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ecological niche of Cervus elaphus on Mt. Parnitha

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ecological niche of Cervus elaphus on Mt. Parnitha

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https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/frontend/en/browse/1328304

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Monitoring of wolf presence, activity patterns and predation on autochthonous red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the Parnitha National Park, Greece

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Monitoring of wolf presence, activity patterns and predation on autochthonous red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the Parnitha National Park, Greece

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https://www.researchgate.net/project/Monitoring-of-wolf-presence-activity-patterns-and-predation-on-autochthonous-red-deer-Cervus-elaphus-in-the-Parnitha-National-Park-Greece

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Herbivorous Consumers -Red Deer, Wild Boar, Hare 

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Herbivorous Consumers -Red Deer, Wild Boar, Hare 

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1st-3rd Level Carnivores-Fox, Weasel, Badger

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1st-3rd Level Carnivores-Fox, Weasel, Badger

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Mistletoe (Viscum album) in the fir forest of Mount Parnis, Greece

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Mistletoe (Viscum album) in the fir forest of Mount Parnis, Greece

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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223884894_Mistletoe_Viscum_album_in_the_fir_forest_of_Mount_Parnis_Greece

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PHYTOGEOGRAPHY AND ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE FLORA AND VEGETATION OF MT PARNITHA (ATTICA, GREECE)

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PHYTOGEOGRAPHY AND ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE FLORA AND VEGETATION OF MT PARNITHA (ATTICA, GREECE)

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https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/edinburgh-journal-of-botany/article/phytogeography-and-ecological-evaluation-of-the-flora-and-vegetation-of-mt-parnitha-attica-greece/F22267490E1F16F881A74BF15BC6BE6D

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Helenic Ornithological Society - Important Bird Areas of Greece

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Helenic Ornithological Society - Important Bird Areas of Greece

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Mount Parnitha - Important Bird Areas of Greece - Hellenic Ornithological Society

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Allium brussalisii (Alliaceae), a new species from Greece

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Allium brussalisii (Alliaceae), a new species from Greece

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Greece: A Balkan Subrefuge for a Remnant Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) Population

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Greece: A Balkan Subrefuge for a Remnant Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) Population

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PALEOGEOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF THE ATHENS BASIN FROM UPPER MIOCENE TO PRESENT

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PALEOGEOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF THE ATHENS BASIN FROM UPPER MIOCENE TO PRESENT

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Phytogeography and ecological evaluation of the flora and vegetation of Mt Parnitha (Attica, Greece)

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Phytogeography and ecological evaluation of the flora and vegetation of Mt Parnitha (Attica, Greece)

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The mountain of Parnitha (1413 m, Karambola) is located in the northern part of Attika, very close (40 km) to the centre of Athens. The mountainous block of Parnitha consists mainly of marbles and schists. The climate is typical Mediterranean with mean annual rainfall exceeding 650 mm. The site is a well forested area, characterised mainly by forests of the endemic greek fir, Abies cephalonica, on fairly poor and dry soil (a habitat type not included in Annex I, with CORINE 91 code 42.18); temperate coniferous forests (mainly Pinus halepensis); sclerophyllous scrub/maquis, mountain grassland, rocky cliffs, springs and streams. Regarding the zonal vegetation of the area, two main zones exist: 1. The zone of Abies cephalonica at the upper parts (starting from 600 - 800 m and upwards), with A. cephalonica forest, also characterised by Quercus ilex formations as well as by the presence of Quercus pubescence, Fraxinus ornus and other high altitude Mediterranean shrubs; and 2. The zone of Pinus halepensis and the evergreen, sclerophyllous shrubs (Quercus coccifera, Arbutus unedo, Phillyrea media, Myrtus communis, Olea europea, Ceratonia siliqua, Pistacia lentiscus etc.) which occur in unmixed communities or understorey vegetation of the pine forests. The area has been characterised as a national park since 1961. The core of the National park is located in the centre of the site and includes the summit area of the mountain. It must be mentioned that habitat type 9540 concerns Pinus halepensis forests.

