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Post hoc is a term that means one event is asserted to be the cause of a later event simply by virtue of having happened earlier

Verbal Example: Joan is scratched by a cat while visiting her friend. Two days later she comes down with a fever. Therefore, the cat's scratch must be the cause of her illness.
Visual Example: In the picture, the baby in the image has a dirty diaper after getting a vaccine. As a result, there is a person holding a sign saying vaccines cause dirty diapers.

Verbal example from:

http://www.nizkor.org/features/fallacies/post-hoc.html
Visual example from: https://sinteur.com/index.php/2009/10/page/2/

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Gracie Humphries, Lauren Bouldin, Spencer Willis

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Gracie Humphries, Lauren Bouldin, Spencer Willis

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Dramatic irony is the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.

Visual Example Explanation: The saying is "nothing is written in stone" but it's printed on a stone.

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Testimonial is a postive statement explaing the characteristics and values of a person and their acheivements

Verbal example: The woman left a review of how well the resturant service was

Verbal explantion:  This is a letter of reccomendation saying how strong of a worker Jane Doe is. It highlights her achievemnets and valuesin the letter.

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Verbal Irony (Jaylen Allen, Alyssa Gaines, & Emma Garrison)

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Verbal Irony (Jaylen Allen, Alyssa Gaines, & Emma Garrison)

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Verbal irony is the irony in which a person says one thing and means another thing.
The most common example of verbal  irony is sarcasm.
The following picture prevides and example of verbal irony using sarcasm.

Definition: Dictionary.com
Picture example: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjG79C5ptjPAhUMbT4KHaplByYQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fquotesgram.com%2Fverbal-irony-quotes%2F&psig=AFQjCNEjxLBSfxemYzxBC2Kp5Vx5Y8d6dg&ust=1476465926857588

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Hasty generalization is an informal fallacy of faulty generalization by reaching an inductive generalization based on insufficient evidence: Jumping to conclusions.

Verbal example:  My father smoked four packs of cigarettes a day since age fourteen and lived until age sixty-nine. Therefore, smoking really can’t be that bad for you.

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Red Herring is an irrelevant topic used in an argument to distract the listener/reader from the original problem or topic.
For example, if you're arguing about money and the other person brings up something about your parents that has nothing to do with money, that's a red herring.
The fish is saying that dolphins can't swim because they are mammals, when actually, being a mammal is irrelevant because dolphins can swim just as good as fish.

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Fable can be defined as a concise and a breif story intended to prove a moral lesson at the end

Fear is a mistaken belief in which a person attempts to create support for an idea by using deception and propaganda in attempts to increase fear and prejudice toward a competitor

Verbal Example: A verbal example of fable is when someone accuses someone of something without finding any facts. A verbal example for fear is when

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Ad hominem is arguing against someone's argument without any knowledge of the argument they're making. Just basing it off of feelings.

Verbal example: A lawyer attacking a defendant’s character rather than addressing or questioning based on the case. Like in a case of theft pointing out the defendant’s level of poverty.

Picture explanation: This is attacking somone personally without attacking the actual points they're making

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Propaganda is making you see a differnt point of view usually in a negative nature used to publicize a specific point of view. A verbal example is when Uncle Sam was an example of propaganda because he was a fictional character used to influence people to join the war and fight the bad guys.
Allegory is a type of writing or picture source that can represent a hidden message.
A verbal example is this picture that is representated above. This is a good example of allegory because it is a picture with a secret message of royalty.

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Logical Fallacy is a statement that is logically false but seems to be true.
Verbal example: Logical Fallacy
The movie sold out, therfore it must have been good.
Visual explantation: This picture is assuming that anyone that doesn't believe in God is the cause of a civil war.

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Gracie Humphries, Lauren Bouldin, Spencer Willis

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Gracie Humphries, Lauren Bouldin, Spencer Willis

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Satire is the use of humor, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity.
Verbal Example: Comedians use
Visuasatire in their jokes to make fun of people.l Example Explanation:  It is satire because the message is to "save trees" but it's printed on a lot of paper, which obviously is not saving the trees.

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Bandwagon
A particular activity or cause that has suddenly become fashionable or popular.

Verbal example: After Selena Gomez was in the Pantene comercial everyone wanted to wash their hair with Pantene since sombody famou
s did it.
Explanation of Visual:  This is an example of bandwagon because Maybelline is telling people it is America's favorite mascara. Their mascara is not actually America's favorite, but by saying this, Maybelline is telling other people that they are the best so that people will want to buy their mascara instead of others.

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Novella (Jaylen Allen, Alyssa Gaines, & Emma Garrson)

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Novella (Jaylen Allen, Alyssa Gaines, & Emma Garrson)

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Novella is a fictional narrative that is longer and more complex than a short story.
A short novel is an example of a novella.
The following picture is an example of a novella. ¨the Great-Gatsby" by F-Scott Fitzgerald is a short novel that was published in 1925.

Definition: Dictionary.com
The Great Gatsby: Wikipedia

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Name calling ties a person to a largely perceived negative image to arouse fear and bad feelings about someone.
Verbal example: In a campaign speech to a logging company, the Congressman referred to his environmentally conscious opponent as a "tree hugger."
Explanation of visual: The picture is name calling because the poster is calling the politician a hypocrite meaning that he doesn't do what he says he will do.  It's attaching a negative image to the person by using a word that will make him look bad.