# data[].attributes.body
Hi and good day, Dr. I have two question about the compounding worksheet.

The first question is may I know where can I find the accepted range as reference for the calculation (10-15mg/kg/dose) in the BPC because I can't find it.

My next question is can I print out the compounding worksheet using both side of a paper?(because for one compounding worksheet, we have two pages, one is table and another one is procedure and calculation part) Or one side must be printed on one paper only?

Sorry for asking at this time. Dr can answer me whenever Dr is free :-) Thank you in advance.

ANSWER:

1. I don't really remember, but if you can't find in the BPC, then it's not in there. It is from other references. Don't worry, if the info is not in bpc, I will usually provide the info necessary to formulate.

2 yes you can.

# data[].attributes.body
Assalamualaikum, Dr Amirah. I hope I'm not bothering and I deeply apologise for taking your time. I would like to ask a few questions regarding the Compounding Worksheet you gave us. Hope you are interested in answering them.

1. May I know when Dr said that we should refer to BPC for Physical state and Solubility, do we need to write everything written on the BPC? For example Paracetamol is 'an odourless white crystal or crystalline powder' or should we just state it's a powder just like that? How about solubility, do we need to include also 'the ingredients is miscible to what'?

2. Is it possible if I can't find some ingredients in BPC? If yes, what should I do, Dr? Do I just leave it empty?

3. Dr also said that there's a prescribed range for the ingredients, but as much as I have searched through the BPC, there are some ingredients that do not include this. What the best next step then, Dr? Should I google it or just leave it empty?

4. May I know do we need to handwrite everything as I only type in Microsoft Words but then if I'm not mistaken I saw somewhere in the reference you gave us that it should be handwritten?

I think that's all my question for now. If another problem arises, I will surely ask for your guide again. I apologise again for taking your time and thank you for reading this email. Thank you, Dr.

ANSWER:

Waalaikumussalam Amni

1. The color & state is sufficient. Eg white crystalline powder.solubility, see in the formula, which solvent will be used to solubilise the powder. Write that one.

2. Yes, that would be possible. You can Google them

3. The prescribed range is the most important for the active ingredients. The rest, it's ok if you don't have them

4. The compounding worksheet can be filled with typing. But the prescription has to be filled by hand.

Regards

Amirah

# data[].attributes.body
Good morning Dr, I have a few questions regarding the compounding worksheet.
1. Is Amber same meaning with non-fluted? In the lecture, Dr only mentioned with fluted or non-fluted but in the procedure which Dr shows during the lecture have the word ‘amber’
2. For the calculation part, we need to show all the calculation like ratio between parent formula and quantity used or it is fine if we only show a few important one
3. For procedure, can we follow the steps shown in Dr’s slide? If yes, do we have to add the volume or weight of ingredient based on our calculation
Thank you in advance for Dr’s replies!

ANSWER:
1. Amber is colored bottle, meant for products that need to be protected from light. Non fluted or fluted is meant for external or internal product.

So for a particular product, it can be non-fluted amber or fluted amber, depending on the character of the drug. If the drug need to be protected from light, then you have to use the amber ones

2. Please show all.

3. Yes you can, but I expect you to write in more detail, specifiying which equipment or glassware you use. And in passive voice form. Look at the example I gave in the course guide simplified book

# data[].attributes.body
Assalamualaikum dr. I have few question regarding compounding worksheet.

1. Should i write solubility for all ingredient, or only the one that should be solubilise?
2. Can we directly use the accepted range that we find in the bpc? I mean, i see that chloroform is between 0.06-0.3 in the bpc. Since this paracetamol elixir is for children, is there any different?
3. The use in presription part, can we find it in bpc or should we google it?

Thank you in advance dr, and have a nice day☺️

ANSWER:
1. Only the one that need to solubilise
2. Yes you can take that
3. If you can't find in bpc then you can Google it

# data[].attributes.body
Dr, I would like to reconfirm with you that the laboratory manual & compounding sheet for tutorial 1 only will be used during the actual practical session right ?

So we can take our time to complete it as long as before practical session.

ANSWER:
Yes, correct.

# data[].attributes.body
Good morning, Dr. I have a question regarding compounding worksheet. For the paracetamol elixir, should we follow the procedure given by Dr or procedure given in the BPC. Because in the BPC, the procedure seem to be not as complete as the one given by Dr during tutorial discussion

My second question is if we can't find the procedure for some  medication in BPC,can we follow the procedure given by Dr?
Because for the second medication, I think is from BP so I can't find that compound in the BPC

ANSWER:
Use the one I give

# data[].attributes.body
Dr., could I ask you two more questions?
1) For solubility, if it is written in the BPC as "at 20°, 1:2 H20", do I need to include the "at 20°,"?
2) If the prescription states 'label as directed', does it mean in the compounding sheet, the 'Quantity used' would be the same as 'Prescribed range'?

