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The president is responsible for key military decisions that define military policy and strategy.

The president is a civilian, not an active member of the military.

During a war, presidents often claim increased powers to protect the nation.

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The president directs the foreign policy of the United States, making key decisions about the relations the United States has with other countries in the world.

The president can negotiate and sign treaties, sign executive agreements with foreign heads of state, and recognize foreign governments.

Two-thirds of the Senate must approve all treaties before they can go into effect.

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The president also has the authority to make executive agreements with other countries.

Executive Agreements: Legally binding pact between the president and the head of a foreign government that does not require Senate approval.

Most diplomatic executive agreements involve routine matters, but some presidents have used executive agreements to conclude more serious arrangements with other countries.

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Given by the president to Congress once a year.

Usually the president describes legislative priorities.

The address calls attention to the president’s ideas about how to solve key problems facing the country.

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The president’s role as chief economic planner was not set out in the Constitution but developed over time.

Banking Act: Gives the president the authority to appoint the seven members that direct the Federal Reserve System.

Federal Reserve System: The central banking system of the United States.

Council of Economic Advisers:
Presidential advisers who study the economy and advise the president on domestic and international economic policies.