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policy of the Richard Nixon administration to end U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War through a program to "expand, equip, and train South Vietnamese forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops."

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Sociopolitical movement in China from 1966 until 1976.

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Douglas MacArthur had come to the aid of the South, moved north of the 38th parallel in an attempt to occupy North Korea.

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military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang

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Leader of the Nationalist Party

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7. What was Nelson Mandela’s leadership role in South Africa? (WHII.14b)

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7. What was Nelson Mandela’s leadership role in South Africa? (WHII.14b)

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Algeria—War for Independence from France

•           Kenya (Britain)—Violent struggle under leadership of Kenyatta

•           South Africa—Black South Africans’ struggle against apartheid

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6. What was Jomo Kenyatta’s leadership role in Kenya? (WHII.14b)

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6. What was Jomo Kenyatta’s leadership role in Kenya? (WHII.14b)

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Right to self-determination (U.N. charter)

•           Peaceful and violent revolutions after World War II

•           Pride in African cultures and heritage

•           Resentment toward imperial rule and economic exploitation

•           Loss of colonies by Great Britain, France, Belgium, and Portugal Influence of superpower rivalry during the Cold War

Examples of independence movements and subsequent development efforts

•           West Africa—Peaceful transition

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5. Why did independence movements in Africa gain success after WWII? (WHII.14b)

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5. Why did independence movements in Africa gain success after WWII? (WHII.14b)

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The charter of the United Nations guaranteed colonial populations the right to self-determination.

Independence movements in Africa challenged European imperialism.

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4. What were the outcomes of the Indian independence movement? (WHII.14a)

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4. What were the outcomes of the Indian independence movement? (WHII.14a)

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Evolution of the Indian independence movement

•           British rule in India

•           Leadership of Mohandas Ghandi

•           Role of civil disobedience and passive resistance

•           Political division along Hindu-Muslim lines, Pakistan/India

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3. Who was a leader of the Indian independence movement and what tactics did he use? (WHII.14a)

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3. Who was a leader of the Indian independence movement and what tactics did he use? (WHII.14a)

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Leadership of Mohandas Ghandi

•           Role of civil disobedience and passive resistance

•           Political division along Hindu-Muslim lines, Pakistan/India

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2. What roles did Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping play in major events in the second half of the 20th Century? (WHII.13d)

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2. What roles did Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping play in major events in the second half of the 20th Century? (WHII.13d)

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They all led their countries during times of hardship and were major powers for the country.

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1. How did the Cold War influence conflicts in Eastern Asia after WWII? (WHII.13c)

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1. How did the Cold War influence conflicts in Eastern Asia after WWII? (WHII.13c)

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Conflicts and revolutionary movements in China

•           Division of China into two nations at the end of the Chinese civil war

•           Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)—Nationalist China (island of Taiwan)

•           Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong)—Communist China (mainland China)

•           Continuing conflict between the two Chinas

•           Communist China’s participation in Korean Conflict