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1. Hand Compass because if we did not have a hand compass we could get lost easily.  The compass will inform us on which way to go if we get lost.

2) Mosquito Curtains because they would protect us from the annoying mosquitos while we are sleeping.  Some mosquitoes carry illnesses or some members may be allergic so we cannot allow them to be biting us all night.

3) Writing paper, ink and crayons because without these, one of your goals is completely destroyed.  Without these you cannot make a map which was one of the main goals.

4) Quadrant because it would help tell you how tall the mountains are which is good scientific information.  Also it is good to know how high you are in the mountains.

5) Chronometer because it is needed to calculate longitude.  You can use longitude to find out where you are which would help you make an accurate map.

6) 30 steels for striking to make fire because you can use the fire for light, to cook meat, and many more things.  Fire is necessary to survival.

7) 288 knives because Indians really like metal and they can use the knives to help themselves.  They would use the knives to carve wood or to kill animals and it would help them out a lot.

8) Coats because we need a way to stay warm especially during the winter.

9) Blankets because it can get very cold at night and the blankets can keep you warm.

10) 10 ½ pounds of fishing hooks and fishing lines so we can fish, then cook the fish, and then we have food.

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Private Reuben Field was born in 1772 in Culpepper County, Virginia.  Reuben was thought to have already been known to Captain Lewis before his enlistment with him on August 1st, 1803.  This enlistment was the first person to be enlisted on the expedition.  He was Raised in Kentucky, and was know as one of the “Nine young men from Kentucky.”

He served during the expedition as one of the two most valuable men.  He was an excellent woodsmen and hunter, and usually accompanied one or the other of the captains.  Captain Lewis wrote about how him and his brother were great brothers and him and Lewis both trusted them.  So it is pretty obvious they were important and they helped out alot.

Upon completion of the mission, Lewis in summarizing the worth or his exploring companions, wrote that Joseph and Reuben Field were: “Two of the most active and enterprising young men who accompanied us.  It was their peculiar fate to have been engaged in all the most dangerous and difficult scenes of the voyage, in which they uniformly acquitted themselves with much honor.  If the two leaders have something like that to say, then you were obviously a huge help to the crew.

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Plant:

The Clarkia pulchella was one of the many plants they discovered on the trip.  The Clarkia pulchella is a purple flower.  This flower belongs to the Order known as “Myrtales.”  The Clarkia pulchella splits into four part at the top.  This causes the plant to look almost like a tree when it comes to it’s shape.
Lewis and Clark probably thought this was a very interesting plant for many reasons.  First of all, it has a very unique shape for a flower.  Second, it is a very bright color.  Third, the flowers grow in huge packs so they probably at first just saw a huge field of purple.  And lastly, some of these flowers form very cool shapes that sometimes look like a snowflake for example.

Animal:

The buffalo was probably a very crazy sight to see for them.  You could look over a hill and see millions of buffalo, and that probably seemed very weird seeing it for the first time.  Lewis and Clark said they saw so many buffalo that at one point they had to “club them out of the way.”  Buffalo are also very big so it was probably a scary experience seeing that many, especially if they didn’t know if they were hostile or not.
The buffalo, also known as the bison, is a very big animal, weighing in at about 1,400.  The buffalo is one of the icons of the United States, along with the bald eagle.  The animal is referred to as “buffalo,” which is “boeuf” in French, meaning “large cow.”  There are many different kinds of buffalo.  To name a few, there is the Cape Buffalo, the Water Buffalo, and the American Buffalo.

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The Nez Perce tribe lived in modern day Idaho where they still own their own reservation.  The tribe was very helpful to the Corps of Discovery and potentially saved their lives.  When the crew first came out of the mountains, the Nez Perce tribe considered killing the strangers.  But they ended up providing aid at a time when their help was critical to the survival of the members.  In September of 1805, the men were nearly starving and Clark says, “those people gave us Small piece of Buffalow meat, Some dried Salmon berries and roots in different States… I find myself very unwell all evening from eating the fish and roots too freely.”

What the tribe was like before today was pretty normal for them.  They hunted and fished a lot.  The men caught salmon and other fish, and they also hunted in the forests for deer, elk, and other game.  But later in the tribe’s history, once they obtained horses, they began to follow the buffalo herds like their Plains Indian neighbors.

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Fort Clatsop:

Location: Absolute Location: 46.1879° N, 123.8313° W

Relative Location: East of the Pacific Ocean, Southwest of Seattle, Northwest of Portland, and in Oregon.

Place: Very warm place on the coast of the North Pacific Ocean and The Columbia River.  Some animals that live in this region are Coyotes, wolves, foxes, bears, raccoons, weasels, badgers, otters, skunks, and many more.

The Chinook tribe lived in modern Northwest Oregon along the Columbia River.  They were great fishers and traders.  They lived off the produce from the river and ocean and make their houses and canoes out of plank for Red Cedar trees.  A lot of their clothing items were also made from the bark of cedar trees.

Region: The Chinook tribe spoke the language known as Penutian.  These people used tattoos to decorate their skins and re-shaped their heads according to the customs of their people.  This lead to the nickname called “Flatheads.”  These people were very friendly and curious people, and were not very hostile.  These people also followed their own cultural heritage and beliefs.  Their religion consisted of a spiritual mythology based no protective spirits and animal deities, such as the blue jay and coyote.

Movement: The Chinook tribe used dugout canoes from cedar trees to move from place to place.  These canoes were very strong and could hold up against strong waters.  This tribe also used canoes to bury people that died, and put in items with them that they take with them to the afterlife.

These Native Americans were great traders.  So good, that they are known today for trading.  Although they were good traders, they still had trouble trading sometimes because of language differences.  But, they overcame and were still known for being very friendly and good traders.

Interaction: The Chinook tribe adapted to their environment because they used things from the Columbia River and the Pacific Ocean for use of trade and eating.  They fished, and then either traded the meat or ate the fish themself.  They also took advantage of all the trees around them and made their canoes and homes out of the Red Cedar trees.

Camp River Dubois:

Location: Absolute Location: 38.8612° N, 90.0976° W

Relative Location: North of St. Louis, South of Peoria, East of Columbia, and West of Louisville.

Place: Wood River, IL has a humid continental climate which changes a lot and is unpredictable a lot of times.  Some animals that live in the area are cardinals, butterflies, white-tailed deer, and bluegill.

The Illini tribe speak the language known as “Algonquian.”  This language was also spoken in Indiana and late Oklahoma.  Although these languages do not exist anymore, Miami and Peoria nations are learning to speak their ancestral language again.  The Indians that lived in this area were called the Confederate Peoria's.  They bordered the Great Lakes, and they were descendants of those who created the great mound civilizations in the central United States.

Region: The people that lived in this area had the great lakes nearby and used it to their advantage.  They had Tribal Emblems and everything on the Emblem meant something different.  For example, the red arrow represents the sun.  They worked very hard to preserve their heritage and customs.  The arrowhead points downward, indicating peace, but they will still not be suppressed.

Movement: The Illini people made dugout canoes by hollowing out large trees.  These were obviously used for water travel.  While on land they traveled on foot with dogs with them, used as pack dogs.  They did not have horses because the Europeans hadn’t brought them over yet.  The dogs carried backpacks or pulled wooden drag sleds called travois.

Interaction: They adapted to their environment by using wood from the trees to create canoes.  They used these canoes for very quick travel across the Wood River.  They also took advantage of the dogs living nearby and used the dogs to help them while traveling on foot.  They also used their wood and other items to trade with nearby tribes.