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I will tell about Adhesive Disc

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Understanding the super adhesion mechanism of biological system is of great scientific interest and a prerequisite for bioinspired design of adhesive systems. To investigate the versatile climbing plant requires the development of new methods. Here I present strategies to fully study the super adhesive effect of climbing plant Parthenocissus tricuspidata by the first time measuring the mass and the attached area of single adhesive disc, by further determining the microscopic structure and the adhesive strength of single adhesive disc and by finally elucidating the adhesion mechanism in cellular and molecular level using the classical theories and the proposed new hypothesis and model. I have measured that a single mature adhesive disc has an average mass of only about 0.0005 g, an average attached area of about 1.22 sq mm and an adhesive force of about 13.7 N. I have found that a single adhesive disc can on average support a weight produced together by the stem, leaf, branchlet and tendril which is 260 times greater than its own weight during the growing, and can sustain the maximum pulling force which is 2,800,000 times higher than that produced by its own weight. Microscopic experiments show some new microstructures which have never been reported and reveal that the adhesive disc has super adhesive property which inspires us to fabricate a lot of mimic adhesives that have potential applications in biomedical science, bioelectronics and space science and technology.

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Understanding the super adhesion mechanism of biological system is of great scientific interest and a prerequisite for bioinspired design of adhesive systems. To investigate the versatile climbing plant requires the development of new methods. Here I present strategies to fully study the super adhesive effect of climbing plant Parthenocissus tricuspidata by the first time measuring the mass and the attached area of single adhesive disc, by further determining the microscopic structure and the adhesive strength of single adhesive disc and by finally elucidating the adhesion mechanism in cellular and molecular level using the classical theories and the proposed new hypothesis and model. I have measured that a single mature adhesive disc has an average mass of only about 0.0005 g, an average attached area of about 1.22 sq mm and an adhesive force of about 13.7 N. I have found that a single adhesive disc can on average support a weight produced together by the stem, leaf, branchlet and tendril which is 260 times greater than its own weight during the growing, and can sustain the maximum pulling force which is 2,800,000 times higher than that produced by its own weight. Microscopic experiments show some new microstructures which have never been reported and reveal that the adhesive disc has super adhesive property which inspires us to fabricate a lot of mimic adhesives that have potential applications in biomedical science, bioelectronics and space science and technology.

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I will tell about Bracts
Bracts- a modified leaf or scale, typically small, with a flower or flower cluster in its axil. Bracts are sometimes larger and more brightly coloured than the true flower, as in poinsettia. Function of bracts are such as  attracting pollinators and protecting inflorescences and bracts are sometimes defined as leaflike structure.  Bracts usually differ in shape or color from leaves and function differently.
Q- Is Bracts similar to Sepals of a flower?
No, as Sepals form the outermost whorl of the floral structure. They are mostly not always green and are leaf-like in appearance. ... Bract are specialized leaf and are associated with a reproductive structure flower. They can be of different colours and shapes.
Here is an image for your doughts get clear how the bracts looks and where it is situated.

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I will tell about Scale leaves
Scale leaves- They are typically thin,dry stalkless,membranous structures usually brownish in colour or sometimes colourless. Their function is to protect the axillary bud that they bear in their axil. Sometimes scale leaves are thick and fleshy,as in onion then their function is to store up water and food.

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leaf is the usually green and flat organ that represents the most prominent feature of most vegetative plants while bract is (botany) a leaf or leaf-like structure from the axil out of which a stalk of a flower or an inflorescence arises.

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I will tell about Leaf Margin
Leaf margin is the boundary area extending along the edge of the leaf .
Some basic types of margin that
are-
1- Entire = it have smooth edge.
2- Toothed = it have saw like margin with small tooth.
3- Lobed = having some type of indentation and incisions that go less than halfway to the midrib.
4- Parted = having some type of indentation and incisions that go more than halfway to the midrib.

Margins of the leaf help us to infentify the plant.

