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Description of where Winston lives, Later revealed to be London – unpleasant place – “boiled cabbage” “victory Mansions”

Introduction of the idea of surveillance – telescreens, police helicopters – “big brother is watching you.

Three Ministries introduced – Love, Peace, War – They stand out from the rest of the city- “war is peace” “freedom is slavery” “ignorance is strength”

Winston begins to write a diary – presented as a brave but foolish thing to do – he writes about a terrible war film that he had watched where proles were bombed.

He remembers the two minutes hate – Hating Julia for being young and beautiful – feeling drawn to O’Brien for his strength.

The Two minutes hate involves flashing pictures of Goldstein, the principle enemy of the party alongside war imagery - Despite Winston's lack of desire he finds it "impossible to avoid joining in".

Winston considers how he would like to kill and rape Julia but then stops to chant "B-B" with the rest of the crowd, finding it "impossible to do otherwise".

Winston's desire for rebellion is introduced when he glances at O'Brien and believes that he sees a desire to rebel in him - this is reinforced when the narrative returns to the present and he writes "DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER" in his diary.

The chapter ends with Winston considering the inevitability of his death for writing in the diary - "they'll shoot me I don't care"

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Winston had left his diary open with it saying 'DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER' all over it. Mrs Parsons came to Winstons door and asked him to come and fix her sink. Victory Mansions was old, built in the 1930s and was in terrible condition. 'the roof leaked and the pipes burst during every frost.' The Parsons flat was bigger than Winstons, everything looked battered and trampled on.

The walls were lined with party propaganda such as banners for the spies and the Youth League. The home smelt of Boiled cabbage and sweat, the children were playing military music with the telescreen as they hadn't left the home all day. Tom Parsons was a fattish man and worked with Winston at the Ministry of Truth. He was given an unimportant rank due to being evicted from the Junior League. The children came to Winston and called him a 'traitor', 'a Eurasian Spy', 'Thought Criminal' and threatened  to Vaporise  him.

The children begged Mrs Parsons to let them go and see the hanging due to them seeing it as entertainment. Mrs Parsons refuses and is branded a ‘Goldstein’. Winston went home and thought all children were now  horrible, they were fully indoctrinated by the party. Winston now wondered if O’Brien was a friend or enemy as he had dreamed about  their interaction.

The Telescreen then announced that Oceania had won a battle  on the Malabar front in India. He lay awake and thought that he had  no control over his own thought, he describes ‘Nothing was  your  own except a few cubic centimetres  inside your own skull.’

The diary had made Winston a thought criminal and by this, he was already dead. ‘Thought crime does  not entail death, Thought crime is death.’ Winston knows, if caught he will be tuned to vapour and the diary turned to ash.

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Winston's dreaming of his "rather silent" mother disappeared when he was ten or eleven.
Winston's mother and father "must evidently have been swallowed up in the great purges of the fifties."
Winston feels sad about his mother's death yet he accepts that this emotion is no longer relevant. "His mother's memory tore at his heart... Such things could not happen today. Today there were fear,  hatred and pain."
Winston's dreams change to what he calls the Golden Country.
Julia appears in Winston's dream yet she is referred to only as "the girl with dark hair."
Julia "tore off her clothes" but Winston admits he has "no desire in him."
Winston woke up to an "ear splitting whistle" from the telescreen. It's an alert for all office workers who have to wake up at the same time.
Winston has no pyjamas as outer party members only receive three thousand clothing coupons.
"Physical Jerks" begin three minutes after you wake up.
"'Thirty to forty groups' yapped a piercing female voice."
It's revealed that Airstrip One used to be called England, yet London had always been London.

The Party states Oceania has always been at war with Eurasia yet Winston can remember four years ago, Oceania had been at war with East Asia despite there being no spoken or written record.

Winston admits: “A lie passed into history and became truth” If all records agree to that lie. Winston reflects the past has not “merely been altered, it had been actually destroyed.”

The process of ‘doublethink’ is introduced and Winston states “Even to understand doublethink involved the use of doublethink.”

Winston is reminded he is still doing the thirties to forties’ exercise routine.

Winston recognises Ingsoc meant ‘English Socialism’ in Old Speak before 1960. Yet it could not be proved.

Winston is shouted at for not completing the exercises to a satisfactory standard. “6079 Smith W! Yes, you! Bend lower, please! You can do better than that!”

“Anyone under the age of forty- five is perfectly capable of touching his toes. We don’t all have the privilege of fighting in the front line.”