ANSWER:

1. Yes.

2. Correct.

# data[].attributes.body
1) May I ask if I cannot find the physical state and solubility of the ingredients from BPC, could I find it from the internet or by logical guessing?... (Ex: the ingredient made up of high percentage of alcohol, then I assume it to be miscible with water) (Ex: Carmoisine, I camnot find it in BPC...)
2) May I ask for the unit for quantity used, could I use 3 decimal points for mL and gram?
3) Dr., last time you said that we can find the accepted range from BPC, for example: 10-15mg/kg/dose for paracetamol, may I ask how did you find it? Because I couldn't find it or maybe I don't know how to find it...

ANSWER:
1. Yes you can.

2. mL, 1 decimal point is sufficient. Gram, three is possible because the weighing balance has three decimal points

3. If you can't find, maybe it's not there for paracetamol. But for some drugs, it is available in BPC. In exam, I will give drugs that have range in BPC, or I will give the range.

# data[].attributes.body
1. I would like to ask how can we determine the accepted range for the ingredients, as I couldn't find in the BPC.

2. Dr, how about the 10-15mg of accepted range for the paracetamol?

3. And Dr, for the first example the child is 2 years old, the prescribed range for paracetamol is 240mg/10mL instead of 120mg/5mL? 😅because you have mentioned that the Doctor has prescribed wrong ...

ANSWER:
1. The accepted range is most important for the active ingredient

For the other ingredients, you can skip if you don't find any

2. 10-15mg/kg. Have to times the weight of the child.

3. Oh maybe I have explained it in a confusing way at the beginning.

But this are the steps:
a. Check the amount of drug in one dose.
b. Check the accepted range. And compare.

I don't remember if it's available in BPC. Can check. If not available in BPC, then usually in the exam, I will give the accepted range. I would not expect you to remember the accepted range at your first year.

# data[].attributes.body
Dilution 40 = 5 x 8

Dr, is it necessary to dilute 2 times? Can we just dilute with the 40 multiple factor ?

ANSWER:
The best is actually (5x2x2x2). Because this will cause a minimal wastage. If you do directly 40 times, compare with this dilution, the wastage of diluent is more

# data[].attributes.body
Good Day Dr.,  I would like to ask a few questions regarding the lecture on FAR122 Dosage Form I - Pharmaceutical Calculation.

1. For the steps of calculating the ratio questions, should we follow the steps (working procedure) that Dr shown on the lecture slide which is written in sentences or we are allowed to do the working procedure in a numerical method? To clarify this, I have attached one of the worksheet question of ratio calculation and the working procedure of mine for Dr to have a look at it.

2. For the 2nd question in the worksheet of aliquot method, I solved the question by taking the multiple factor straightaway as 4 instead of 2 x 2 like what Dr is shown on the slide. Is this accepted or it is considered as wrong? I'm confused in choosing the multiple factors for the aliquot method. I have also attached the steps I have done for this question.

These are all my questions regarding the lecture. Please find the files that I have attached to this email.

Thank you in advance Dr!

ANSWER:

1. I don't mind which method you use, as long as you understand the calculation and the numbers used. I used the explanation method to enable you to see how the numbers are derived.

2. the multiplication should preferably be as small as possible. let say:

3. to weigh 10 mg of drug.

4. you need to weigh 200 mg.

5. 200 mg = 10 mg x 20 = 10 mg x (5 x 4) = 10 mg x (5 x 2 x 2)

6. In order to avoid wasting the diluent, (usually) the smallest number should be use, which is (5x2x2).

7. So if the question ask you to calculate with the least wastage, then you should choose 5 x 2 x 2. But if not, its ok to choose either one of the dilution.

8. Try to calculate and compare the amount of diluent needed for each of the dilution [(20) vs (5x4) vs (5x2x2)]. and you can decide which one will have the least wastage.

# data[].attributes.body
I have some questions regarding the pharmaceutical calculations lecture.

1. May I know what are the calculation steps for ratio worksheet? My answers are different from the given answers. (After omitting "Water q.s ad. 1000mL", I am able to get the answer for the first question. However, I am still not able to get the correct answer for the second question. I got 0.6g but the given answer is 1.8g.)

2. For measuring by aliquot part, is there any fixed multiple or I just need to use any suitable multiple value?

3. In aliquot worksheet, how to identify the capsule can fit 450mg powder as the question didn't mention the capsule size. Is there any fixed capsule size?

