# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus' Ordinary World is his home "on the peaked sea-mark of Ithaca" (Homer line 21). The hero and protagonist Odysseus lives on this island with his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus.

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus did not want to participate in the war. However, Athena convinced him to sail to Troy and use his intelligence to defeat the Trojans. During this war, Odysseus was "skilled in all ways of contending, the wanderer, harried for years on end" (Homer lines 2-3). Eventually, "he plundered the stronghold on the proud height of Troy" (Homer lines 2-5).

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus has many mentors along his journey. He has 3 main mentors: Athena, Circe, and Tiresias. His mentor is Athena. One thing Athena does is "[she] disguises Odysseus as a beggar" (Homer). Another mentor for Odysseus is Circe. Circe was once an Odysseus' enemy, but he has become a mentor. Circe "reveals his course to [Odysseus] and gives advice on how to avoid the dangers he will face" (Homer). The final mentor is Tiresias. Tiresias tells Odysseus his destiny "And all this shall be just as I foretell" (Homer line 671).

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus has now crossed the threshold and made it to the underworld. Odysseus has to come to the underworld because he was informed that "in order to reach home he must journey to the land of the dead, Hades, and consult the blind prophet Tiresias" (Homer). Odysseus violates death in this episode by not giving Elpenor, one of the crew mates, a proper burial.

# data[].attributes.body
During this test, Odysseus was going though "rough adventure, weathered under Zeus" (Homer line 40) and under a spell made by Zeus. Odysseus and his men violated hospitality because they "stormed that place and killed the men who fought" (Homer line 43). During this story, the men "enslaved the women...were mutinous, fools, on stores of wine...while fugitives went inland, running to call to arms the main forces of Cicones" (Homer lines 44- 51). However, the men would be punished and "doom appeared to us, dark word of Zeus for us, our evil days" (Homer lines 55-56). Odysseus and some of his men would survive this test.

# data[].attributes.body
During this test, Odysseus and his men were being punished for what they did to the Cicones by "Zeus the lord of the clouds [who] roused in the north a storm against the ships" (Homer lines 70-71). Odysseus' men violated loyalty because the men who ate the plant "never cared to report" (Homer lines 98). During this story, the men Odysseus sent out "fell in, soon enough, with the Lotus-Eaters" (Homer line 94). The men who ate this plant "never cared to report, nor to return: they longed to stay forever" (Homer lines 98-99). Odysseus ended up saving the men and they journeyed on to the next test.

# data[].attributes.body
During this test, Odysseus and his men make it to the land of the Cyclops. Athena hears Odysseus and tries to help him by giving him sheep and "the rams as well, this time, entered the cave: by some sheepherding whim- or a god's bidding- none were left outside" (Homer lines 286-287). Odysseus shows hospitality to Polyphemus by bringing him  "a wineskin full...and victuals in a bag" (Homer lines 152-153). During this story, Odysseus came up with a plan to get Polyphemus drunk and stab him in the eye with a tree trunk. This plan would work and "they sprinted, lifted it, and rammed it deep in his crater eye, and leaned on it turning it" (Homer lines 332-334). Polyphemus would become blind from this which allowed the men the ability to escape the cave underneath the rams without the Cyclops knowing. However, Odysseus would show excessive pride after he escaped and told Polyphemus that "if ever mortal man inquire how you were put to shame and blinded, tell him Odysseus, raider of cities, took your eye..." (Homer lines 457-459). Polyphemus ended up asking his dad, Poseidon, to kill Odysseus and make sure he doesn't have a happy welcoming when he returns home. However, Zeus wouldn't be happy with Odysseus either and "destruction for my ships he had in store and death for those who sailed them" (Homer lines 513-514). Odysseus would have a hard journey left ahead of him.

# data[].attributes.body
During this test, Odysseus and his men are helped by "Aeolus, king of the winds" (Homer). Odysseus and his men do not violate any greek values during this test. Aeolus gives Odysseus a gift, "a sack containing all the winds except the favorable west wind" (Homer). However, "Odysseus' men open the sack, letting loose a storm that drives them back to Aeolia" (Homer). Aeolus ends up banishing them from his island and decides "that they are detested by the gods" (Homer). Odysseus and his men move on to their next test.