Winston touches his toes “for the first time in several years.”

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It is revealed that Winston works in the Ministry of Truth, altering past documents and producing palimpsests under the "Newspeak" instruction of the Party.

Winston describes the "memory holes" placed throughout the building used to burn past notes and documents -- "it was an automatic action to lift the flap of the nearest memory hole."

Winston receives four instructions from the Party, all including the alteration of articles in the Times to make it appear that the Party and Big Brother had predicted future events and figures (eg the reduction of chocolate rations).

Winston discusses the commonality of the alteration of news and media:
- "Day by day and almost minute by minute the past was brought up to date."
- “All history was a palimpsest, scraped clean and re-inscribed exactly as often as was necessary.”

Winston discusses how all entertainment and media for the proles is manufactured by the Ministry of Truth, the Ministry itself containing a subdivision “Pornosec” dedicated to the production of “the lowest kind of pornography.”

It is stated that “Winston’s greatest pleasure in life was his work.”

Winston discusses the punishment of criminals in Oceania and how they often “simply disappeared,” made into “unpersons.” He says that the “great purges” in which thousands of people were arrested and executed were “special show-pieces.”

Winston’s competitiveness with a co-worker called Tillotson fuels him to create “Comrade Ogilvy,” a “rank-and-file Party member” who died in battle after a life dedicated to the Party – joining the Spies, denouncing his family to the Thought Police and abstaining from sex and relationships. He is created as an idealised character representing the Party’s aims for the members of its society.

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"Newspeak is Ingsoc and Ingsoc is Newspeak" (Symes)

Chapter opens in canteen of Ministry of Truth. "Smell of victory gin"
He saw his friend Symes. "You did not have friends nowadays"
"Did you see the prisoners hanged yesterday" Said Symes
They collect a "Regulation" dinner
"There's a table over there, under that telescreen" Said Symes
Symes' Job consists of "destroying words, hundreds of them."
Syme's talks about how the narrowing of the language available will eradicate thought crime as there will be no words in which to express emotion
Referencing the chesnut tree cafe and how it is "ill-Omened" due the the fact it was a gathering place for old, discredited party leaders.
Parson's arrives, "Brisk and boyish movements"
"A quarter of ones Salary was earmarked for voluntary subscriptions"
Announcement "Standard of living has risen by no less than 20%"
Raising and reduction of chocolate rations "raise to 20g then reduce to 20g"
The canteen, "all surfaces greasy, grime in every crack."#
"Dark haired girl"
"Facecrime" -- "A nervous tic, abnormality"
Parson's endorsement of his children's behavior, "Set fire to her with a box of matches" (for a woman who wrapped up sausages in big brother) irony of "Keen as mustard."
"Ear trumpets" Pasron's sees as toy, leads to his own imprisonment
Telescreen screeches, the 3 men return to work, winston drops his tobacco out of his cigarette.

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Winston continues to write in his diary - "Your worst enemy, he reflected, was your own nervous system." - Winston's mind is tormented with the image  of a Party woman with "bright red lips" and her face "painted very thick" - "Party women never paint their faces."

Winston begins to discuss his encounter with a prostitute - "To be caught with a prostitute might mean five years in a forced-labour camp." - "Some [prostitutes] could even be purchased for a bottle of gin, which proles were not supposed to drink."

He then begins to discuss his 15 month marriage to Katherine - "Winston was married - had been married, at any rate: probably he still was married, for so far as he knew his wife was not dead". - "It must be nine, ten - nearly eleven years since they had parted"

Winston then expresses the party's denouncement of sexual and physical attraction as well as the removal  of intimate relationships. - "The aim of the Party was not merely to prevent men and women from forming loyalties which it might not be able to control."

Introduction of organisations such as the Junior Anti-Sex League - "Which advocated complete celibacy for both sexes."

Winston despises the brainwashed "comrades" of the party, such as Katherine. The most vivid memories that remain are his engagement in sexual intercourse with her - claiming that Julia saw it as a "duty to the party" - To give birth to a new generation of indoctrinated party devotees.

Winston desperately seeks rebellion - especially through escaping the sexual oppression enforced by the party.

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Winston experiences two prole women fighting over a tin saucepan and believes it is the uprising of the proles. ‘A riot!  The proles are breaking loose at last!’.

The Party doesn’t control the Proles because they are perceived as no threat. ‘no attempt was made to indoctrinate them with the ideology of the Party.’ The Party teaches those of the outer party that ‘the proles were natural inferiors who must be kept in subjection, like animals’.

