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There are ways for each person to keep, of course. The World Bank says that the average American, for example, produces about 10 times more climate change pollution per year than the average person in India. And we unnecessarily use resources that we know are harmful. Plastics, for example, are clogging the world's oceans. We dump the equivalent of a plastic garbage truck into the ocean every minute, according to the World Economic Forum. Some researchers hope that there will be more plastic than fish in the ocean, by weight, by 2050. That is almost unthinkable.

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It sounds callous, but more people means more food, more land, and more resources. Stanford's Ehrlich said population growth is one of the main drivers of Earth's extinction crisis. The population was about 4 billion in 1980. It is now 7.4 billion and rapidly heading to 9.7 billion by 2050, according to the United Nations.

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And there are other lesser-known markets as well, including those for pangolin meat (food), giraffe tails (armbands), and tiger bone (medicine). Efforts to close these markets have been grossly inadequate, with the black market for environmental products estimated to be worth $ 91 billion to $ 258 billion per year. Compare that to drug trafficking, the most lucrative black market, which is worth $ 344 billion per year, according to a United Nations and Interpol estimate.
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The pangolin, the most trafficked animal on the planet, could be saved if it becomes "famous"

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Some of the world's most iconic species, particularly the elephant and rhino, are in danger of extinction simply because people are killing these majestic creatures to sell their body parts on the black market. Elephant ivory is carved to make trinkets. And rhino horn is mistakenly sold as an aphrodisiac.

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This idea comes from the renowned biologist E.O. Wilson: Set aside half of the Earth's surface, both the land and the oceans, to enhance nature and biodiversity. That may sound like a lot, but Wilson argues that it is necessary if we are to avoid crisis. About 84% of species could be saved if we protected all that land. "That amount, as I and others have shown, can be put together from bits large and small from around the world to remain relatively natural, without removing the people who live there or changing property rights," Wilson wrote in an op-ed in The New York Times.

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we are not protecting enough, according to experts. Currently, only 15% of the earth and 4% of the world's oceans are protected from invasion by humans, mainly in the form of farms. People have already used almost 40% of the world's land for farming and raising livestock, much of it to produce livestock feed. Eating less meat, or going vegetarian, uses less land (and is much better for the climate; meat is an especially big pollutant).

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Protect half of the planet's earth and oceans

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Protect half of the planet's earth and oceans

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We know that to avoid the worst of climate change, we must limit warming to a maximum of 2 degrees Celsius. To do that, the world needs to be off fossil fuels this century, hopefully closer to 2030 than 2100. That's a difficult task, but researchers at Stanford University have shown that we can do it with existing technology like wind, solar and nuclear.

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Burning fossil fuels and cutting down tropical forests is heating up the atmosphere. That is creating problems for every corner of the natural world, from the Rocky Mountains in the US, where the tiny mammal bites is overheating, to the oceans, where coral reefs are decimating as the oceans warm. and they become more acidic.

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Anthony Barnosky, another extinction expert, also from Stanford, told me that humans have at most 20 years to make radical changes in our relationship with nature. If we do that, he said, we can avoid the sixth extinction.

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To understand how important the issue is, you don't have to go beyond the definition of "mass extinction." It means that three-quarters of all species disappear, forever.
In all of history, that has happened only five times.
The sixth extinction would be the first caused by humans.