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Tasmanian Devil
The Tasmanian Devil is the largest carnivore marsupial. It is endangered due to DFTD (tasmanian devil facial tumor disease), which is a type of cancer. The nocturnal marsupial has dark fur to help camouflage into their surroundings when they hunt at night. They have an excellent sense of smell which helps them locate their prey, especially at night. This sense of smell also helps them as a defense mechanism together with their ability to emit a pungent odor as they can locate nearby predators and/or drive them away with the odor. The Tasmanian Devil also has an extremely strong jaw that can help make the job of devouring carcasses easier.

sources
https://sites.google.com/site/georgiaendangeredanimals/adaptations
https://www.tcg.vet.cam.ac.uk/about/DFTD
https://sarcophilusharrisii.weebly.com/structural-adaptations.html
picture source
https://creation.com/the-tasmanian-devil

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Clown loaches, extremely popular as aquarium fish, are available in many pet stores. But careless fish keepers scooping up loaches may get a little more than they bargained for in the form of nasty cuts.

These relatives of carp and minnows are true martial arts masters. Below the eye sockets of loaches are razor-sharp spines that may be erected at will. Known as bifurcated subocular spines, these switchblade-like extensions emerge from grooves below the eye and slash into the flesh of animals targeting the loach’s head.
Source: http://listverse.com/2014/03/18/10-totally-weird-creature-adaptations/

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Titan Arum

Description

Titan arum(Amorphophallus titanum), also called corpse flower, is the tallest flower in the world. It has the largest leaf in the world reaching 15-20 feet high. Titan Arum is typically between 6 and 8 feet tall (the largest on record was just over 10 feet tall) and it emits a foul odor of rotting flesh.

Coping with physical factors

The spathe(something like outer covering) of the titan arum may attract insects by creating an optical illusion of radiating bright light, using a delicate shading of red pigment that turns to white at the very bottom. The inflorescence of it attracts specific pollinators by emitting an intense, carrion-like odor.(rotting smell)

Obtaining food

It makes its own food because it is a plant.

Escaping from predators

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Notes
The rainforests of Sumatra are under massive threat of deforestation as vast areas are logged for timber and to make way for palm plantations. It is estimated that Indonesia has now lost around 72% of its original rainforest cover and the scale of deforestation is continuing at an alarming rate. As well as affecting titan arum numbers directly, the loss of habitat is also endangering species such as the rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros), which is an important seed distributor(for the plant).

Sources:

1)https://www.britannica.com/plant/Titan-arum
2)https://bioscigreenhouse.osu.edu/titan-arum-faqs
3)http://eol.org/pages/1100364/details

*Image from google

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Pufferfish

About pufferfish:

Pufferfish belongs to the Tetradontidae family. The Tetradontidae are a family of primarily marine and estuarine fish of the order Tetraodontiformes. The family includes many species such as: puffers, balloonfish, blowfish, blowies, bubblefish, etc.

Coping with physical factors:
Unlike the porcupinefish, which has large external spines, the pufferfish has thinner and hidden spines, which are only visible when the fish has puffed up. These spines protect it from predators by scaring them. These spines also contains poison to poison its prey or predator.  These spines helps them because of the fact that pufferfish are slow and clumsy swimmers.

Escaping from predators:
Pufferfish are clumsy and slow swimmers and cannot escape from predators quickly, so by inflating themselves, they become much larger than some predators can eat, and their blowing-up action may scare some away.

Interesting Fact:
Pufferfish are actually the same as blowfish.

Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate
https://www.cuteness.com/article/difference-between-blowfish-puffer-fish

Image:
www.yurtopic.com

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Alaskan Wood Frogs

Alaskan wood frogs freeze up to 60% of their bodies during winter time. They stop breathing and their heart stops beating. This allows them to survive in temperatures up to -80 fahrenheit. During this time, their bodies produce an antifreeze substance that prevents their cells from freezing up, which might be potentially fatal for them. When winter warms, the frogs thaw and come back to life.
www.bussinessinsider.com
https://www.nwf.org

Adult Alaskan wood frogs have long sticky tongues that allow them to catch prey such as insects, worms, slugs, snails and archinads. The tadpoles are mostly herbivores and feed on algae and decaying plant matter, although the have been filmed eating eggs or large of other amphibians.
https://www.nwf.org

The Alaskan wood frog has many noxious skin secretions but they are only effective in deterring shrews.  Adult wood frogs rely on their cryptic colouration to camouflage into the forest floor and escape predators. If captured, wood frogs may let out a piercing cry that may shock it’s attacker enough to release the frog.
www.biokids.umich.edu