Winston shows jealously towards the prole and desires the freedom he perceives to have. ‘The great majority of the proles did not even have telescreens in their homes’.

The party has re-written the history books to alter the past in their favor. They show capitalists as controlling ‘The capitalists owned everything in the world, and everyone else was their slave.’ This is ironic because the party is believed to be Communist, but is really Capitalist with a few people controlling the world.

The party have indoctrinated the population so much so that they knew ‘No one who had once fallen into the hands the hands of the Thought Police ever escaped in the end.’ And therefore are less likely to rebel because they know ‘thought crime was death’.

Jones, Aaronson and Rutherford were made to confess crimes which 'had been re-written and re-written until the original facts and dates no longer had the smallest significance.'

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Winston walks down the pavement as he then notices the smell of real coffee, not victory coffee. As he walks the words, " If there was hope, it lies in the proles" kept recurring in his head.

A bomb then drops in the middle of the prole district; it is noted that the proles have an instinct to be able to tell when these rocket bombs are going to drop. “They seemed to possess some kind of instinct which told them several seconds in advance when a rocket was coming,”

Winston enters a pub to find two proles arguing about the lottery. “can’t you bleeding well listen to what I say? I tell you no number ending in seven ain’t won for over fourteen months!”

Winston then clocks an old man having an argument with the bartender about pints and how they used to exist but they don’t anymore (the bartender has no idea what one is.) “and what in hell’s name is a pint?”

Winston then buys the old man a drink and tries to pry information out of him about what life used to be like before “You can remember what it was like in the old days, before the revolution.”

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Looks round the 'shabby' room and recognizes there is hope in the Paperweight as it 'gleamed softly out of the half-darkness'.
In the room Winston notices 'the clock's hands said seven-twenty: it was nineteen-twenty really'. This military time suggests an element of war. A never ending war to suppress potential revolution.
The room was used for a love affair. Winston believed he had 'become partly invisible'. Clearly he longs for 'privacy'. He believes the room lets him be alone. Obviously this is not possible in 1984.
Winston notices a monstrous woman singing and pegging out clothes. It was a tune developed from the 'music department'. However, Winston thought highly of the voice.
Winston realizes he now loves Julia. He describes 'the smell of her hair, the taste of her mouth, the feeling of her skin which seemed to have gone inside him'. He recognizes that 'she has become a physical necessity'. He was missing all physical contact that 1984 will never bring.
Julia bursts 'into the room'. She brings 'real sugar. Not Saccharine sugar', a loaf of Bread, a pot of Jam and a tin of milk. The physicality that the room brings them allows them to believe there are no restrictions and the room represents the goods and luxuries that compliment the rebellion of privacy in the room. This is backed up by the 'real coffee in the room.
After there food fantasies Winston once more notices the woman singing a tune. He describes her as 'very tuneful, charged with a sort of happy melancholy' the positive presentation shows how he idolizes the prole life.
Winston turns round and notices Julia has changed. She is much more feminine with makeup on. They got naked and made passionate love.
In the room she talks of beastly rats. Winston exclaims 'Rats!' while in the room. This shows his fear of rats and foreshadows events later in the book.

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The absence of Syme and the way he has been written out of existence, removal from the Chess Committee. 'Syme had ceased to exist: he had never existed.'

It was Hate Week, staff working overtime to organise 'Processions, meetings, military parades, lectures, waxwork displays, film shows, telescreen programmes’ ‘rumours circulated, photographs faked’

Julia, who works in the Fictional Department are ‘rushing out a series of atrocity pamphlets’

Winston had to spend time ‘altering and embellishing news items which were to be quotes in speeches’

In the streets where proles lived ‘rocket bombs crashed oftener than ever’

Ministry released ‘new tune which was to be the theme-song of Hate Week…. barking rhythm which could not exactly be called music’ it was very popular with proles and the Parsons children

Parsons organised volunteers to prepare the streets for Hate Week by ‘stitching banners, painting posters, erecting flagstaffs on the roofs’

The proles were temporarily chaotic with patriotism, forced by the party. ‘normally apathetic about the war, were being lashed into one of their periodical frenzies of patriotism’

Rocket bombs were killing more people ‘burying several hundred victims’

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Winston is stopped by O'Brien who talks about his use of Newspeak, further providing Winston with what he thinks is his and O'Brien's like-mindedness. This new element of hope further solidifies Winston's stance as the Dystopian protagonist. The chapter also establishes O’Brien as the secondary character, providing Wilson with further means to rebel against the Party.

