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1450 CE to 1750

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Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures

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Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures

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1. Foot binding - practice in China used to shrink women's feet - strengthens the patriarchy

2. Patriarchy in China became much more strong and strict largely as an act to preserve the wealth of the family

3. The veiling of women is a Muslim practice that is used to deter the eyes of men and emphasize attributes other than physical beauty

4. Muslim culture encourages conservative practices, but also has major focus on protecting women by providing dowries to brides families and outlawing female infanticide

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Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems

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Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems

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1. India is self-sufficient; trades staple foods internally

2. Porcelain, metallurgy, gunpowder, and printing are major exports out of China

3. Major staple foods and new farming techniques are a major trading commodity

4. The Grand Canal in China allows for better transportation of products

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Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict

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Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict

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1. Urban growth is on the rise in all regions in both Asia and the Middle East

2. Increased agriculture production leads to increased population

3. Japan began to politically decentralize in local regions

4. Hindu Kingdoms develop in Southern India

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Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Culture

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Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Culture

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1. Islamic expansion occurred in the early 600s

2. Hinduism becomes more popular and attracts tourists from distant places such as China

3. The division of Christianity into Eastern and Western factions leads to tension and violence

4. Buddhism becomes more popular, especially in China, as a response to the rigid policies of the dominating Confucianism

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Theme 1: Interaction between Humans and the Environment

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Theme 1: Interaction between Humans and the Environment

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1. The Islamic Territories take advantage of the natural resources of the land they've conquered including the Euphrates River, Tigris River, and Nile River

2. Religious structures are carved on the sides of mountains by Northern Arabs expressing their devotion to Christianity

3. People who travel often such as merchants discover new agricultural techniques and bring them back to their homes; the spread of food

4. The spread of cotton and natural dyes such as indigo and henna leads to growth in textile industry

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600 CE to 1450

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Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures

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Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures

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1. Greece adopted Patriarchal family structures

2. Aristocratic families of Greek began popularizing use of slaves

3. Buddhism spread to counteract the strict social structure of the Hindu Caste System

4. Social tensions grew during period between wealthy and poor classes of China, leading to multiple uprisings and rebellions

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Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems

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Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems

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1. Agricultural products of Greece include olives and grapes

2.  Political relationships with foreign peoples drew India into long distance commercial trade

3. Costly military adventures in central Asia during period put economic strain on China

4. Economic organization took place in Mediterranean ex. Greek businesses formed partnerships to spread risk of commercial ventures

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Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict

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Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict

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1. Yellow Turban Uprising took place in China; peasant class rebelled because wealthy lived in luxury while poor suffered

2. Athens used democracy as form of government

3. Greece under imperial system; India under dynastic system

4. China, southwest Asia, and Mediterranean Basin had large imperial states

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Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Culture

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Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Culture

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1. Aristotle's philosophy introduced to Rome. Philosophers use sense to find accurate information about the world

2. Greeks had religious cults that conducted ritual observances

3. Buddhism developed in India during period

4. Greeks had multiple gods with powers related to natural elements and myths to support ideas on gods

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Theme 1: Interaction between Humans and the Environment 

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Theme 1: Interaction between Humans and the Environment 

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1. Parthian and Sasanid empire settled from Babylonia to Parthia w/ Tigris River and Persian Gulf

2. wooden harrow: plow with iron teeth used in China created combinig advancements in tool building and iron metallurgy

3. Gupta Empire settled from Punjab to Gujarat

4. Roman Empire extended across Africa, Middle East, and Europe

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600 BCE - 600 CE

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Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures 

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Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures 

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1. Hinduism devised a strict protocol of social castes based on birth family with no movement or interaction between castes in one's lifetime

2. Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties had class of ruling elites/hereditary privileged class

3. Chinese had system of Veneration of Ancestors, in which elder who die pass on to a new realm of existence from which they can support and protect their surviving family members

4. The people of the Pacific Islands are known as Austronesian Peoples because they speak Austronesian languages, relatives to Malayan and Polynesian

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Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems 

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Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems 

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1. Agriculture created surplus, so the first economic system was bartering of grain and crops

2.  Small class of free artisans and craftsmen produced goods for the elites in ancient Chinese cities

3.  Trade networks connected China to India and southwest Asia

4. Chinese society expanded southward to the Yangzi River

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Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict

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Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict

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1. The earliest empire; Argon the Great in Ancient Sumer circa 2200 BCE

2. Some agricultural societies in northern India recognized a council of elders as political authority

3. Early Chinese societies were politically organized by dynasties, the earliest being Xia and Shang dynasties

4. The Zhou Dynasty used the Mandate of Heaven to determine who should be given the right to govern

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Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Culture

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Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Culture

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1. Early Egyptian settlements traded by traveling up and down the Nile River

2. Settlements pursued art in pottery and cave paintings

3. The Shang Dynasty pursued bronze metallurgy

4. Architecture in early societies of the Americas includes the construction of large and complex temples such as the Temple of the Giant Jaguar

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Theme 1: Interaction between Humans and the Environment

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Theme 1: Interaction between Humans and the Environment

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1. Nomadic cave dwellers lived off the land, hunting and gathering

2. Sedentary villages developed agriculture

3. Settlements most common in areas with warmer climates

4. Sedentary villages made advancements in tool building

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River Valley Civilization era (3000 BCE - 600 BCE)