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Cárdenas, D. (2015). Logical THinking. Monterrey, Nuevo León: Editorial Digital del Tecnol;ogico de Monterrey.

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The memory is a place used to store all the data, information, or programs that are being used. There are four main types of  memories:
1.- RAM (Random Access Memory)
RAM is a temporary memory that stores programs and data that are in process as well as the instructions of the operating system that control the computer while it is on.

2.- ROM memory (Read-Only Memory)
ROM memory stores data and instructions in a permanent way. It is also known as non-volatile memory. The information it contains is stored from the process of making it (information). It is impossible thus to be modified or deleted, only replaced if necessary.

3.- CMOS memory (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)
CMOS memory is a reading and writing memory that is found on the motherboard. It registers the time and date, along with the characteristics of the installed hardware: storage units, memory capacity, type of processor and screen configuration.

4.- Flash memory
Flash memory is a reading and writing memory, and it can be deleted electronically. It holds data when the device is not on. It is mainly used in cell phones, digital cameras, tablets, smartphones, etc.

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Output devices are the ones that can show their information outside the machine.

Examples:
1. Monitor: Through the monitor you can watch videos etc. There are different type of monitors like flat screen monitors and led monitors.
2. Printers: They display previous selected information into paper.
3. Earphones/speakers: You can listen to music or any audio through them.
4. Fax machine: The fax machine encode and decide what we sent through a telephone line to someone.
5. MFP: This can copy, print, scan and fax because is a multitasking machine.

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Input devices refers to the factors that let the information enter the machine.

Examples:
1. Keyboard: The QWERTY type of keyboard contains around 105 keys in it that work for different functions like putting numbers, letters, signs, arrows etc.
2. Mouse: The mouse is used to control de pointer on the computer screen.
3. Microphone: The microphone can be internal to the computer or external, to save the recorded audio, the computer contains a software in the operating system installed.
4. Video Cam: It can be either internal or external to the computer.
5. Digital Cameras: They capture, digitalize, compress and store the images into the memory card. The amount of storage capability dependes on the memory card.
6. Scanners: Scanners convert images and text into formats that can be read by the computer.
7. Biometric Devices: They read a certain quality of a person to compare it with a previous saved code.
8. Sensors: Measures distinct type of data that is previously sent to the computer to be processed.
9. Digitizing tablets: They are created to designe art. They need to be connected to another device like USB or through bluetooth because it do not contain its own operating system.

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Retaining data permanently for the future.

This was made with the purpose of saving everything even if the computer is off.

Storing Devices are :
1. Magnetic Devices : stores the information by magnetizing microscopic particles in the surface of the disk.
2. Optical devices : the elements can be read through a laser lighting using a powerful microscope.
3. Solid State : Store the information by a process called Fowler -Nordheim tunneling with closes or opens some gates that give access to a cell panel that stores the data