# data[].attributes.body
After the encounter with Aeolus, Odysseus and his men sail for 7 days and eventually make it to the land of the Laestrygonians. There are no gods or goddesses involved. However, the men violate hospitality. The Laestrygonians are "a race of cannibals" (Homer). The creatures "destroy all of Odysseus' ships except the one he is sailing in" (Homer). Only a few men, including Odysseus, make it out alive.

# data[].attributes.body
Once Odysseus and his men escape the Laestrygonians, they make it to the Aeaea, an island ruled by the goddess Circe. Hermes is the god involved during this test. However, Odysseus and his men do not violate or uphold any greek values. While on the island, Circe "transforms half of the men into swine" (Homer). Odysseus is not turned into this swine because he is protected by a magic herb. He demands that Circe change his men back into humans. Before Odysseus leaves the island, "Circe informs him that in order to reach home he must journey to the land of the dead, Hades, and consult the blind prophet Tiresias" (Homer). All of the men survive this test.

# data[].attributes.body
After Odysseus leaves Hades, Odysseus goes back to Circe's Island. Circe gives Odysseus advice on how to avoid the future dangers he will face. The next creatures he will face are "the Sirens, who lure sailors to their destruction" (Homer). Helios also helps Odysseus when "a burning heat came down from Helios" (Homer lines 710-711). The men do not violate or uphold any greek values in this story. Odysseus knows what lies ahead since Circe told him, so he makes a plan; "I alone should listen to their song. Therefore you are to tie me up, tight as a splint, erect along the mast, lashed to the mast, and if I shout and beg to be untied, take more turns of the rope to muffle me" (Homer lines 693-698). The men would also have beeswax "thick on their ears" so they can't hear the Sirens (Homer line 713). The men do what they are supposed to do and everyone makes it out alive.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

# data[].attributes.body
After the Sirens, the men make it to the sea monsters Scylla and Charybdis. Odysseus asks "Zeus [to] help us pull away before we flounder" (Homer line 776). Zeus helped Odysseus decide to send them towards Scylla, a six-headed sea monster. Odysseus chose this monster because only 6 of his men would die and not all of them. Scylla would end up attacking and "whisked six of my men from the ship" (Homer line 810). These would be the only men that would die. However, a "deathly pity ran [Odysseus] through...far the worst [Odysseus] ever suffered" (Homer lines 823-824). The men would pass the test again, only down another 6 men on this one though.

# data[].attributes.body
10 years after the Trojan War, Odysseus finally departed from Calypso's Island. He was "detained long by Calypso" (Homer line 29). Odysseus did not violate or uphold any of the Greek Values here. Odysseus tells King Alcinous that "the enchantress desired me, and detained me in her hall. But in my heart I never gave consent" (Homer lines 32-34). Odysseus told the king that it wasn't his fault since he was under a spell put on him by Calypso. He would survive another test once again.

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus has many allies, but the main 3 are the Phaeacians, Telemachus, and Eumaeus. The first allies of Odysseus are the Phaeacians. When Odysseus "arrives in Phaeacia, ruled by Alcinous, Alcinous offers a ship to Odysseus and asks him to tell of his adventures" (Homer). The Phaeacians end up giving Odysseus a ship since he told his story. The next ally of Odysseus is his son, Telemachus. Telemachus helps Odysseus fight the suitors. Odysseus has to convince his son to fight with him, but he agrees when Odysseus says "suppose Athena's arm is over us, and Zeus her father's" (Homer lines 1110-1111). Odysseus is saying that the gods are on their side and Athena has Odysseus' back. The final suitor is Odysseus' old friend, Eumaeus. While Odysseus is disguised as a beggar, Athena "directs him to the hut of Eumaeus, his old and faithful swineherd" (Homer). Eumaeus doesn't realize that it is Odysseus but he still offers Odysseus food and shelter, even though he is disguised as a beggar.

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus only has one enemy throughout his entire journey. The enemies are the suitors, men who are trying to marry Odysseus' wife Penelope so they can rule Ithaca. The suitors are the enemies because they "took [Odysseus'] to plunder...[they] dared bid for [Odysseus'] wife while [Odysseus] was still alive" (Homer lines 1440-1441). Odysseus and Telemachus would end up killing all of the suitors.