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Angler Fish
The angler fish is a fish that lives in deep down in the sea. Its body is not streamlined so it cannot swim fast. In fact, it is able to stay very still.
As an example, when humans dive underwater, we feel pressure. It comes from the air in our bodies being compressed. Air is found in our ears, lungs and blood vessels. The intense water pressure can cause that air to compress within those organ systems and tissues. However, water cannot be compressed. Fish do not have air pockets that are compressible and are composed largely of water, so the pressure differential remains balanced. That is how an angler fish can survive the deep oceans.
It has a hook-like suspension on the top of its head that glows. It is called the lure. The angler fish does not have to find its prey, but the prey finds it by going to its lure and the angler fish eats it.
As humans dive underwater, we feel pressure. It comes from the air in our bodies being compressed. Air is found in our ears, lungs and blood vessels. The intense water pressure can cause that air to compress within those organ systems and tissues. However, water cannot be compressed. Fish do not have air pockets that are compressible and are composed largely of water, so the pressure differential remains balanced. That is how an angler fish can survive the deep oceans.
References
https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-anglerfish-adaptations

https://www.scienceabc.com/nature/animals/deep-sea-fishes-not-get-crushed-pressure-sea-floor.html

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Archer Fish

The Archer fish also known as the Spinner fish, belongs to the Toxotidae fish family.  They usually inhabit the brackish waters of mangroves and estuaries.  They can also be found in oceans and freshwater too.  Most of them are found in Australia, India, Polynesia and the Philippines.

The Archer fish can grow up to 12-18 cm long.  They are agile swimmers as their bodies are deep and laterally compressed.

They prey on land-based insects and small creatures.  They are remarkable sharp shooters, squirting a jet of water which is so powerful that it would knock the prey out into the water.

They do this by forming a small groove in the roof of its mouth and press its tongue into a narrow channel.  It then fires by contracting its gill covers and forcing through the channel, shooting a stream of water shaped by its mouth parts.  They will typically shoot at a mean angle of 74 degrees from the horizontal position.

Though they usually swim near the surface of the water, they could swim deep to avoid predators such as birds and big fish.

Source:
https://factslegend.org/20-fascinating-archer-fish-facts/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archerfish

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Congo African Grey Parrots

Here are some adaptations this fine feathered friend has:

1. Extreme Intelligence       This parrot is recognized as one of the smartest animals alive, alongside others like the chimpanzee. He has a strong capacity for complex, abstract thought, and can use deductive reasoning to solve problems. This level of intelligence -- not seen in humans until they are between the ages of 3 and 6 -- is instrumental to the African grey's survival in the wild. It is what enables his various behavioral adaptations, like learning from other parrots and his famous skills at vocalizing.

2. Vocalizing                          The African grey's language is highly complex, and he adapts by learning a variety of sounds that help him communicate with his flock. He learns different calls for different situations, like raising the alarm when he sees danger, asking for food and calling for help when he is lost or trapped. The flock, which leaves the roosting site during the day to forage, indulges in periods of vocal communication both in the morning and at night. In captivity, the African grey has demonstrated not only the ability to mimic human speech, but to learn the meaning of different words and form his own sentences.

3. Learning Life Skills Because the African grey lives in a large flock, he puts his capacity for learning to use by watching his elders. The younger members of a flock demonstrate respect for and appeasement toward the older members, learning from them the skills that will help them survive. This may include learning how to find water, which animals and potential predators to avoid, how to identify plants that are safe to eat, and how to fight with their beaks and claws.

4. Strength in Numbers   When the African grey is on the ground foraging for food, he is highly vigilant. The flock as a whole has adapted its behaviors to minimize the risk of foraging on the ground -- it sends search parties to the ground in small groups, while the rest of the flock watches out from a nearby tree. Birds in the trees as well as the ones on the ground carefully watch out for predators. When any one bird in the flock spies danger, he sends out the flock's warning call, signaling to the group on the ground that it should mobilize.

5. Physical Adaptations

The African grey parrot's physical adaptations are similar to those of other parrots. Each of his feet has two toes that face forward and two that face backward, affording him a strong grip and great control when climbing on branches, vines and ropes. His strong, hooked beak is also useful for climbing, as well as for crushing hard objects like large nuts. Without proper nutrition, however, the beak will soften and flake. Parrots must eat a diet rich in vitamin A-containing vegetables and orange and green fruits to maintain strength of its beak, which is critical to his survival.

Information from http://animals.mom.me/adaptations-african-grey-parrot-8057.html
Photo from http://birdtricks.com/blog/renaming-your-parrot/

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Snowshoe Hare
The colour of their fur depends on the season. Snowshoe Hares are white during winter, which helps them blend in with the snow. They are reddish-brown during spring and summer, which helps them camouflage with dirt and rocks. The hind legs of the Snowshoe Hare (which are what gave the hare its common name)  is noticeably larger, it has more fur and larger toes than other rabbits or hares. This provides additional surface area and support for walking in the snow.
They live in coniferous and boreal forests.
They can be seen mostly among bushes. They eat plants(Herbivores) like grass, flowers and new growth from trees.
They are nocturnal, and have acute hearing which enables them to detect predators in the dark.

