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When writing out the equations one must consider the math the equations that are written out that is why it is crucial for math to be involved

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Nuclear chemists work with various isotopic forms of elements to study fission and fusion processes, or they delve into the effects of ionizing radiation on materials, living organisms (including people), and the environment. Nuclear chemists may work in laboratories, or they may do theoretical work—and often, they do some of both.

Nuclear chemists may work in academic or government laboratories doing basic, applied, or theoretical research. They may also work in private industry, at nuclear power plants, or in medical facilities that offer radiation treatments and medical imaging.

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The bombastic claim was made in a commentary released by state-run media on Tuesday, six days after what North Korea claims was a successful test detonation of a hydrogen bomb.

The statement repeated the regime's insistence that the blast was of a miniaturised hydrogen bomb and that the nation's scientists had achieved a "new high state" in the development of defensive nuclear weapons.

"The test was neither to 'threaten' anyone, not to 'provoke' someone for a certain purpose", KCNA said in the article, adding that the purpose of the test was to provide a "sure guarantee" that hostile outside forces would not attack the North.

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North Korea has declared that its recent nuclear test has given it the capability to "wipe out the whole territory of the US all at once".

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Hydrogen Bomb vs. Atomic Bomb: What’s The Difference?

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A scene from our PBS documentary "Dr. Teller's Very Large Bomb" (with perhaps a bit too much information on how to build your own hydrogen bomb.) (Complete hour-long documentary available at www.foolishearthling.com)

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The presumable structure of a thermonuclear bomb is as follows: at its center is an atomic bomb; surrounding it is a layer of lithium deuteride (a compound of lithium and deuterium, the isotope of hydrogen with mass number 2); around it is a tamper, a thick outer layer, frequently of fissionable material, that holds the contents together in order to obtain a larger explosion. Neutrons from the atomic explosion cause the lithium to fission into helium, tritium (the isotope of hydrogen with mass number 3), and energy. The atomic explosion also supplies the temperatures needed for the subsequent fusion of deuterium with tritium, and of tritium with tritium (50,000,000°C and 400,000,000°C, respectively). Enough neutrons are produced in the fusion reactions to produce further fission in the core and to initiate fission in the tamper.

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The first thermonuclear bomb was exploded in 1952 at Enewetak by the United States, the second in 1953 by Russia (then the USSR). Great Britain, France, and China have also exploded thermonuclear bombs, and these five nations comprise the so-called nuclear club—nations that have the capability to produce nuclear weapons and admit to maintaining an inventory of them.

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Other Countries Test Thermonuclear weapons

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Other Countries Test Thermonuclear weapons

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Please look at the video in the link witch is down below

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If true, it now possesses something much more powerful than the weapons it has tested in the past.

The nuclear age is has entered its eighth decade, and while relatively few nations possess the power, the potential consequences of North Korea upping its nuclear game from a basic atomic bomb to a hydrogen bomb has caught the world's attention.

A quick lesson in fission versus fusion

If Pyongyang has mastered the technology, it has made a major step forward in its nuclear capabilities.

The plutonium-based atomic weapons it tested up until this point were powerful enough -- the United States dropped such weapons on Japan to end World War II -- but a hydrogen bomb ups the ante many times over.

Atomic bombs use a process called fission. They split plutonium and/or uranium into smaller atoms in a chain reaction that releases massive amounts of energy.

The A-bombs dropped by American forces on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 killed more than 200,000 people.

H-bombs use fusion, the same process that powers the sun. In a hydrogen (thermonuclear) bomb, "heavy" isotopes of hydrogen are forced together to release a much bigger punch -- hundreds or even thousands of times more powerful than the only nuclear weapons that have been used in warfare.

"What thermonuclear weapons do is increase the potential yield by enormous amounts. The amounts that can be released by thermonuclear weapons are phenomenal," said Martin Navias, senior fellow at the Centre for Defence Studies at King's College, London.

The most powerful nuclear weapon ever detonated was the Tzar Bomba, a hydrogen bomb tested by the Soviet Union in 1961, he said. Its blast of 50,000 kilotons, or 50 megatons, dwarfing the force of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs.

With the development of an H-bomb, reclusive North Korea would be that much more of a threat.

A quick lesson in how it works

A hydrogen bomb is a complex bit of machinery. It's basically two bombs in one.

While it gets its bang from the fusion reaction, it takes a lot of heat to get the process started -- to get the atoms to smash together and start a nuclear chain reaction. That's why they're called thermonuclear weapons.

What better way to do that with than another much smaller nuclear weapon? An atomic bomb works as the trigger to set off the hydrogen bomb. The two explosions occur in virtually the same instant.