4. For this aliquot question "A prescription calls for 0.2mL of clove oil. Using a 5mL graduate calibrated in units of 0.5mL,how would you obtain the required amount of clove oil using aliquot method and alcohol as the diluent?", the given answer used 5mL as the multiple. How to decide which multiple should be used?

ANSWER:

1. 0.6g in 30 mL (2 tablespoons), but you must calculate how much is needed to prepare the 90 mL product.

2. I did not notice that there is 'Water q.s ad. 1000mL' there. below is the full formula:

Sodium Chloride Compound Mouthwash BP  |  Mitte 90 mL
|
| 90 mL
Sodium bicarbonate BP  |
| 0.9 g
Sodium chloride BP  |
| 1.35 g
Concentrated peppermint emulsion BP (flavoring)  |
| 2.25 mL
Double strength chloroform water BP (vehicle and preservative)  |
| 45 mL
Water q.s ad  |
| 90 mL
Can you get the answer now?
Please help me to update this with your friends ya.

3. The multiplicate depends on the measuring device that you are given and ease of measuring. let's say you have 5 mL measuring cylinder and you need 0.2 mL. measuring 5 times (equal to 1mL) would be much easier than measuring to equal 0.5 mL, right? you can choose 10 times too (equal to 2 mL), but that would be too excessive (=wastage).

4. the multiplication should preferably be as small as possible. let say:

5. to weigh 10 mg of drug.

6. you need to weigh 200 mg.

7. 200 mg = 10 mg x 20 = 10 mg x (5 x 4) = 10 mg x (5 x 2 x 2)

1. In order to avoid wasting the diluent, (usually) the smallest number should be use, which is (5x2x2).

2. So if the question ask you to calculate with the least wastage, then you should choose 5 x 2 x 2. But if not, its ok to choose either one of the dilution.

3. Try to calculate and compare the amount of diluent needed for each of the dilution [(20) vs (5x4) vs (5x2x2)]. and you can decide which one will have the least wastage.

3. The capsule size has a standard amount of powder that can be filled. You will have a lecture on this under the topic Capsules by Dr Noratiqah. For now, remember that capsule size 0 can fill 450 mg of powder.

# data[].attributes.body
"Dilute 10 mL of this solution to 500 mL with water"

In the previous slides, dr mentioned that if it's "with" then need to add the initial volume which in this case is 10 ml + 500 ml. However, why is here an exception as the ans is only 500 ml?

ANSWER:

Dilute to 500 mL with water.
Not
Dilute with 500 mL water

Can you see the difference?

# data[].attributes.headline
Tuto1 number 6 || 10ml of liniment is diluted to 2 fl.oz (60ml) water will yield a concentration of 1:250 for camphor. Calculate the total amount of camphor for prescription.

# data[].attributes.subject
Tuto1 number 6 || 10ml of liniment is diluted to 2 fl.oz (60ml) water will yield a concentration of 1:250 for camphor. Calculate the total amount of camphor for prescription.

# data[].attributes.body
Salam Dr. I wanna ask the statement means that there is 1g of camphor in 250ml solution right? And to calculate the amount of camphor needed for prescription I need to calculate how many camphor for 10ml first then proceed to calculate for 150 ml? since the prescription mentioned Mitte 150ml Sorry Dr, I'm a bit confused.

# data[].attributes.body
Salam dr, i have some question regarding the example dr gave us in the HLB method lecture. Can i use span 65 and tween 81 to make it exactly 12.1? or should i choose two ingredient that offer more than 12.1? Thank you in advance dr :)

# data[].attributes.body
And Dr, I found in the BPC, for example of anhydrous glucose its solubility is soluble in 1 part of water ...then how many gram is soluble in 1 mL of water ? I dont get it.

ANSWER:

Soluble in 1 part of water, means 1 gram in soluble in 1 mL of water

# data[].attributes.body
If you have other questions, please make a post here.

# data[].attributes.body
Hello Dr., there are a few questions regarding Pharmceutical Calculation that I would like to ask you.
1) In the video Part 4, for the Worksheet of the Young's Rule, Dilling's Rule and Fried's Rule, is it okay if the answers are a bit different from what are given by you? As the first answer I get using Young's Rule is 122.17mg/day instead of 123mg/day, the second one using Dilling's Rule, I get 83.5mg/day instead of 80mg/day and the third one using Fried's Rule I get 133.33 mg/day instead of 133mg/day.
While for the BSA Worksheet, I get 0.39 m^2 instead of 0.38m^2.
2) Do we need decimal points for the answers for the questions that are similar to what is stated in my first question? Because for the pediatric dose calculation, I found that mostly Dr. had ommited the decimal points for the answers obtained.
3) At the last part of the lecture Part 4, Dr mentioned that you don't expect us to memorize the formula and will provide us the formula if needed. May I clarify is this apply for all formulas of the pediatric dose calculation?

