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lenient (adj.) ['li:njənt]
1.tolerant or lenient
2.not stric
3.characterized by tolerance and mercy

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lags (n. v.)

v: 1. To move or make progress so slowly that you are behind other people or things.
2.If a computer or computer game lags, there  is a delay between the user doing something and the computer or game reacting to it.

n: 1. A delay between two things happening.

2. A delay between a user performing an action on a computer or computer game, and the computer or game reacting

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adjective

definition:
1. careful and persevering in carrying out tasks or duties

2. carried out with care and perseverance
e.g:He wants the boss to notice what a diligent worker he is.

from collinsdictionary

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adjective

1. careful and persevering in carrying out tasks or duties

2. carried out with care and perseverance
from collinsdi

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Definition:Running a vehicle's engine when the vehicle is not in motion.

Elva

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adjective. reliant
n. reliance

Definition  from the Cambridge Business English Dictionary:
to need or depend on something or someone in order to be able to do something.
eg: We need to make the transition towards an energy economy which is not reliant upon fossil fuels.

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Huiryeong:  This definition is not quite right in the context of the text.  Please look at Collins dictionary  (1) and change it: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/rival
Verb
a person, business, or organization who you are competing or fighting against in the same area or for the same things.
outdoor and indoor air pollution rivals cigarette smoking as a major risk factor for death and disability

Huiryeong

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Mortality is the number of deaths within a particular society and within a particular period of time

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Mortality is the number of deaths within a particular society and within a particular period of time

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Estimated used when saying what the cost, size, value, etc. of something is believed to be, although it is not known for certain:The business is worth an estimated $250 million.

The estimated cost of the building project is well over £1 million.

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A feeling of smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements.

Veronica

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1.present as the strongest or main element
2.having more power or influence than others

adj.  predominant
adv. predominantly
n. predominance ,predomination
vi. predominate

The predominant sources vary across the world

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Anything that restrains or controls; a restraint; check.

eg：Without action by government across the world to curb this pollution.

curb·a·ble , adjective

curb·less , adjective

curb·like , adjective

un·curb , verb (used with object)

un·curb·a·ble , adjective

un·curbed , adjective

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definition：thesubject to death or death, especially on a large scale
cite source: Although the new research does not provide separate mortality estimates for Australia.

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Definition:something can encourage people to do some thing.
Form:Noun.
Verb: incentivize

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noun.
Definition something that is very good and that is used to make judgements about the quality of other things.
by Betty

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Definition——to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something(Cambridge English)
Forms ——
estimation n.
estimate v.
estimable adj.

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Members of a government department, legislature or other organization who build and decide rules, regulation or law (Cambridge dictionary)