Q: “By sharing a small act of thoughtcrime he had turned the two of them into accomplices.”

O’Brien hands Winston a slip of paper with his address on it. Instinctively, Winston destroys it by throwing it in the memory hole, after memorizing the contents. This show just how indoctrinated Winston is, as even though he wants to rebel against the Party, he destroys any incriminating evidence that can be used against him.

Q: “Nevertheless he carefully memorised what was written on it, and some hours later dropped it into the memory hole…”

This interaction takes place right in front of a telescreen, showing the Party’s advanced technology, which could be the reason for Winston destroying the paper, as if he wasn’t seen throwing the scrap away then he would instantly be a point of focus for the party. In addition, O’Brien’s status in the inner Party could provide Winston with confidence to rebel, believing he has an influential alibi who can protect him.

Q: “immediately beneath the telescreen, in such a position that anyone who was watching at the other end of the instrument could read what he was writing”

During this chapter, Winston shows that although he has seen through the ruse set before him by the party, the habits he has been following his whole life are still deeply engrained within him. An example of this is doublethink, with Winston immediately recognising Syme as an ‘unperson’.

Q:  "Syme was not only dead, he  was abolished, an unperson."

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Winston awakens 'with his eyes full of tears'.
This is due to a dream of his past, or at least what  Winston thinks he remembers of his past.

He reveals that, until now, he believed that he had murdered his mother .

Winston recalls memories  from his childhood 'the periodical panic of air raids and the sheltering in tube stations' but  above all 'the fact that there was never enough  to eat',  I believe this is a reference to the rationing during WW2.

Winston remembers being a greedy child, constantly nagging for more food despite realising that by doing this he was starving the other two.

Winston, filled with a hungry rage, demanded a full chocolate ration instead of sharing it with his mother and sister. After swindling his way to three quarters of the slab, he snatched the remaining quarter off of his sister and fled the building, never to see his family again.. After eating the chocolate, Winston felt 'somewhat ashamed  of himself'.

Upon Winston's return, he finds the building empty, leaving him in doubt as   to whether his mother is actually dead.

After attempting to recite the disappearance of his mother to Julia, he drifts back off to sleep.

Some time later, Winston talks about he and Julia will inevitably die, and that nothing they can do will prevent it. - 'confession is not betrayal'

Despite the torture, Winston believed that 'the inner heart remained impregnable'.

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When he wakes from a horrible dream, Winston Smith tells Julia that he is responsible for the death of his mother. He remembers being hungry and begging for food as a child. He saw his mother and sister last  when stealing a piece of chocolate off his sister. This memory reminds him of the proles, who do things just to do them, unlike Party members, who do things only because of their duty to Big Brother.  Winston feels that the proles are the only hope for society to regain its humanity.
Winston and Julia discuss their relationship and what they  are going to do when everyone finds out.  They agree that the Party will make them inform on each other, but it will not be able to make them stop loving each other.
Julia is certain that, although both of them will confess, the Party is unable to make them believe their confessions, she said that it cannot "get inside you." And Winston agrees.
Winston and Julia go to O'Brien's house, where they confess to O'Brien that they are enemies of the Party.
O'Brien explains the secret Brotherhood, a group committed to eliminate the Party, and influences Julia and Winston into the group.
Winston and Julia refuse to never see each other again.
O'Brien makes arrangements for Winston to receive a copy of "the book," Goldstein's book. O'Brien says to Winston, "We shall meet again" and Winston finishes the sentence, "In the place where there is no darkness?".

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Hate week continues and Winston considers how tired he has become at the sheer amount of work he has to do to fix the 'mistakes' with the past. "gelatinous with fatigue".

At one of the hate week rallies an official has to change who Oceania is at war with halfway through his speech. instead of questioning the sudden change the people in the crowd blame Goldstein and tear down the Eastasian banners in the square. "Oceania was at war with Eastasia; Oceania had always been at war with Eastasia".

He manages to return home from his job fabricating the past to the flat above Charringtons shop and begins to read Goldsteins book. Happy at the lack of Telescreen and ability to read he works his way through chapter 3. It is shown to be a peaceful moment in his life. "sweet summer air played against his cheek."

Julia returns whilst Winston is reading but does not share his enthusiasm for 'The Book' "'you read it' she said with her eyes shut"

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"Four days had gone past since the evening when he had run into her outside the junk shop"

"In front of him was an enemy who was trying to kill him: in front of him, also, was a human creature, in pain and perhaps with a broken bone."