Biotic characteristics:
Abiotic characteristics:
Biodiversity:
Endemic Species:
Damaging Human Activities:

References
Wikipedia
Parnitha NATURA 2000 - STANDARD DATA FORM
Parnitha Forestry Service

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Damaging Human Activities in the National Park of Parnitha

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Damaging Human Activities in the National Park of Parnitha

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Parnitha suffered extensive damage from a wildfire on Thursday, 28 June 2007 around the morning and noon hours, continuing for several days and burning approximately 56 km² of land; one of the worst recorded wildfires in the prefecture ... The magnitude of the devastation was unforeseen. A smaller fire had, however, taken place in the 1960s.[7]
.... Scientists estimate[citation needed] that the area's recovery time may be as long as a century.
From Wikipedia

From Parnitha NATURA 2000 Standard Data Form:
4.3 Threats, pressures and activities with impacts on the site

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Endemic Species of National Park of Parnitha

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Endemic Species of National Park of Parnitha

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Endemic Species

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From Parnitha NATURA 2000 Standard Data Form:
4.2 Quality and importance
The National Park of Parnitha is a very interesting region regarding biodiversity, suitable to function as a shelter for the protection and conservation of the flora and fauna of southern Greece. Moreover, it has already been designated as a Special Protection Area (SPA) for birds. This is an important area for species associated with conifer forest species and upland scrub. Species of concern include: Emberiza caesia The flora of mount Parnitha is one of the richest in Greece. There have been recorded hundreds of plant species, many of which are endemic or threatened by extinction. It also hosts a variety of animal species, vertebrates and invertebrates, many of them legaly protected at national and international level. In addition, it is the only area in southern Greece where the red Deer (Cervus elaphus) survives. The proximity of the site to the city of Athens in combination to its great ecological and aesthetic value contribute to its significance as an area which has to be studied and protected.
3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

3.1 Habitat types present on the site and assessment for them

3.2 Species referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2009/147/EC and listed in Annex II of Directive 92/43/EEC and site evaluation for them
3.3 Other important species of flora and fauna (optional)

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Abiotic characteristics of Parnitha National Park 

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Abiotic characteristics of Parnitha National Park 

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Biotic characteristics of Parnitha National Park 

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Biotic characteristics of Parnitha National Park 

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Forests of Aleppo Pine cover all slopes beneath 1,000 m altitude, and are often threatened by forest fires, such as happened in 2005 and 2007. Above 1,000 m it is covered principally in Greek Fir,[2] grasses and shrubbery, and beneath 300 m mainly farmlands and suburban housing to the east. About 1,000 species of plants can be found on the mountain, including crocus and tulips, and the mountain also provides a native habitat to its red deer (Cervus elaphus), which were known in ancient times. (wikipedia)

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2. based on the simplified trophic pyramid found in slide 6 of the resource topic 2.1 'Relationship of organisms in ecosystems', make an analogous one with plants and animals from your own BioArea

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2. based on the simplified trophic pyramid found in slide 6 of the resource topic 2.1 'Relationship of organisms in ecosystems', make an analogous one with plants and animals from your own BioArea

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2. two organisms that share the same food (niche partitioning) and the way that they manage it

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2. two organisms that share the same food (niche partitioning) and the way that they manage it

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2. the ecological niche of two characteristic animals

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2. the ecological niche of two characteristic animals

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2. Two examples of animals with a predator-prey relation

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2. Two examples of animals with a predator-prey relation

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1 Wolf-Deer
http://en.protothema.gr/the-wolves-are-back-at-mt-parnitha-after-fifty-years/

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0 - or - 0  | cow and snail  | if the cow steps on the snail
HOW CAN THE COW LOOSE? - (the - 0 case)

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Grey wolves  reintroduction into Yellowstone

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Grey wolves  reintroduction into Yellowstone

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3.  The wolves were brought in because the increased elk population was overgrazing the deciduous, woody species such as aspen and cottonwood.