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Prof, where and how do we submit the project report?

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Prof, where and how do we submit the project report?

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For Fun, was watching Big Hero in the weekend and Honey Lemon did an 'embrittlement' demo

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For Fun, was watching Big Hero in the weekend and Honey Lemon did an 'embrittlement' demo

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Update : I just realised that my previous contribution to answering your questions are now missing....No wonder you said I did not answer your questions - I did, but somehow they are now gone!

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Update : I just realised that my previous contribution to answering your questions are now missing....No wonder you said I did not answer your questions - I did, but somehow they are now gone!

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Prof, what was the coating again that is normally used to layer on top of bulldozer / crane blades?

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Prof, what was the coating again that is normally used to layer on top of bulldozer / crane blades?

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Does the formation of carbide will certainly lead to intergranular corrosion? Or this corrosion only happens when a network of carbides are forming at the grain boundaries? I am quite confused, many resources say carbides improve wear and corrosion resistance, but what I learnt is carbides cause the corrosion. 

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Does the formation of carbide will certainly lead to intergranular corrosion? Or this corrosion only happens when a network of carbides are forming at the grain boundaries? I am quite confused, many resources say carbides improve wear and corrosion resistance, but what I learnt is carbides cause the corrosion. 

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Sensitisation is due to C forming carbides with Chromium at the grain boundaries.  Otherwise carbide and sensitisation are two different things altogether. Carbides don't lead to corrosion in itself.

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Electrochemical corrosion and intergranular corrosion are not correlated right? So the zinc-galvanizing approach won’t alleviates the corrosion cause by sensitization?

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Electrochemical corrosion and intergranular corrosion are not correlated right? So the zinc-galvanizing approach won’t alleviates the corrosion cause by sensitization?

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One would choose austenitic stainless steel because of its shiny appearance. Defeats the purpose if the stainless steel is painted

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Does nitriding cause sensitization because of the carbide formation?

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Does nitriding cause sensitization because of the carbide formation?

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For a material that can be sensitised due to high temperature range, as long as heating occurs to that temperature range, the risk will happen.

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The intergranular corrosion is caused by every kind of carbide or it is only caused by chromium carbide? Because there are some types of carbides formed by molybdenum and tungsten which strengthen the metal instead of causing sensitization effect.

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The intergranular corrosion is caused by every kind of carbide or it is only caused by chromium carbide? Because there are some types of carbides formed by molybdenum and tungsten which strengthen the metal instead of causing sensitization effect.

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Refer to answer above.

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Are we required to write a paragraph describing/talking about the 5 candidate materials in the "Detailed Evaluation of Candidate Materials" section, or is the Pugh table sufficient? 

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Are we required to write a paragraph describing/talking about the 5 candidate materials in the "Detailed Evaluation of Candidate Materials" section, or is the Pugh table sufficient? 

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Hi prof, what if I am unable to find the exact values for charpy impact testing of the materials at certain temperatures, what can I do?

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Pugh's Selection Method
1. For the weightage of the design requirement, the entire column adds up to 1 hence we have to ensure our column for the design requirement adds up to 1? Therefore we can put in the weightage ourselves. i.e. we can put in the the numbers ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 for each cells?

2. For net pluses and net minuses, we just add the plus sign that corespond to the weightage and add the minus sign with the weightage?

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Is hot working as a manufacturing process considered as a heat treatment? 

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Is hot working as a manufacturing process considered as a heat treatment? 

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Prof, do you think annealed condition stainless steel can be used for HeatKO? It achieves the specifications that I need, but I can’t find much info on the internet, like, how it is produced, and what will happen if I heat it up to 800c

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Is the mechanical property for sharpening a steel can be judged through the hardness?

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Is the mechanical property for sharpening a steel can be judged through the hardness?

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there is not a lot of sources stating the DBTT state for aluminium, what can i do about it? it it a main design requirement for cryom

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What are some important properties needed?

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What are some important properties needed?

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I shared these with one of the teams. Some are optional (so don't get stressed if you don't include)
For Vibrash, density is important because something that is heavy is very difficult to vibrate.  Also fatigue strength since the stress is fluctuating
For hardness, you can consider hardening, but outside of the module there are other examples, e.g. hardfacing of excavators using cobalt alloys (https://www.lincolnelectric.com/assets/US/EN/literature/C7710.pdf, https://www.stellite.com/us/en/home.html). For the Land students, note that hardfacing is also a way to remanufacture a component

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What are some assumptions/fantasy to be made?

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What are some assumptions/fantasy to be made?

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I shared this example with some of you:
For Mallea, likely is your characters needs to be able to recrystallise the material, otherwise a little bit of deformation will hit the %elongation for fracture already

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If you are unable to find the data for steel, you may extrapolate from Fig 19 in https://www.asminternational.org/documents/10192/1850176/06542G_Sample.pdf/dede6563-0f07-473e-9e19-82e29371c5ae
but state your assumption

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I told some of you there is no page limit, but I dislike long reports. Please keep your report as short as possible.