Thank you for your time!!

# data[].attributes.body
Good day, Dr. Can I ask is there any difference between master formula and parent formula? I am confused because I saw in some prescriptions Dr put parent formula whereas some Dr put master formula. Thanks in advance.

# data[].attributes.body
Good afternoon Dr. I have a question regarding the compounding worksheet for Exercise 2.5. The age of patient given in the practical manual is 75 years old, but the age given in the lecture is 13 months. May I know which one should I follow?

# data[].attributes.body
Good Day Dr. Amirah. My name is Lau Xin Wen. The picture attached is the dose of Chloramphenicol Palmitate. It mentioned for child, it is 25-50mg/kg/day, which in this case should be 225-450mg/day. But the amount of Chloramphenicol Palmitate in Chloramphenicol Mixture that we calculated is 880mg/day. So it means overdosed? Sorry Dr. I'm abit confused about this.

Thank you for your time Dr!

# data[].attributes.body
Good day, Dr. I am Jia Wei. Dr, in the BPC, I can't find the menthol (pages 288) and magnesium carbonate (light) (276) as these two pages are missing in the BPC given by Dr. Can Dr send us these particular pages ? Another question is may I confirm is that the  menthol is active ingredient in this formulation? My third question is can we use 0.5-1% v/v (given by Dr in simplified course guide for Rifampicin ) as the accepted range for all colouring agents as in the BPC, the range for carmoisine is not been stated.
Last question is do we need to write the section that have in our compounding worksheet (the one I circle using purple colour) again in prescription? Thank you in advance, Dr.

# data[].attributes.body
Assalamualaikum and good morning Dr . I have question regarding the prescription that we need to handwrite
1. can we use the template you provide ?
2. is there any standard size for the prescription or it can be in any size ?
thank you for your time Dr ;)

# data[].attributes.body
Hi, Dr. I am Jia Wei. I want to remind you to send us the pages 276 and 288 in BPC.

Dr, one question from me, is tiger balm can be considered as either ointment or liniment? As just now I refer to lecture note, the tiger balm belongs to liniment. Thank you Dr

Good day, Dr. I have a question regarding exercise 4.2 , the volume of water given by Dr in the prescription is 2.25 g (q.s ad .100% in parent formula). May I know why the water is not 15 mL as in other examples of prescription, we will use 100% for calculation, means 100 mL = 100 mL, hence 15 g (15mL) = 15 mL.  Isit because we need to minus the q.s ad..100% with 85 % = 15% ? Hence, 15 mL in 100 mL, hence 2.25 mL in 15 g. If yes, may I know how can we differentiate the calculation method for the volume of water in this prescription as compared to others?
Dr, another question from me. For certain prescription, Dr told us to prepare 25 g instead of 20 g, so in the labeling and procedure part shall we change from 20g to 25 g also?

Thank you in advance. Have a nice day!

# data[].attributes.body
Good day, Dr. I would like to ask about Exercise 4.1. The prescribed range for morphine hydrochloride is 30mg/dose. But in BPC page 315, the doses accepted is 15-20mg for severe trauma and 5-10mg for coughing. May I know does it consider as overdose?

# data[].attributes.body
Good day Dr! I'm Lau Soo Rong. I have a question regarding the types of containers used in the compounding worksheet.
In the Exercise 1.3, I saw Dr wrote "Plain fluted bottle" as the container that should be used in the steps. However, the reference book (picture attached below) mentions that there are "Plain Amber Medicine Bottles" and "Fluted Amber Medicine Bottles" .
Dr, I'm a bit confused. May I know is "plain" means "non-fluted" ? That means we can choose to write either "plain" or "non-fluted"? Or there is another meaning for "plain"?
Thank you Dr in advance!

# data[].attributes.body
Assalamualaikum Dr , I have a question , is it necessary to include ingredients in suppository label (each suppository contains..) ?

thank you for your time Dr ;)

# data[].attributes.body
Good Day Dr. My name is Lau Xin Wen. I would like to ask regarding Tutorial Question. In Tutorial 2 Question 4, it stated label 10mg 3 times a day for 1 month. Can I know how many days should we calculated for one month? It should be 30 or 31 or 28days? Thank you in advance Dr!