"for in the two or three seconds while he was helping her up the girl had slipped something into his hand… it was a scrap of paper folded into a square”

“There was no place you could be more certain that the telescreens were watched continuously”

“Whatever was written on that paper, it must have had some kind of political meanings… he could see there were two like possibilities… the girl was an agent of the Thought Police… the thing that was written on the paper might be a threat, a summons, an order to commit suicide… there was another possibility… the message did not come from the Thought Police at all, but from some kind of underground organisation. Perhaps the Brotherhood existed after all!”

“On it was written, in a large unformed handwriting: I love you.”

“At the site of the words I love you the desire to stay alive had welled up in him, and the taking of minor risks suddenly seemed stupid”
"But the physical difficulty of meeting was enormous."
"Whichever way you turned, the telescreen faced you."
"In any case he did not know the girl's name let alone her address"
"For a week after this, life was a restless dream. On the next day she did not appear in the canteen until he was leaving... on the day after she was in the canteen at the usual time, but with three other girls and immediately under a telescreen. Then for three dreadful days she did not appear at all. His whole mind and body seemed to be afflicted with an unbearable sensitivity"
"Even in his sleep he could not escape from her image"
"When he came into the canteen she was sitting at a table well out from the wall, and was quite alone"
"Winston was sitting at the girl's table"
They arrange to meet at a later date - "victory square, near the monument...  nineteen hours"
"As he ran, he gathered from some shouted remarks that a convoy of Eurasian prisoners was passing"
"A long line of trucks, with wooden-faced guards armed with sub-machine-guns standing upright in each corner, was passing slowly down the street"
"With a sort of military precision that astonished him, she outlined the route that he was to follow."
"the others simply vanished, presumably into forced labour camps."

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Winston and Julia wake up after reading the book to find several odd things about the room - "the waters cold" "there's no oil in it" - However the prole woman is still singing nonsense songs and Winston still feels an odd attachment to her "she's Beautiful". She represents the serenity and peace that Winston craves.

As they talk a voice repeats their ideas "you are the dead". It becomes clear that there is a hidden telescreen in the room and that all of their activities have been monitored. "Now we can see you"

The couple don't even contemplate the idea of running for safety and instead just ensure that they say "goodbye" to each other.

A Troop of soldiers enter the room and begin to break things - the window through which Winston watched the prole woman, who has gone mysteriously silent, is smashed - the paperweight is knocked to the floor and smashed, Winston notices "how small" the piece of coral inside really was.

Mr Charington enters the room and it becomes clear that he is a member of the thoughtpolice who has been monitoring Winston throughout his time in the small room.

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Winston finds himself in what he believes to be the Ministry of Love under constant surveillance "four telescreens" and with no food to sustain him "since he was arrested he had not been fed".

As he attempts to find some bread in his pocket he is shouted down by the telescreens - "hands out of pockets in the cells"

It appears that only the party members are truly afraid of the party, the "common criminals" are shown to disrespect the authority of the telescreens and to deal with the guards by negotiation or violence. there appears to be a "hierarchy" of prisoner in which Winston is at the bottom.

A drunken woman, who may well be Winston's mother, is put into the cell where she makes life uncomfortable for Winston.

Whilst in the cell he thinks about Julia "never betray her" and O'Brien "with a flickering of hope". He seems confident that at some point someone will slip him the "razerblade" even if he is unsure whether he would use it.

Ampleforth is brought into the cell and when questioned by Winston states he is there for the "only...offence" possible in Oceania - thoughtcrime. He states his particular crime was not replacing the word "God" in a Kipling poem where the rhyming word was "rod" - he seems to accept his fate and is later taken to room 101.

Parsons is brought into the cell and instantly proclaims his own guilt "of course I'm guilty" "the party wouldn't arrest an innocent man". He states that it was his daughter that betrayed him, although he seems to have a "doleful pride" in this fact.

A starving man is put into the cell. When one of the prisoners - Bumstead - offers him food the starving man rejects it completely and Bumstead is beaten savagely by the guards. When it is his time to be taken to room 101 he attempts to persuade the guards to murder his family rather than him "cut their throats in front of my eyes". However, there is nothing he can say to prevent them taking him.

After a long time O'Brien enters the room, Winston initially believes him to be a prisoner "they've got you to" but it becomes clear that O'Brien is actually in charge of his imprisonment "they got me a long time ago"