The nuclear arsenals of the United States, Russia, United Kingdom, France and China include these types of weapons.

India and Pakistan have nuclear weapons, but none are believed to be thermonuclear.

A quick lesson in history

Atomic bombs have been only used twice in warfare -- both times by the United States and both times on Japan. The devastation led to Japan's unconditional surrender and brought an end to World War II.

Hydrogen bombs have never been used in war, although there have been times when the world seemed to be on the brink. The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 is the most prominent example.

The major nuclear powers have gradually backed away from that brink over the years. In recent decades the Cold War adversaries have rolled back their nuclear arsenals.

A quick look at the nuclear powers

Since dawn of the nuclear age, at least eight nations have conducted a total of more than 2,000 nuclear test explosions.

The United States was first, detonating an atomic bomb in New Mexico on July 16, 1945. In the ensuing years, the U.S. was joined by the Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France, China, India, Pakistan and North Korea. (Israel also is believed to have nuclear weapons, but has never officially said so).

The U.S., UK and USSR agreed to end above-ground testing in 1963. The Soviet Union's last underground test was in 1990, and Russia, which inherited the arsenal after the USSR's in 1991, has not conducted any since. Britain (1991), the U.S. (1992), France and China (both 1996) also have ceased testing their weapons.

India and Pakistan conducted nuclear tests in 1998.

North Korea is the only nation to have conducted any nuclear tests this century, in 2006, 2009, 2013 and this year.

How do North Korea's nuclear capabilities stack up?

It has not been confirmed that North Korea has successfully tested a miniaturized H-bomb.

Navias, for one, says he does not believe North Korea's claim.

"Their rhetoric tends to run ahead of their actual capabilities," he told CNN.

Wednesday's test yielded a blast of a similar magnitude to a previous North Korean test in 2013, he said.

"One would have expected the yield (from an H-bomb) to have been far greater," he said.

"What they may have done is boosted their fission weapon by introducing various hydrogen isotopes."

Nevertheless, North Korea's advances in nuclear weapons technology are real and cause for concern, he said.

While Pyongyang does not have intercontinental ballistic missile technology that would enable it to strike the West Coast of the United States, it has missiles capable of striking South Korea, Japan and U.S. military bases in the region, he said.

North Korea still needs to make "very challenging" advancements in miniaturizing nuclear warheads to be able to fit them onto missiles, and to improve its missile guidance systems, he said. But it is undoubtedly making efforts to advance in these areas.

"There are people out there that know this stuff," he said.

It also claims to have recently tested a submarine-launched ballistic missile, he said -- a technology that, if mastered, "would be a completely different level of threat."

"I don't think they've reached anywhere with those things, but they're moving steadily in that direction and the outside world has little leverage," he said. "The only people who have any influence over them are the Chinese, and that influence is pretty limited."

"If left unattended, it's not unreasonable to assume that in the long run, all these things will realize themselves."

Will Pyongyang seek to wage war if it develops a long-range nuclear strike capability?

Navius said it was unlikely that North Korea seeks to wage war on the United States or other foreign power, despite seeing itself as under threat. More likely, the isolated regime is seeking use nuclear capability to gain greater leverage on the international stage.

However, Navius said, nuclear proliferation carries its own inherent risk, especially in such an unstable part of the world.

"The danger is that sometimes when you have this kind of escalation, escalation has its own dynamic," he said. "You may enter into a war even when none of the parties want one."

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If true, it now possesses something much more powerful than the weapons it has tested in the past. The nuclear age is has entered its eighth decade, and while relatively few nations possess the power, the potential consequences of North Korea upping its nuclear game from a basic atomic bomb to a hydrogen bomb has caught the world's attention.

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Theoretical physicist Edward Teller, who would later be known as "the father of the hydrogen bomb," wrote this letter on September 18,1944 recommending the services of Mr. Wilkins for a new position. Mr. Wilkins was an African American mathematician who could no longer work with his team because they were moving to Oak Ridge, Tennessee - site "X."

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The Nuclear Arms Race

On your marks. Get set. Race! Nuclear arms race, that is. In this lesson, we will be learning about the nuclear arms race between the two superpowers. So, what exactly was the nuclear arms race? The nuclear arms race was a competition between the United States and the Soviet Union for nuclear weapons superiority lasting throughout the Cold War.

The nuclear arms race began in earnest immediately after the United States successfully exploded two atomic bombs over Japan in 1945. It is commonly held that the nuclear arms race came to an end in conjunction with the fall of communism in 1991. The 1950s and 1960s were particularly tense, and in many ways best characterize the dynamics of the nuclear arms race.