# data[].attributes.body
Hi Dr., may I ask regarding the questions in worksheet in Part 2 of Pharmaceutical Calculation, 1) For question no. 1, are there actually 2 answers? One is 0.5%w/v for sodium bicarbonate and one is 0.75%w/v for sodiun chloride? Because I cannot get 0.5%w/v for both of these ingredients.
2) For question 2, is it calculated by 30mL=0.6g, and in the question it states Mitte 90 mL, we thus multiply 0.6*3=1.8g?

Thank you in advance Dr!

# data[].attributes.body
Good evening Dr, I'm Leslie(year 1 pharmacy student). I have some questions regarding emulsion topic.

1. Dr mentioned that we would prepare emulsion if the prescription called for emulsion or there is oil active ingredient. However, in the "Approaching this question" slide, it stated that we have to prepare emulsion if oil present in the formula. Does it mean that emulsion will be prepared as long as oil presents in the formula or it refers to oil active ingredient?

2. In preparation of emulsion example1,  is arachis oil an active ingredient?

3. In the case where required HLB value does not match with offered HLB value, is it compulsory to take 1 span HLB value and 1 tween HLB value to do calculation? Can I use the value of PEG400 ?

Thank you in advance.

Answer:

Hi Leslie

1. Oil as active ingredient. If the oil is meant for oral preparation (you can know from the Sig.) then prepare as an emulsion. If for external preparation,  there are different choices eh cream, ointment etc.

2. Yes correct.

3. This depends on the ingredients available to you. If during the practical test you are given span and tween, then you have to use those only.

# data[].attributes.body
Hello Dr, may I ask could you share the answers for the questions in the worksheet of your lectures for us (FAR122)? Some I am quite sure but some I not sure 🤔 (especially for the suspension part)

Answer:

# data[].attributes.body
Dr., may I ask how do you get the syrup, purified water and CTP from the BPC for questions 2 and 3?

ASNWER:

You will not get from bpc. You have to know to add them

Bpc said it's a mixture.
Mixture = suspension.
So need CTP

Syrup is for flavouring. Because bpc said to have flavour.

Water of course you need, as the carrier

# data[].attributes.body
Good day Dr. Dr may I know did we learn intermediate solution? As I came across the questions about intermediate solution equals to final conc×dilution factor ?🧐

ANSWER:

From the 20% solution, dilute sufficiently so that the patient will only have to dilute 20x more to get the 1:2500

So basically you can start with the final concentration that you wish the patient to obtain which is the 1:2500

1 g in 2500 mL

So if the patient need to dilute 20x to get this concentration, the product that you are going to prepare should be 20 X more concentrated. Which means

20 g in 2500 mL

Then convert this into percentage. You will get the answer.

# data[].attributes.body
Good day, Dr. I am Jia Wei. For the labelling, Dr tell me that should write the dispensed one (6 supp.), but supp. ingredients  is based on 10 supp. So, isit the ingredients written in label should follow the amount based on 6 supp. or is correct based on 10 supp.  Thank you in advance Dr

# data[].attributes.body
Assalamualaikum, Dr Amirah. I hope I'm not bothering and I deeply apologise for taking your time. I would like to ask a few questions regarding the Compounding Worksheet you gave us. Hope you are interested in answering them.

1. May I know when Dr said that we should refer to BPC for Physical state and Solubility, do we need to write everything written on the BPC? For example Paracetamol is 'an odourless white crystal or crystalline powder' or should we just state it's a powder just like that? How about solubility, do we need to include also 'the ingredients is miscible to what'?

2. Is it possible if I can't find some ingredients in BPC? If yes, what should I do, Dr? Do I just leave it empty?

3. Dr also said that there's a prescribed range for the ingredients, but as much as I have searched through the BPC, there are some ingredients that do not include this. What the best next step then, Dr? Should I google it or just leave it empty?

4. May I know do we need to handwrite everything as I only type in Microsoft Words but then if I'm not mistaken I saw somewhere in the reference you gave us that it should be handwritten?

I think that's all my question for now. If another problem arises, I will surely ask for your guide again. I apologise again for taking your time and thank you for reading this email. Thank you, Dr.

ANSWER:

Waalaikumussalam Amni

1. The color & state is sufficient. Eg white crystalline powder.solubility, see in the formula, which solvent will be used to solubilise the powder. Write that one.

2. Yes, that would be possible. You can Google them

3. The prescribed range is the most important for the active ingredients. The rest, it's ok if you don't have them

4. The compounding worksheet can be filled with typing. But the prescription has to be filled by hand.

Regards

Amirah