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In this chapter, the authors maintain that "clearly the early factory system did not shower its benefits evenly on all." What relevant historical evidence can you find in this chapter or the previous ones that supports, modifies, or refutes this assertion?
Supports
Class division became a major issue in American Society. Factory owners lived luxurious lives while their workers had to struggle to feed their families. Between 1820-1860, there was only a 1% rise in wages of factory workers when there should have been more economic development in the lower class.

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How did the market revolution effect where international migrants came to AND its effect on the westward movement of Americans? (pp.280-287, 288-289)
America became known by the migrants as the "land of freedom and opportunity". The introduction of transatlantic steamships allowed for migrants to come steadily and cheaply. During the "Black Forties" the Irish began to flee for America. The migrants were too poor to move west, so they moved to large seaboard cities, in particular Boston and New York. Migrants also came largely from Germany. Unlike the Irish migrants, the Germans possessed a modest amount of material goods. Most of them moved to the lands of the Middle West, notably Wisconsin, where the settled and started farms.
With all of these foreign migrants, antiforeignism began to flare. Nativist's began to speak up about the migrant issue and created the "Order of the Star-Spangled Banner", which was also known as the "Know-Nothing" party. They began to feed off of fear promoting literature such as Awful Disclosures by Maria Monk.

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How did entrepreneurs help create a market revolution in production and commerce, in which market relationships between producers and consumers came to prevail as the manufacture of goods became more organized?(pp.290-292, 296-297)
This relationship was started by the creation of a "Limited Liability Corporation". An LLC insured that if a company went bad, an investor could only lose what he invested. This assurance caused more people to invest in business which facilitated the growth of the market as a whole. One side affect of the creation of a factory system was the exploitation of workers, which would eventually lead to the creation of labor unions. These unions would make demands of the company and would often go on strike to force these demands(although many were unsuccessful).

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How did innovations, including textile machinery, steam engines, interchangeable parts, the telegraph, and agricultural inventions, increase the efficiency of production methods?(pp. 287; 290-292; 296-304)
The innovation of textile machinery can be largely credited to Eli Whitney, who created the cotton gin. The cotton gin, which is short for engine, was fifty times more effective than the handpicking process. Another innovation was the steam engine, which was successfully used in a vessel called the Clermont by Robert Fulton. The steamboat transformed the waterways into two way arteries, which doubled the capacity. The steamboats were very quick and linked the economies of the South and West. The principle of interchangeable parts was invented by Eli Whitney, which allowed for mass production of many goods such as the famous Colt Revolver. Another innovation that increased production and efficiency was the telegraph
created by Samuel Morse. The telegraph provided instant communication which allowed for the communication between businessmen. Two agricultural inventions where the mechanical reaper and the steel plow. The mechanical reaper, invented by Cyrus McCormick was used to harvest grains such as wheat. The steel plow was invented by John Deere, which enabled farmers to cut into the hard Midwest soil. These two inventions changed the mindset from "grow to eat" to "grow to sell".

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How did legislation and judicial systems support the development of roads, canals, and railroads, which extended and enlarged markets and helped foster regional interdependence. (p.298-306)
The legislative and judicial systems supported the development of roads, canals, and railroads in many ways. One of the ways the legislative system supported this development was through protective tariffs which were passed in 1816, 1824, and 1828, which helped American businesses to compete with the British. One of the ways the legislative and judicial system supported this development was by permitting the funding to build the National Road (also known as the Cumberland Road). Another one of the ways the legislative and judicial system supported this development was through the building of the New York section of the Erie Canal. Governor De Witt Clinton and merchants made an agreement to use tax revenue to pay for the building of the canal that would link Western rivers with the Atlantic Ocean.Another one of the ways the legislative and judicial system supported this development was  by allowing states to issue charters for railroads, which heed them get built and further tied the Northern states together. One legal issue created during this developmental array was interstate trade commerce. This was decided in Gibbons v. Ogden which saw the Supreme Court expanding the definition of commerce, and securing control of interstate trade for Supreme Court.

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How did transportation networks link the North and Midwest more closely than either was linked to the South? (p.292-306)
The major goal of the transportation revolution was to link the West with the rest of the nation. Roads, canals, and railroads linked the nation, although the South was left largely to use its rivers. The Erie Canal was a huge development in the transportation network of America. This development angered the south by stealing much of the Mississippi Rivers commerce. This development of transportation between the allied North and West created the notion of "division of labor" which marked each region of the country with a specific specialization. A split began for form between the South and the North/West alliance. The alliance between the south and west was broken because of the focus on transportation between the west and north instead of the west and south. These developments isolated the south.

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How did the changes, caused by the market revolution, have on US society, workers' lives, and gender and family relations? (pp. 304-306)
With the creation of factories came female labor. In some textile factories women worked, bunked in dorms, and were able to take classes. Other opportunities for women began to emerge in careers such as nursing, domestic service, and teaching. These women were often young and single, due to the commonality that with marriage they would stay at home and raise their families. The market revolution also changed the size of families and the notion of home. Families could no longer afford to feed as many children, so smaller families became the norm. The home also changed from a place of work to a place of rest.

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How did the growth of manufacturing drive a significant increase in prosperity and standards of living for some? (pp.304-306)
The class divide began to grow just as the growth of manufacturing. The factory owners became very rich, while the average American worker was struggling. Social mobility was uncommon, but it did happen in some cases. These cases were known as rags-to-riches. American prosperity and opportunity was the reason immigrants chose to travel to the New World. Wages began to rise a little, and so did the standard of living despite all of the economic despair.