The Beginning of the Race

During World War II, the United States government set out on the top-secret task of developing the world's first atomic bomb. Codenamed the Manhattan Project, it culminated in the successful explosion of two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. As we all know, the dropping of these bombs, nicknamed 'Little Boy' and 'Fat Man,' convinced Japan to surrender, thus bringing about the end of the Second World War.

This was a major achievement for the United States. Think about it: the United States ushered in the atomic age, and had a monopoly on the world's deadliest weapon. Jealous of the United States' new technology, and not wanting to be outdone, the Soviet Union was determined to develop their own atomic bomb as soon as possible.

The United States and its Western European allies tried to prevent the Soviets from gaining atomic technology. In 1946, they proposed the Baruch Plan, in which they called for the formation of an international organization to monitor and regulate atomic weapons development. The Soviets realized this was designed to stop them from gaining the bomb, and they rejected the plan. Through espionage and their own independent research, the Soviet Union developed their own atomic bomb project in the years following World War II. In August 1949, the Soviets successfully conducted their first atomic weapons test, codenamed First Lightning.

At this point in history, the United States and the Soviet Union were the only two countries to possess nuclear weapons. You can imagine what happened next; both countries scrambled to build more nuclear weapons than the other. Bada-bing, bada-boom - we have ourselves a nuclear arms race.

The 1950s and 1960s

The nuclear arms race heated up throughout the 1950s. Stunned that the Soviets had been able to develop an atomic bomb of their own so quickly, President Harry Truman decided to 'up the ante' by declaring that the United States intended to develop a more powerful hydrogen bomb. In January 1950, Truman declared:

'It is part of my responsibility as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces to see to it that our country is able to defend itself against any possible aggressor. Accordingly, I have directed the AEC to continue its work on all forms of atomic weapons, including the so-called hydrogen or Super bomb.'

Codenamed Ivy Mike, the United States exploded the world's first hydrogen bomb in November 1952. The Soviets followed with their own hydrogen bomb a few years later. In the early years of the arms race, the United States held a lead, but throughout the 1960s and 1970s the Soviet Union began to close the gap.

The development of intercontinental ballistic missiles, or ICBMs in the late 1950s, changed the contours of Cold War military strategy. An ICBM is a long-range ballistic missile. The key word here is 'intercontinental.' That says it all. Intercontinental ballistic missiles are capable of being launched from one continent to another. In the context of the Cold War, ICBMs were designed to carry nuclear warheads. The world's first ICBM was the Soviet R-7. The United States followed shortly after with their Atlas Missile.

Because both superpowers were capable of pushing a button and virtually obliterating one another within a matter of minutes, military theorists formulated the doctrine of mutually assured destruction, or MAD. According to this view, if one country launched missiles, the other, having a few minutes' notice before impact, would retaliate by launching missiles also. Both countries, therefore, would be destroyed. Some viewed this doctrine as a deterrent to war because both countries would be less likely to launch missiles knowing that it would only result in mutual destruction.

The nuclear arms race resulted in widespread anxiety for both the American and Soviet peoples. In the United States, some families built homemade underground bomb shelters. In many schools, students practiced 'Duck and Cover' drills, in which they would crawl under their desk and cover their heads with their hands. This drill was designed to prepare students for a potential nuclear explosion. If you ask a parent or a 'baby-boomer' about this, many will tell you they grew up experiencing this drill in school as a child.

One of the most critical moments of the nuclear arms race was the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. When an American spy plane discovered missile sites in Cuba, a mere 90 miles from American soil, it presented a major diplomatic confrontation between President John F. Kennedy and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. Kennedy was advised by some military leaders to launch a strike against the missile sites, but instead he issued an order to blockade Cuba, while secretly negotiating with the Nikita Khrushchev. A deal was worked out, and the Soviets ended up removing the missiles from Cuba. Throughout the Cuban Missile Crisis many Americans feared they were standing on the brink of World War III.

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the effects of the nuclear arms race on cold war politics - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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The Effects of the Nuclear Arms Race on Cold War Politics - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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On your marks. Get set. Race! Nuclear arms race, that is. In this lesson, we will be learning about the nuclear arms race between the two superpowers. So, what exactly was the nuclear arms race? The nuclear arms race was a competition between the United States and the Soviet Union for nuclear weapons superiority lasting throughout the Cold War.

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The way it works is the energy that is made comes from nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes. In an atomic bomb, uranium or plutonium is split into lighter elements that together weigh less than the original atoms, the remainder of the mass appearing as energy.

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Edward Teller

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Edward Teller