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Discuss any assumptions that you have made, why the assumptions are necessary and the implications the assumptions would have. If you have any missing data, you should also discuss why you believe your recommendations are still ok despite the omission of data.

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Hi prof, can you provide Cryom's Reference Material details i.e. at -150degree celcius and below. Or can we just use the general one? (which is at room temp). Since at different temperature and the metals will behave differently.

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Hi Prof,  what are the requirements for withstanding cryogenic temperature? Does it include thermal conductivity/ expansion, because there is no proper term to describe the property of materials that perform under cryogenic temperatures

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Hi prof, would like to ask if i am looking at hardness, isit okay if i look at the carbon content and determine if the material can be hardened by heat treatment or should i just look at hardness brinell

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Qn 8: Why the Weight of the Steel for each 1m portion. W= Density x Volume. Volume = Pi (d)2 L / 4 ? or how do we calculate Volume in this case?

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hi prof for dbtt is only related to temperature?

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"Shortlist 5 candidate materials, with relevant processing history". May I know what do you mean by "with relevant processing history"? Should they have undergone processing?

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"Shortlist 5 candidate materials, with relevant processing history". May I know what do you mean by "with relevant processing history"? Should they have undergone processing?

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Suitable candidate materials for this would be iron superalloys.

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I am working on the character cryom, can I assume that the shield and the costume is made of the same material? If not, which one do I work on or do I have to work on both because the selection criteria might differ slightly for each?

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I am working on the character cryom, can I assume that the shield and the costume is made of the same material? If not, which one do I work on or do I have to work on both because the selection criteria might differ slightly for each?

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Please work on the costume only.

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I would like to clarify for Pokedot. Must the tip and the body of the material be of the same material, or can it be two different materials?

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I would like to clarify for Pokedot. Must the tip and the body of the material be of the same material, or can it be two different materials?

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When water quenching from a temperature above the austenitic temperature, it will result in carbon atoms getting trapped in the lattice structure, between iron atoms. These are interstitial impurities that create point defects within the crystal structure. From what I understand, the order is somewhat like this:Quenching > Atoms trapped in lattice structure > carbon interstitial impurities (causing point defects) > more grain boundaries > More dislocations > A strong but brittle material (low ductility) Can I say that this is a type of precipitate hardening? Or is the term reserved for metals that are first solution treated, quenched, and then aged?

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When water quenching from a temperature above the austenitic temperature, it will result in carbon atoms getting trapped in the lattice structure, between iron atoms. These are interstitial impurities that create point defects within the crystal structure. From what I understand, the order is somewhat like this:Quenching > Atoms trapped in lattice structure > carbon interstitial impurities (causing point defects) > more grain boundaries > More dislocations > A strong but brittle material (low ductility) Can I say that this is a type of precipitate hardening? Or is the term reserved for metals that are first solution treated, quenched, and then aged?

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What do you mean by component in school? 

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What do you mean by component in school? 

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Must it be part of building structures?

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Why when  hydrogen bonds lock the molecules in place in particular oreintation. ice would have lower density than water? 

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Why when  hydrogen bonds lock the molecules in place in particular oreintation. ice would have lower density than water? 

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Density= Mass/Volume. Wouldn't the volume be smaller? Cause an increase in Density? Or does the mass change also? Thanks prof

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In the material selection project brief, it is said that the internal fabrication workshop has proposed steel SAE/AISI 1005 as the material. Can I confirm that this is the reference material (for the Pugh selection method) prof? As further on we still have to shortlist 5 different materials to cater to the needs of each character

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In the material selection project brief, it is said that the internal fabrication workshop has proposed steel SAE/AISI 1005 as the material. Can I confirm that this is the reference material (for the Pugh selection method) prof? As further on we still have to shortlist 5 different materials to cater to the needs of each character

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Yes to both questions

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My plan for the character is to combine 2 different materials through welding.

I would like to check with you if I am able to choose 2 materials for the superhero I have chosen? Or I am limited to only 1 material?

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For Experiment 1: If  temperature  of  the  saturated  solution  is cooled  to  0°C, LESS salt  dissolve  in  the  saturated solution? 

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For Experiment 1: If  temperature  of  the  saturated  solution  is cooled  to  0°C, LESS salt  dissolve  in  the  saturated solution? 

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why would less salt be dissolved in the saturated solution?

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Can explain the in-depth reasoning behind why a rotating shaft undergo cyclic loading? (Is it linked to compression and tension, as it rotates. How does this link to Cyclic loading and Occurrence of fatigue?)

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Can explain the in-depth reasoning behind why a rotating shaft undergo cyclic loading? (Is it linked to compression and tension, as it rotates. How does this link to Cyclic loading and Occurrence of fatigue?)