Source:
Information and Picture
https://www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Mammals/Snowshoe-Hare

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Venus Flytrap
The Venus Flytrap is a carnivorous plant that grows in poor soil, hence it catches insects and spiders as another source of food. It catches its prey with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap prepares to close, if the insect touches another within approximately 20 seconds, the trap will close.
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Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_flytrap

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Maned Wolf
It is normally found open and semi-open habitats, especially grasslands with scattered bushes and trees, in south, central-west, and southeastern Brazil, Paraguay, northern Argentina, Bolivia east and north of the Andes, and far southeastern Peru (Pampas del heath only)] It is very rare in Uruguay, possibly being displaced completely through loss of habitat. IUCN lists it as near threatened, while it is considered a vulnerable species by the Brazilian government.
It has large ears to hear preys and predators. It has long legs to see its opponents from far distances

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Star Nosed Mole
A Star Nosed Mole is a small mammal. It spends most of its time underground and it is semi-aquatic. The greatest adaptation of a Star Nosed Mole is its nose. It has 22 retractable tentacles surrounding its nose. These tentacles contain 250000 organs that can detect the electrical pulses of their prey. This adaptation helps it to find its prey easily. A Star Nosed Mole also has shovel-like feet which are extremely large in comparison to their size. This adaptation allows it to dig its tunnels more quickly and effectively. Since a Star Nosed Mole lives underground most of the time, it has very small eyes so that dirt from underground won't be easily trapped inside its eyes. With such small eyes, they are not able to see so clearly, however, what their eyes lack in clarity of vision, they make up for with their noses.

Source:
http://animals.mom.me/star-nosed-mole-adaptations-6090.html

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Vipers
1.They can be found in unexpected places, living in trees, in water and in the desert, but most live on the ground. Surprisingly, Australia is one of the two continents where vipers are not to be found. The other is  unsurprisingly -Antarctica.
2.Strikes are primarily aimed at stunning prey though may also be used in self-defence. The 30 genera in the viper family contain over 200 species.All members of the  Crotaline subfamily contain this organ which gives the pit vipers a sixth sense of night vision, a very useful adaptation when hunting prey at night. 3.Vipers are venomous snakes whose long, hinged, hollow fangs inject deadly toxins. Vipers are generally ambush predators and have mouths that can open to almost 180 degrees during a strike. "Vipers in general tend to have enzymetic venom that affects general tissues," Savitzky said. It causes intense swelling, pain and necrosis, which is cell death and decay. It also functions as an anticoagulant. Death usually occurs from a dramatic collapse in blood pressure. All viper bites should be treated seriously and medical attention should be paid.
Source:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Viperidae
https://www.livescience.com/54023-vipers.html
http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/2011/gust_andr/adaptation.htm

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BONEWORMS
Imagine throwing yourself upon a pile of food. It’s delicious, it’s tempting, but you can’t eat it because you have no mouth(WORMS). But never fear: Instead of chewing and swallowing, you sweat acid onto the food. The solid food melts into broth, and you suck it in through your skin. This is how the BONEWORM CAN EAT FOOD.

The MALES LIVE INSIDE FEMALES—up to 100 tiny male worms live inside her at once,  living only to fertilize her.

Thousands of these will infest on bones on whales.

Source: http://listverse.com/2014/03/18/10-totally-weird-creature-adaptations/
Check out the pic. through this URL : http://static.neatorama.com/images/2013-08/bone-eating-worm-1.jpg

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The Marmot, a type of squirrel, uses lookouts to watch for predators, When a predator is spotted, the lookout whistles loudly. Marmots are excellent diggers, and construct an elaborate system of burrows, each with both a main entrance and an escape tunnel. Their burrows are used as dens by other animals, including skunks and foxes. During the summer, marmots gain weight in order to prepare for hibernation. They usually hibernate all winter and may lose as much as half their body weight by February. They also use these burrows to hide and escape from their predators. Since there are many passages in the burrows, they can outrun their predators easily.
Marmots are herbivores, once they finish hibernating, they search for food. Example is Grasses, nuts. They use their strong sense of smell to hunt for them.
References:
https://switchzoo.com/profiles/marmot.htm
http://www.wildlifelandtrust.org/wildlife/close-ups/yellow_bellied_marmot.html

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The Barreleye has eyes pointing in the same direction! This gives the Barreleye binocular vision and the eyes then create a clear image. The eyes are in a transparent, fluid-filled shield on the top of its head which probably helps it to see better in the dark. This dome also allows the Barreleye to steal food from organisms called  Siphonopores. Siphonopores catch food in their stinging tentacles. The dome protects the Barreleye from the sting of the Siphonopores as it swims into it to steal food.The eyes can point forward when feeding and upwards to see their prey or predators however there are no known predators of the Barreleye. Its large and flat fins help it gain stability and even stay motionless. The fins also allows the Barreleye to have precise movements in the water when chasing food or getting away.
Visit:
https://bit.ly/2sfAcor
https://bit.ly/2JfqBrv
for more information!