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus has almost made it back to his home on Ithaca. Circe warned Odysseus and Odysseus' men not to eat Helios' cattle or they would be punished. Odysseus' men violated the greek value of hospitality when "in the end... hunger drove them to scour the wild shore...whatever fell into their hands" (Homer lines 848-852). Odysseus "withdrew from the interior to pray the gods in solitude, for hope that one might show [him] some way of salvation" (Homer lines 854-856). He asked for help in getting out of the situation, but the gods responded to him by making him fall asleep. While he was asleep, the men "drew up around their chosen beasts in ceremony...they strew the victims, performed the prayers and ritual, knifed the kine and flayed each carcass, cutting thighbones free" (Homer lines 882-887). Zeus would wake up to the smell of burning fat and blamed the gods for making him fall asleep. Zeus replied to this by punishing the men and said "let me throw down one white-hot bolt, and make splinters of their ship in the winedark sea" (Homer lines 918-919). All of Odysseus' men would be killed and Odysseus would be sent back to Charybdis. Even though Zeus punished Odysseus, he ended up helping Odysseus survive by sending him back to land. Odysseus was "buoyed up by the gods, upon Ogygia Isle" (Homer lines 990-991). Odysseus would make it on to his hardest test yet.

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus made it back to his home on Ithaca, but was faced with another challenge, fighting the suitors. Telemachus was alongside, helping him fight the suitors. Athena was also there to help Odysseus fight. Odysseus was "aided by Athena...and other faithful herdsman to kill all the suitors" (Homer). While they were there, the suitors violated hospitality. The suitors "took [Odysseus'] house to plunder...dared bid for [Odysseus'] wife" (Homer lines 1440-1441). Odysseus ended up killing Antinious first and then he and Telemachus killed the rest of the suitors. Odysseus would survive his final big test with the help of his son.

# data[].attributes.body
When Odysseus returns home, "Athena appears and informs him of the situation at home. Numerous suitors...have been continually seeking the hand of his wife...while overrunning Odysseus' palace" (Homer). He also learns that they are "plotting to murder Odysseus' son" (Homer). Polyphemus' wish was granted and Odysseus returned to an unhappy welcoming.

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus got his reward after along time waiting. The reward was he got to return home to Ithaca and be reunited with his family. Odysseus gets what he wanted all along: home and his family. "Odysseus is reunited with his father. Athena commands that peace prevail between Odysseus and the relatives of the slain suitors. Odysseus has regained his family and his kingdom" (Homer).

# data[].attributes.body
Odysseus has been a hero throughout the whole story, but becomes an epic hero because of all of the heroic traits he demonstrates: bravery, a skillful warrior, and intelligence. Odysseus shows bravery when he faces Polyphemus, the Cyclops. Odysseus came up with a plan that he and the men would hide under the rams. "Three abreast I tied them silently together, twining cords of willow from the ogre's bed; then slung a man under each middle one  to ride there safely, shielded left and right" (Homer lines 377-381). Odysseus also shows that he is a skillful warrior during the story. Odysseus is still disguised as a beggar when he does Penelope's challenge. "Penelope says she will marry the man who can string Odysseus's bow and shoot an arrow through twelve ax handle sockets" (Homer). Of course, Odysseus knows how to do this since it is his bow. Odysseus "in one motion strung the bow...now flashed arrow from twanging bow clean as a whistle through every socket ring, and grazed not one, to thud with heavy brazen head beyond" (Homer lines 1376-1392). Odysseus shows here that he is the real Odysseus. The final heroic trait Odysseus shows is that he is intelligent. He shows he is intelligent when he tells Polyphemus his name. "Cyclops, you ask my honorable name?...My name is Nohbdy: mother, father, and friends, everyone calls me Nohbdy" (Homer lines 312-316). He tells the Cyclops that this is his name because if the Cyclops ever gets questioned on what happened to him or who was with him, the answer is always "Nobody" so people won't know that the person is actually Odysseus. Odysseus also shows intelligence when he tells the Cyclops that his ship was destroyed so the Cyclops wouldn't go after the men still on the ship and kill them and destroy his ship. "My ship? Poseidon Lord , who sets the earth a-tremble, broke it up on the rocks at your land's end" (Homer lines 227-229). Odysseus shows many heroic traits during the Odyssey, but these are the main three traits that Odysseus shows.