, and a new life. The Mormons traveled west to escape persecution. In other words, they sought religious freedom in a new home westward.

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The figure here, called Columbia, is a personification of the Western expansion. She is bring light from the east to the west, stringing electrical wires (representing modern society) and carrying a book (representing learning and knowledge).

Also, The different forms of transportation are illustrated in this picture.

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http://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2013/11/171075274-H.jpeg

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[McKenney, Thomas Loraine, James Hall, and Charles Bird King. Chief Black Hawk. Digital image. Wikimedia Commons. N.p., 12 July 2009. Web. 9 Oct. 2016.]

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One instance where Native Americans resisted western domineer was in 1832, in what is named the Black Hawk War. Chief Black Hawk of the Sauk tribe led a preemptive rebellion against the U.S. in Illinois.

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However, westward expansion consequently disturbed the natives that the Anglo-Saxon Americans encountered. Contact with westerners threatened Native American traditions and culture, and the Americans swept their ancestral homes in the process of expanding. Native Americans generally resisted western intrusion, either by defending their land by bearing arms, attempting to negotiate with westerners, or by reluctantly fleeing their land. However, some chose to assimilate the western culture, believing perhaps in the superiority of their advances.

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What were the motivations for European-Americans to settle the West before 1865?

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How were Native peoples treated by the European Americans settlers, and how did they resist and negotiate with them?

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Following Jefferson’s Louisiana Purchase in 1803, Americans became obsessed with exploring and expanding across North America. In addition to an exponentially enlarging American population, Americans believed that the United States would establish itself as an expanding republic spreading the blessings of democracy in its path. This belief is known as the “manifest destiny”, where “manifest” suggests that the Americans’ destiny to expand westward was clearly inevitable and justified (ordained by God). Americans had practical reasons, too. The promise of a fresh start, the abundance of sprawling unclaimed land, and the incentives of new markets and trade opportunities across the Pacific were primary enticements to journey west.

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The Mormons led by Joseph Smith traveled west and settled in Nauvoo, Illinois in 1839. Anti-Mormons protested and later killed Smith and his brother. Smith’s successor, Brigham Young, moved his followers to Nebraska, across Wyoming to the Rockies, and to the Great Salt Lake.

http://sunnycv.com/steve/civilwar/01/images/91511.jpg

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The Americans' popular belief prevalent in the middle and late 19th century that it was the United States’ destiny to expand its nation’s borders and culture across the entirety of North America.

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Methodist missionaries, Marcus and Narcissa Whitman, used the Oregon Trail to preach Christianity to Native Americans. Their journeys reported back positive feedback, which Americans followed. Many people died from fever, diarrhea, and cholera

http://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2015/11/GettyImages-3090888-E.jpeg

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The trek west was perilous for thousands of U.S settlers who used a series of trails.

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One of the busiest was the Santa Fe Trail, which led 780 miles from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, Mexico. Traders traveled alone for the first 150 miles, then traveled for silver, gold, and furs.
http://www.kawmission.org/places/kawmission/graphics/santafetrail600.jpg

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https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/10kMiles.JPG/320px-10kMiles.JPG

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“Has the Native American no rights that the naturalized American is bound to respect?”
- Thomas Nast

[Nast, Thomas. "Move On!" Digital image. Mr. Breslau's Weblog. N.p., 7 Aug. 2007. Web. 6 Oct. 2016.]

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The growing demand for land in America caused President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act on May 28, 1830. This policy gave Jackson the right to negotiate removal treaties with certain tribes. This treaty allowed America to obtain all land east of the Mississippi and relocate west to areas specifically given to us. Some tribes went peacefully, and others refused to leave their homelands. The Second Seminole War caused thousands of deaths, and ended in an estimated 4,000 deaths.

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As a direct result of the wave of nationalism rocking the country and a growing demand from European Americans for more land on which to settle, President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act on May 28, 1830. The policy gave Jackson the right to negotiate removal treaties with certain tribes. These treaties compelled them to give up lands east of the Mississippi and relocate west to areas specifically delegated to them. Some tribes went peacefully, and others refused to leave their homelands. The Second Seminole War caused thousands of deaths, and the brutal westward march of the Cherokee Nation ended in an estimated 4,000 deaths due to starvation, exhaustion, disease and exposure.
Learn more about US History

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How Did "Manifest Destiny" Affect Native Americans?

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As a direct result of the wave of nationalism rocking the country and a growing demand from European Americans for more land on which to settle, President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act on May 28, 1830. The policy gave Jackson the right to negotiate removal treaties with certain tribes.

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Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way

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Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way

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[Leutze, Emanuel. Title Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way. Digital image. Wikimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2016.]

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgHHf_WvHLg

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US History project. Parody for the Manifest Destiny.

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Followers of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, a religion founded in the US in 1830 by Joseph Smith, Jr. They are also known as Latter-day Saints (LDS), or Saints.
http://www.catholic-convert.com/wp-content/uploads/bom.miss_.2.jpg

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[Gast, John. Manifest Destiny. Digital image. Wikimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2016.]