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The dung beetle is one of nature's greatest creation. This insect species surprisingly feed on dung! There are three types of dung beetles, dwellers, rollers and tunnellers. The rollers and tunnellers have strong, often ‘toothed’ legs specialized for rolling dung and burrowing.The desert species have hair on the legs which helps their movement on sand.  Dung beetles have soft mouth parts for them to easily feed on dung of animals.
The dung beetles have a keen sense of smell for themselves to immediately sense dung nearby and protect it from other dung beetles to feed on its collection.
After the dung beetles have mated, one or both of them will prepare a ball of manure for the female to lay eggs inside it so that the predator cannot eat its larvae. Thanks to these magnificent creature, our world isn't covered in poop!
References:
https://animalcorner.co.uk/animals/dung-beetle/
https://youtu.be/uSTNyHkde08

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Camels actually live in the dessert. Most people mistake the humps as water,  but  you are wrong!!!The hump  which are large bulges are actually filled with fat. When food and water become scarce, the camel extracts energy from the fat.A camel uses about 5 gallons (20 liters) of water a day in the summer. However, a camel can lose up to 25 gallons (100 liters) of water from its body tissues.Camels use their body to protect themselves from predators. Camel protects itself by kicking people with its strong long legs and that they spit on predators if they feel threatened.In the desert, people feed camels with grass, grains, wheat and oats. When camels are travelling in the desert, food is often very hard to find. So the animal might have to live on dried leaves, seeds, and thorny twigs. References :https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel*Additional resorces from textbooks .*

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The green sea turtle.
The green sea turtle has adapted to it’s environment in the sea.It has a hard shell which is linked with it’s spine, which means it’s shell cannot be removed. It has adapted structurally by having a hard shell on their back which protects them from predators. They can tuck in their head, flippers or tail to hide or be protected.They have adapted behaviourally by the method they lay their eggs. Turtles are reptiles, which means they lay eggs. If they lay their eggs in the water, the eggs would just float away and it would be hard for them to take care of it.Hence, they have evolved to laying their eggs under the sand on the beach. They lay it under the sand so predators that eat the eggs will not be able to find the eggs.

*Reference*
My knownledge on turtles

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The Great White Shark is one of the ocean's top predators.
The great white is torpedo shaped and it can smell blood from up to 3 miles (4.82803km). It's top is white in colour, while its top is bluish gray.From below, the great white shark is hard to see because its white skin is against the light and in the same way, from above, its darker skin blends in with the water.
Great Whites even have a sixth sense!It is called the "Ampullae of Lorenzini".The "Ampullae of Lorenzini" consists of a network of cells around the great white shark’s head, pores that appear as tiny black dots on the skin, that are connected to sacs filled with a jelly-like substance. These cells are able to detect electrical fields in the water. Every living creature has an electrical field. The larger the creature, the larger the electrical field. The great white shark zones in on this and finds prey.
References:
http://ipfactly.com/12-adaptations-of-the-great-white-shark/

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The Dumbo Octopus gets its name from its resemblance to the elephant in Disney's film 'Dumbo,' with its prominent ear-like fin that extends from the mantle above each eye.
They usually live deep in the sea, going all the way down to 7000 meters. This behavioral adaptation ensures that they face very few threats from humans.
To swim, they flap their ear-like fins and the movement of their 'arms' can propel them in any direction. This structural adaptation protects them from natural predators such as sharks.
The Dumbo Octopus usually feeds on small crustaceans. It pounces on them quickly and swallows them whole, preventing them from running away. This behavioral adaptation helps it to obtain food.

References:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimpoteuthis

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Drosera regia is a type of carnivorous plant that adapts structurally and behaviourally to obtain food. They have special glands that secrete thick and sticky mucous. When they encounter a prey, the mucous will adhere to it and the leaves will coil like a python, preventing the prey to escape. Then, the digestive juices which it secretes will help to break down the prey which will in turn be absorbed for nutrients. These plants can be naturally found in areas where there are soil with low nutrients.

References:

https://carnivorousplantresource.com/the-plants/drosera-regia/

http://legacy.carnivorousplants.org/cpn/articles/CPNv09n1p15.pdf