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The first Ming emperor was Zhu Yuanzhang he established the Ming empire he then went under the name of Hongwu. Hongwu encouraged Confucianism and he also brought back the state exams. In order to help trade, he rebuilt roads and canals. As well he rebuilt and decided to extend the Great Wall in order to improve the defenses. Hongwu also helped the farmers by lowering taxes and he also provide them with land.

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Yongle wanted to extend Chinese influence and win tribute from other countries. Yongle built a great fleet of ships for exploration. Zheng he sailed around Southeast Asia to India, Arabia, and Africa.

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After the death of Kublai Khan's in 1294, The mongol rule slowly faded and weakened. In the year of 1368 a rebel army led by Zhu Yunanzhang who overthrew the Mongol emperor.

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6. New dynasty gains power and restores peace and order

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5. Dynasty is overthrown through rebellion

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4. Old dynasty is seen as having lost the Mandate of Heaven

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3. Disasters such as floods, famines, and invasions occur.

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Genghis khan the ruler of all the Mongols. Genghis khan he invaded northern china then moved west across Central Asia. The mongols had conquered all of Central Asia. When Genghis died in 1227 his son ogadai took power.

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2. In time, dynasty declines and becomes corrupt. Its power weakens

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1. New dynasty is considered to have the Mandate of Heaven, or the approval of heaven.

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A Scholar-official is an educated person who has a government position. Alot  of scholar-officials came from the upper class.

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Tang government was like a pyramid. The emperor would rule at the very top. Many people would have serve in many different levels below the emperor.

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Buddhism teaches suffering is a part of life
The reason people suffer is that they are too attached to material possessions and selfish ideas.
By living in a wise, moral, and thoughtful way, people can eventually learn to escape suffering.

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Confucianism is based on the belief and ideas of Confucius ideas also influenced society.