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Similarities:
-Produce new cells
-Have interphase where the chromosomes are duplicated
-Split the chromosomes apart
-Meiosis 2 and mitosis have identical mechanisms
-Essential for reproduction and necessary for evolution.

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Both begin in diploid cells;
Both duplicate DNA;
Both go through prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase;
Both result in cells;

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Similarities:
1.  both have same 4 phases
2. both go through interphase first
3. both cause the cell to divide
Differences:
1. Mitosis ends with 46 unduplicated chromosomes, meiosis ends with  23 unduplicated chromosomes
2. Mitosis has one round of division, meiosis has 2
3. meiosis creates 4 cells, mitosis creates 2
4. mitosis is a cycle

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2. Both involve spindle fibers
3. Both produce new cells
4. Both divide the nucleus

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1. Both result in daughter cells
2. Chromosomes need to be duplicated before process
3. Both end up with twice the amount of cells after the phases
4. Abnormalities in both processes can harm the organism

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Similarities:
- Mitosis and Meiosis has the same basic 5 phases
- DNA replication (inter phase) always precedes them
- Both are systems of division
- Both Meiosis and Mitosis start off as diploids

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Mitosis occurs to rebuild and regenerate genetically identical cells, while meiosis occurs to keep the number of chromosomes in an organism consistent;
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells;
Mitosis uses the same genes to complete its process, while meiosis requires genes from a mother and a father;
Mitosis divides once, while meiosis divides twice;

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1. Mitosis ends in 2 cells and meiosis ends in 4 cells

3. Mitosis created identical daughter cells while meiosis creates homologous daughter cells.

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Differences:
- Meiosis has 2 rounds while  Mitosis has 1 round
- Meiosis results in 4 daughter cells while Mitosis results in 2
- Mitosis results in diploids while Meiosis results in haploids
- Mitosis results in an exact copy while Meiosis results in differing daughter cells
- Independent assortment only takes place in Meiosis
- Crossing over only takes place in Meiosis

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1. Meiosis can involve alternate routes for metaphase and telophase
2. Crossing over only takes place in Meiosis
3. Meiosis ends with 4 daughter cells, while Mitosis ends with only 2 daughter cells
4. Mitosis involves diploid cells, while Meiosis involves haploid cells
5. Only Mitosis creates genetically identical cells
6. Meiosis goes through the 4 phases twice, Mitosis only once

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Differences:
-Meiosis is not a cycle
-Meiosis has two steps
-After prophase in meiosis, the chromosomes are  no longer genetically identical
-Cells produced in meiosis are genetically distinct

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The significance of crossing over and independent assortment is that it creates genetic diversity. This is important because it allows no gamete to be genetically identical to another and this also makes every individual unique. Additionally, genetic diversity is important because it allows humans to have different genomes, which if we all had the same we would be vulnerable to the same diseases, illnesses, mutations, etc. which could kill us all.