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I will tell about Phyllode
THE SOME PLANTS , THE PETIOLE BECOMES FLATTENED TAKING THE SHAPE OF A LEAF AND TURNS GREEN IN COLOUR . THIS IS KNOWN AS PHYLLODE.
THEY ARE COMMON IN GENUS ACACIA ESPECIALLY THE AUSTRALLIAN SPECIES , AT ONE TIME PUT IN ACACIA SUBG PHYLLONDINEAE . SOMETIMES, ESPECIALLY ON YOUNGER PLANTS , PARTIALY FORMED PHYLLODES BEARING REDUCED LEAVES CAN BE SEEN .PLANTRUM SPECIMEN SHOWS THE JUVENILE TRUE LEAVES , TOGETHER WITH THE DEVLOPING PHYLLODES , AND THE PHYLLODES OF THE MATURE PLANT .

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I will tell you about Leaf Tendrils..

Leaf tendrils are nothing but spring -like structures, so, they are thread like green structures. They acquire the structure like that of a spring  and these types of leaves are very sensitive to touch. Once they touch any support , they start coiling around that support. These type of plants, they are mostly having a weak stem. So since the stem is weak, and it cannot support its own structure,they require the help of these tendrils which help in climbing, otherwise these types of trees or plants that have weak stems will be lying on the ground and they cannot have proper sunlight because they will be coming under shade.

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I will tell you some amazing facts about Food storage.
As we all know that very common example of food storage is onion, so here the food is stored in leaves as you can see in the onion.

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here the leaves becomes fleshy, juicy due to the storage of water,mucilage and food materials.
How do leaves store food?
The normal green leaves are aerial and thick cylindrical. They perform photosynthesis, and food is stored in fleshy part which is under ground. Plants usually store food in their stem.

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I will tell about Reproductive leaves
Leaves modified for reproduction-form tiny plants at the edges of their leaves. ... Air plants, a succulent, have little notches along their leaf margins where new plant are produced with leaves and roots of their own. The baby plants will produce even if the parent leaf is separated from the rest of the plant Reproductive Plant Parts

External plant structures such as leaves, stems, roots, flowers, fruits and seeds are known as plant organs. ...

As a plant's reproductive part, a flower contains a stamen (male flower part) or pistil (female flower part), or both, plus accessory parts such as sepals, petals, and nectar glands

In plants there are two modes of reproduction, asexual and sexual. There are several methods of asexual reproduction such as fragmentation, budding, spore formation and vegetative propagation. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes. Type of reproductive leaf

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I will tell you some amazing facts about Thorns.
In plant morphology,thorns,spines,and prickles,and in general spinose structures,are hard ,rigid or stems or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve same function: physically deterring animals from eating the the plant material. The thorn is technically a modified, sharp-pointed stem. It occurs in the axil of a leaf where a branch would normally develop.
Some Examples of thorn plants are: Hawthorn, Crategus .

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I will tell about Compound leaves
A leaf composed of a number of leaflets on a common stalk, arranged either palmately, as the fingers of a hand, or pinnately, as the leaflets of a fern; the leaflets themselves may be compound Rose, Neem, Baobab, Desert cotton are the some of the examples of compound leaves. Compound leaf along with the main leaf, it has many leaflets joint to the stem through petiole and shows the complete division of the lamina or leaf blade along the midvein. A simple leaf blade is undivided. The blade of a compound leaf is divided into several leaflets. Each leaf, whether simple or compound, has a bud at its base (on the twig). There are no buds at the base of each leaflet

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I will tell about Fleshy leaves

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I will tell about Leaf bladder
Leaf Bladder- In such plants, the segments of the leaves are modified into bladders. These plants are found in water. The inner wall is provided with digestive glands which helps in digesting the trapped insect.The Leaf Bladder is mostly found in insectivorous plants. The bladders help in trapping prey and water. In Nepenthes, the leaf is modified into pitcher. Hence, it is called as pitcher plant so the best example of leaf is pitcher plant.