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There are many theories as to how eusociality developed within animals. One hypothesis that has been proposed to explain the development of eusociality is the habitat saturation hypothesis, which essentially states that offspring will stay at home because there is no space to settle or breed and because the benefits of staying at home outweigh the risks of leaving. Although, this is simply a theory. Others believe that a combination of many things caused eusociality to develop. Those things are kin selection, delayed benefits, environmental contributions, and multi-level selection. Kin selection and Multi-level selection are both types of natural selection that favor the group as opposed to an individual, so this is a valid idea as to how eusociality came to be.  An image of this can be seen below ("The Evolution of Eusociality," n.d.).

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I feel that this image also represents eusociality because all individuals are working to hold a single person up. Similarly, all workers work together to keep the queen bee alive.
("Acrobalance," 2012)

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Eusociality is an extreme type of social behavior in which individuals cooperate to help a reproductive individual ("An Introduction to Eusociality, 2014).

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In this image, the queen bee, the only reproductive female in the colony, is being protected by the worker bees.
(All About Queen Bees, n.d.)

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There are many benefits of eusocial behavior. For instance, it can allow individuals to survive. The way I see it, staying within the colony would be more beneficial to the bees than leaving, so they stay in the hive. This prevents them from having to deal with predators alone and it saves individuals the trouble of finding a home and a mate. This type of behavior is also beneficial to the population as a whole. This goes back to altruism. The individual worker bees may decrease their chances of survival by defending the hive, but they are increasing the chances of survival of the colony. Overall, eusociality may not be beneficial to the individual bees, but it is definitely beneficial to the survival of the population ("An Introduction to Eusociality," 2014).

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Eusocial behavior can be considered both social behavior and altruistic behavior. It is social behavior because members of the same species interact in a positive matter. It is also altruistic because the workers or the infertile members usually risk their lives protecting the queen ("An Introduction to Eusociality," 2014).

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There are multiple characteristics of eusociality. The most notable is that there are only a few reproductive members and the rest of the population essentially works to help and protect those members. There is also task specialization, which means that each individual has a role, such as worker or queen. All of the members of a population usually care for offspring together, which is called cooperative care of offspring. Additionally, offspring usually do not leave home because the benefits of staying outweigh the risk of leaving. Lastly, altruism can usually be observed within a eusocial population. For instance, with bees, the worker bees risk their lives to protect the queen bee ("An Introduction to Eusociality," 2014).

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1."E6 Further Studies of Behaviour." (2016). BioNinja. Retrieved from <http://www.old-ib.bioninja.com.au /options/option-e-neurobiology-and-2/e6-further-studies-of-behav.html>.
2. "All About Queen Bees." (n.d.). Terminix. com. Retrieved from <https://www.terminix.com/pest-control/bees/queen-bees/>.
3. "An Introduction to Eusociality."(2014). Nature.com. Retrieved from <https://www.nature.com/ scitable/knowledge/library/an-introduction-to-eusociality-15788128>.
4. "Acrobalance." (2012).  Pinterest. Retrieved from <https:// www.pinterest.com/pin/180003316328687515/>.
5. "The Evolution of Eusociality." (n.d.). PubMed Central (PMC). Retrieved from <https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279739/>.

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The image below demonstrates the task specialization that can be exhibited when looking at bees. The queen reproduces, the drone bees mate with fertile queens, and the workers gather food, guard the hive, and don't reproduce ("E6 Further Studies of Behaviour, 2016).

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Most of the species that exhibit eusocial behavior are insects, such as ants and bees. Although, mole rats also practice eusociality. They are considered the only vertebrates to practice true eusociality ("The Evolution of Eusociality, n.d.).