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If water,ice and water vapour are 3 separate phases (with boundaries). I am thinking if the ice will melt also simultaneously to liquid? It will also be 3 separate phases?  

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If water,ice and water vapour are 3 separate phases (with boundaries). I am thinking if the ice will melt also simultaneously to liquid? It will also be 3 separate phases?  

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Question 16- why do we use 28.3Mpa instead of 60.53Mpa for K?  When i draw the graph with Toperating at -30 degree, 60.53Mpa is where the Ductility side at. Why don't we use 60.53Mpa as the K?

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Question 16- why do we use 28.3Mpa instead of 60.53Mpa for K?  When i draw the graph with Toperating at -30 degree, 60.53Mpa is where the Ductility side at. Why don't we use 60.53Mpa as the K?

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In a table of given stress and strains (as per the lab sheet today, 29.01.2021), how do I calculate the young's modulus? Which stress and strain do I use?

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Slide 29: Buckling (within deformation), does plastic buckling break?

How do we use Pcr in material selection? is it the higher the value the better?

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Hi prof, what is the use of Proof Stress? When do we use Proof stress? and What is the difference between Proof stress and Yield Stress? 

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Hi prof, what is the use of Proof Stress? When do we use Proof stress? and What is the difference between Proof stress and Yield Stress? 

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In chapter 1 slide 18: mechanical behaviour, what does it mean by " the load may be applied at low or high temperatures and at low or high rates"? Does that mean one moment alternating between high temperature and the next low temperature?

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1.	What is the difference between Isotropic and anisotropic? What do you mean by the material having the same properties but different directions.

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1.	What is the difference between Isotropic and anisotropic? What do you mean by the material having the same properties but different directions.

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Hi prof, for the Ductile/ Brittle part in the assignment. Do we put young’s modulas or Elongation (in %) For the relevant property ? Thank you.

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May i ask, for Assignment 2 the relevant property it is meant by material properties (e.g isotropic etc) or do we select a property based on the material selection checklist? (last slide of the lecture notes)

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https://steelnavigator.ovako.com/heat-treatment-guide/calculate

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With regards to your tutorial 1 question 4, may I know how to find the values for the function of length and second moment of area of the component, C and the function of the ends of the component, K? I have tried searching through the notes but to no avail. 

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With regards to your tutorial 1 question 4, may I know how to find the values for the function of length and second moment of area of the component, C and the function of the ends of the component, K? I have tried searching through the notes but to no avail. 

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You do not need to know how to find C and K for this module.  They will either be given to you, or in this case, you do not need to calculate them.  Just keep them as C and K and you will find that they will cancel out each other.

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Just to clarify, where is the lab venue on friday ?

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Just to clarify, where is the lab venue on friday ?

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Hi prof, for the estimated value under density in the assignment 1, are we supposed to put the density or Young’s modulus?

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May I know if we can use images from NTUC / Cold Storage / Giant website to produce the 8 photos of the different items for team assignment #1?

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May I know if we can use images from NTUC / Cold Storage / Giant website to produce the 8 photos of the different items for team assignment #1?

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Yes you may

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82FPQ6z8vcE

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82FPQ6z8vcE

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Sadly the video is all animation, but that's understandable considering the derailment mess that would have been created (see the video below).

If ever students ask why thermal expansion matters, here's a very clear example.

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Track Features - Flora, MS Derailment from Thermal Expansion Sun Kink

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Sadly the video is all animation, but that's understandable considering the derailment mess that would have been created (see the video below). If ever students ask why thermal expansion matters, here's a very clear example.

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EN Thermal Expansion Contraction of Pipes

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Can we choose our own members?
No, I have prechosen the team members and the list can be found on https://xsite.singaporetech.edu.sg/d2l/lms/group/group_list.d2l?ou=56025
The same team will be involved in the Team Assignment and the Team Project. Also when you turn up for the Labs, please sit together with your team members to faciliate safe management measures.

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Is that possible to let martensitic transformation and nitriding process apply together to form a high hardness and wear resistance steel? Would that be too redundant, and causing the intergranular corrosion and over-brittle?

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Is that possible to let martensitic transformation and nitriding process apply together to form a high hardness and wear resistance steel? Would that be too redundant, and causing the intergranular corrosion and over-brittle?

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Select either one

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Are case hardening and surface hardening same? 

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Are case hardening and surface hardening same? 

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Case hardening is subset of surface hardening. There are different ways to harden the surface, including case hardening

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Is solution treatment same as martensitic transformation? Or they are just same in concept but being used in different metal, like the former one is for aluminium, and the latter for steel?

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Is solution treatment same as martensitic transformation? Or they are just same in concept but being used in different metal, like the former one is for aluminium, and the latter for steel?

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Solution treatment means heating up to a single solution phase