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Temperature is the measure of how cold or hot somewhere is. Temperature is usually higher during the day than at night. Rural areas (the countryside) are often cooler than towns and cities. This is because there are more buildings and factories ( known as 'heat islands') which absorb heat during the day, releasing it slowly at night and warming the surrounding air.
The main type of thermometer used is the liquid-in-glass thermometer. A liquid (usually alcohol) expands depending on temperature. It then moves up a small tube alongside a scale, from which temperature readings can be made. 

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One of the oldest pieces of equipment used to measure weather is a wind vane. This wind or weather vane is usually made from a strong material, (like metal) and placed above ground, usually on top of a building. The wind vane will clearly show the 4 principle directions of the compass: North, East, South and West, and have a moveable arm that can point in any direction. Once true north is known (using a compass), the wind direction can be found by looking at the direction the arm is pointing from. For example, air moving from east to west will create an easterly wind. 
Another way to find out wind direction is by using a wind sock which you may have seen at airports or airfields.

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Edpuzzle video lesson. Make any video your lesson. Take a video and crop it, add your voice or embed questions at any point.

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The wind speed is measured using an anemometer. Most weather stations measure wind speed using a spinning cup anemometer, which rotates depending on the wind.

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Humidity is how much water vapor is in the atmosphere. Like a sponge, the air is always evaporating and storing water from rivers, lakes and oceans. In tropical parts of the world, warm air is able to hold more water vapor and humidity is higher as a result.

Relative humidity is a measure of how much water vapor is actually in the air compared to how much water vapor the air could hold. The Earth's relative humidity rarely falls below 30%.  Saturated air has 100% humidity.

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Weather & Meteorology : What Is Humidity?

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students' progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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A rain gauge is an instrument you can use to measure the amount of rainfall your area receives in a given time period.

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students' progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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Air pressure is the result of the weight of tiny particles of air (air molecules) pushing down on an area. While invisible to the naked eye (i.e. microscopic), they nevertheless take up space and have weight. For example, take a deep breath while holding your hand on your ribs and observe what happens. Did you feel your chest expand? Why did it expand?

Air pressure expands because the air molecules take up space in your lungs, causing your chest to expand. Furthermore, air can be compressed to fit in a smaller volume since there's a lot of empty space between the air molecules. When compressed, air is placed under high pressure. Meteorologists measure these changes in the air to forecast weather, and the tool they use is a barometer.

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students' progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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Thermometer Experiment: Here is a great experiment that allows the kids to make a thermometer.

Rain Gauge Experiment: Here is an experiment that allows a kids to make their very own rain gauge.

The Doppler Effect Experiment: Here is an experiment that teaches kids what the Doppler Effect is. They can learn how the Doppler Effect works and why Doppler Radar is such as important tool in weather forecasting.

Anemometer Experiment: Here is another great experiment that lets kids make an anemometer or wind vane.

Windsock Experiment: Here is an experiment that allows the kids to make a windsock.

Pressure Experiment: Here is an experiment that shows how pressure is created in our atmosphere by sucking an egg in a bottle. This is a very cool experiment!

Science Fair Project Ideas: Here is a complete list of science fair project ideas. Discover the science behind the weather that impacts us every day.

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Thermometer Experiment: Here is a great experiment that allows the kids to make a thermometer. Rain Gauge Experiment: Here is an experiment that allows a kids to make their very own rain gauge. The Doppler Effect Experiment: Here is an experiment that teaches kids what the Doppler Effect is.

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Why is atmospheric pressure measured in millibars?