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Philosopher

He expressed the radical view that government is morally obliged to serve people, namely by protecting life, liberty, and property. He explained the principle of checks and balances to limit government power. He favored representative government and a rule of law. He denounced tyranny. He insisted that when government violates individual rights, people may legitimately rebel.

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He did not grant superiority to any individuals in modern day society, as was often argued in the past. Locke states, “In races of mankind and families of the world, there remains not to one above another, the least pretence to be the eldest house” (Locke, Treatise, 7). IN Locke Toleration 2, lock it Locke is adamant in his criticism of religious fanaticism and forcefulness and goes onto advocate a separation between Church and State; one of the first, if not the first, modern philosophers to do so. In support of this severance he says; “I esteem it above all things necessary to distinguish exactly the business of civil government from that of religion and to settle the just bounds that lie between the one and the otherell us

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State of Nature is "A concept in which moral and political philosophy used in religion, social contracts theories and international law to detonate the hypothetical conditions of what lives of people might have been like before societies came into existence."

https://youtu.be/r_UfYY7aWKo

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Declaration of   Independence is written by Thomas Jefferson and also the other founding fathers. The declaration was want for that we may have the right to call ourselves Americans

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John Adams - Declaration of Independence

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The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme law of the United States. Empowered with the sovereign authority of the people by the framers and the consent of the legislatures of the states, it is the source of all government powers, and also provides important limitations on the govern that protect the fundamental rights of United States citizens.

https://youtu.be/0EfnNUt_nwY

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Schoolhouse Rock! "The Preamble" to the Constitution, music by Lynn Ahrens

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Was written by James  Madison .The constitution  was create a government  with enough power to act on a national level.
The founders also specified a process by which the Constitution may be amended, and since its ratification, the Constitution has been amended 27 times. In order to prevent arbitrary changes, the process for making amendments is quite onerous. An amendment may be proposed by a two-thirds vote of both Houses of Congress, or, if two-thirds of the states request one, by a convention called for that purpose. The amendment must then be ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures, or three-fourths of conventions called in each state for ratification. In modern times, amendments have traditionally specified a timeframe in which this must be accomplished, usually a period of several years. Additionally, the Constitution specifies that no amendment can deny a state equal representation in the Senate without that state’s consent.
www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/the-constitution/.

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Federalism is a system in which governmental power is divided into tow or more levels. In America, the government is divided between the national government and fifty state governments. Federalism is based on the beliefs that limited government restrains tyranny and that one way to limit government is to divide power among several entities. "At its best, federalism is cooperative coexistence within constitutional restraints that connect thousands of government units nationwide and permit regional diversity within a national union" (American Government edition 6, pg 111). The following video recaps and further explains federalism.

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Federalism: Crash Course Government and Politics #4

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The powers of the national government are divided into three distinct branches .
President

The chief executive

Supreme Court

The highest court in the land

1. Legislative Branch

The branch that makes the laws

2. Executive Branch

The branch that executes or implements the laws

3.  Judicial Branch

The branch that interprets the law and the Constitution.

https://youtu.be/0bf3CwYCxXw

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Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances: Crash Course Government and Politics #3

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The branch that makes the laws. https://youtu.be/hltv8-nzcUc

Members of the House are elected every two years and must be 25 years of age, a U.S. citizen for at least seven years, and a resident of the state (but not necessarily the district) they represent.

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What Is the Legislative Branch of the U.S. Government? | History

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The first step in the legislative process is the introduction of a bill to Congress. Anyone can write it, but only members of Congress can introduce legislation. Some important bills are traditionally introduced at the request of the President, such as the annual federal budget. During the legislative process, however, the initial bill can undergo drastic changes.

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To ensure that the president could never become too powerful, the Framers made many PRESIDENTIAL POWERS dependent upon the will of Congress.

Read more: Executive Branch - The Executive Branch And The Constitution - President, Power, Powers, and Framers - JRank Articles http://law.jrank.org/pages/6652/Executive-Branch-Executive-Branch-Constitution.html#ixzz5GZbBLlOECongress can create laws, but those laws generally must be signed by the president; if the president refuses to sign a bill, it still can become law if Congress votes to override the president's VETO by a two-thirds majority. The Framers did not divide powers among the branches so much as they required the separate branches to share power, resulting in a complex system of checks and balances that prevents any one

Read more: Executive Branch - The Executive Branch And The Constitution - President, Power, Powers, and Framers - JRank Articles http://law.jrank.org/pages/6652/Executive-Branch-Executive-Branch-Constitution.html#ixzz5GZcWMzNG

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Presidential Power: Crash Course Government and Politics #11

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Where the Executive and Legislative branches are elected by the people, members of the Judicial Branch are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.

Article III of the Constitution, which establishes the Judicial Branch, leaves Congress significant discretion to determine the shape and structure of the federal judiciary. Even the number of Supreme Court Justices is left to Congress — at times there have been as few as six, while the current number (nine, with one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices) has only been in place since 1869. The Constitution also grants Congress the power to establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court, and to that end Congress has established the United States district courts, which try most federal cases, and 13 United States courts of appeals, which review appealed district court cases.

https://ascs-va.client.renweb.com/pw/school/index.cfm

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Judicial Review: Crash Course Government and Politics #21