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In the Wake of Wakefield, Archive on 4 - BBC Radio 4

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Adam Rutherford explores the 20-year legacy of a paper linking the MMR vaccine and autism.

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Disinformation: A User's Guide, Archive on 4 - BBC Radio 4

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Phil Tinline mines the long history of disinformation to identify techniques in use today.

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Senior White House aide Kellyanne Conway appeared on NBC's Meet the Press on Sunday and spoke to host Chuck Todd about a briefing the new press secretary, Sean Spicer, had held earlier in the weekend. Spicer claimed Donald Trump's inauguration had attracted record numbers of spectators. Conway denied the statements were lies, instead branding them 'alternative facts'

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Kellyanne Conway denies Trump press secretary lied: 'He offered alternative facts' - video

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Senior White House aide Kellyanne Conway appeared on NBC's Meet the Press on Sunday and spoke to host Chuck Todd about a briefing the new press secretary, Sean Spicer, had held earlier in the weekend. Spicer claimed Donald Trump's inauguration had attracted record numbers of spectators.

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The Trump administration has invented a little thing called "alternative facts."

You've never heard of them, because they don't exist.

Here's a small recap of where "alternative facts" came from, and why the internet is having a field day skewering the concept right now. Instead of accepting the low Inauguration turnout, the Trump administration thought of a strategy - simply say pictures lie, our lying eyes lie, the media lies, and nothing we are experiencing is real.

These are two aerial photographs taken at approximately the same time during the Trump Inauguration (left) and Obama's 2009 Inauguration (right). On Saturday, during the largest protest this country has probably ever seen, Trump ordered a press conference. The White House Press Secretary, Sean Spicer, stood in front of the press and made this statement:

"This was the largest audience to ever witness an inauguration - period."

From Snopes: "Although the White House Press Secretary said that Trump's inauguration saw the "largest audience to ever witness" such an event, no reliable data backs up that claim. Trump's swearing-in saw fewer television viewers than four other inaugurations and prompted fewer Metro rides than both of Barack Obama's inaugurations, and an optical analysis conducted by a crowd safety consultant found that Trump's inaugural crowd size was significantly lower than that of 2009."

Translation: he lied.

The following day on "Meet The Press," Chuck Todd asked Kellyanne Conway, counselor to President Trump, about Spicer's blatant lie.

Chuck Todd: "Why did the president send out his press secretary, who's not just the spokesperson for Donald Trump. He could be- He also serves as the spokesperson for all of America at times. He speaks for all of the country at times. Why put him out there for the very first time in front of that podium to utter a provable falsehood? It's a small thing. But the first time he confronts the public it's a falsehood?"

They went back and forth a little after the question, because it's literally impossible for Conway to answer direct questions from the media, ever.

Todd: "Answer the question of why the president asked the White House press secretary to come out in front of the podium for the first time and utter a falsehood? Why did he do that? It undermines the credibility of the entire White House press office-"

Kellyanne Conway: "No it doesn't. Don't be so overly dramatic about it, Chuck. What- You're saying it's a falsehood. And they're giving Sean Spicer, our press secretary, gave alternative facts to that. But the point remains-"

Chuck Todd: "Wait a minute- Alternative facts? Alternative facts... Four of the five facts he uttered were just not true. Look, alternative facts are not facts. They're falsehoods."

THEY'RE NOT LIES, THEY'RE ALTERNATIVE FACTS. AND YOU'RE NOT STARING INTO THE ABYSS RIGHT NOW BECAUSE YOU CAN'T BELIEVE THIS IS OUR ADMINISTRATION TALKING, YOU'RE EMBROIDERING YOUR OWN MAGA HAT.

The internet was not having this "alternative facts" BS:

Art: Tim O'Brien #alternatefacts

Posted by Boing Boing on Sunday, January 22, 2017

Healthy dinner #alternativefacts pic.twitter.com/CrAEDThTAU

- Mia Farrow (@MiaFarrow) January 23, 2017

I'm about to devour this alt-salad. #alternativefacts pic.twitter.com/EZKdmDN1RP

- Andrea Chalupa (@AndreaChalupa) January 22, 2017

Meet my new cat. He is the best cat. Of course he's a cat. Yes, I stand by cat. This is an alternative fact. pic.twitter.com/X2HC8R1aEa

- Seth Young (@sethyoung) January 22, 2017

"I cannot tell a lie...but...perhaps I can interest you in an alternative fact?" pic.twitter.com/bGIMf3b9wT

- Alex Rainert (@arainert) January 22, 2017

alternative fact pic.twitter.com/k9ugyquPmM

- Carina Hsieh (@carinahsieh) January 22, 2017

Guess the number of jelly beans.

Me: 87
Wife: 134
Sean Spicer: 1.5 million#spicerfacts pic.twitter.com/dq7MmhgG3H

- Mark Zohar (@markzohar) January 22, 2017

So just to recap:

There is no such thing as an "alternative fact."

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'Alternative Facts' Get The Meme Treatment They Deserve

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The Trump administration has invented a little thing called "alternative facts." You've never heard of them, because they don't exist. Here's a small recap of where "alternative facts" came from, and why the internet is having a field day skewering the concept right now.

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"People and Dinosaurs are shown to scale"

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"People and Dinosaurs are shown to scale"

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This is an example of what passes for "scientific" knowledge in a text book written by Christian Fundamentalists, soon to be give the power to instruct and inform educational policies in the U.S..

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In an attempt to critique the "post-truth" controversy of our current moment, Malik cites the baleful influence of (French) Theory here to argue that the 'epistemic relativism' that comes with postmodernism has produced our current crisis.

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Fake news. Alternative facts. Post-truth politics. Three issues that dominate much current discussion, all connected to new anxieties about how we can distinguish truth and falsity, and all seemingly linked to the election of Donald Trump as US President. Trump's election victory was, for many, fuelled by a wave of fake news.

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UNBOXED: Lyotard, Postmodernism & the Metanarrative

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'Postmodernism' from Cultural Theory & Popular Culture: An Introduction (5th Edition) 2008

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'Postmodernism' from Cultural Theory & Popular Culture: An Introduction (5th Edition) 2008

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John Storey addresses