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The term active learning "was introduced by the English scholar R W Revans (1907–2003)."[1] Bonwell (1991) "states that in active learning, students participate in the process and students participate when they are doing something besides passively listening." (Weltman, p. 7) Active learning is "a method of learning in which students are actively or experientially involved in the learning process and where there are different levels of active learning, depending on student involvement. (Bonwell & Eison 1991). In the Association for the Study of Higher Education (ASHE) report the authors discuss a variety of methodologies for promoting "active learning". They cite literature that indicates that to learn, students must do more than just listen: They must read, write, discuss, or be engaged in solving problems. It relates to the three learning domains referred to as knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSA), and that this taxonomy of learning behaviours can be thought of as "the goals of the learning process".[2] In particular, students must engage in such higher-order thinking tasks as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.[3] Active learning engages students in two aspects – doing things and thinking about the things they are doing

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Social learning theory is a theory of learning and social behavior which proposes that new behaviors can be acquired by observing and imitating others. It states that learning is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. In addition to the observation of behavior, learning also occurs through the observation of rewards and punishments, a process known as vicarious reinforcement. When a particular behavior is rewarded regularly, it will most likely persist; conversely, if a particular behavior is constantly punished, it will most likely desist. The theory expands on traditional behavioral theories, in which behavior is governed solely by reinforcements, by placing emphasis on the important roles of various internal processes in the learning individual.

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M-learning or mobile learning is "learning across multiple contexts, through social and content interactions, using personal electronic devices".[1]:page 4 A form of distance education, m-learners use mobile device educational technology at their time convenience

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Trends in Learning 2016 - 7: Mobile Learning

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Part 7 of the Trends in Learning presentation by The Open University's Mike Sharples, Professor of Educational Technology, Institute of Educational Technology, and Simon Tindall, Head of New Business, at the CIPD's Learning and Development Show in May 2016. The latest innovations in learning and their potential impacts on workplace L&D.

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Personalized learning, individualized instruction, personal learning environment and direct instruction all refer to efforts to tailor education to meet the different needs of students

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Blended learning is an education program (formal or non-formal) that combines online digital media with traditional classroom methods. It requires the physical presence of both teacher and student, with some elements of student control over time, place, path, or pace.[1][2][3][4] While students still attend "brick-and-mortar" schools with a teacher present, face-to-face classroom practices are combined with computer-mediated activities regarding content and delivery.[5][6] Blended learning is also used in professional development and training settings

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Flipped learning is a pedagogical approach in which the conventional notion of classroom-based learning is inverted, so that students are introduced to the learning material before class, with classroom time then being used to deepen understanding through discussion with peers and problem-solving activities facilitated by teachers.

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E-learning theory describes the cognitive science principles of effective multimedia learning using electronic educational technology