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What other cards/topics need to be made?:)

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Evasion of Influenza A Viruses from Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses

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Evasion of Influenza A Viruses from Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses

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Binding of influenza viral proteins to various components of the innate immune system leads to their inhibition, whereas a combination of immune pressure in the human population and the high mutation rate of the influenza A virus leads to the generation of new virus strains that escape the existing adaptive humoral and cellular immune responses. MORE DETAIL IN PAPER

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499814/

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Genome consists of 8 gene segments of -ssRNA which encodes 12 proteins: hemaglutinin and neuraminidase (surface), 2 matrix proteins, nucleoprotein, 3 polymerase complex proteins, and 4 non-structural proteins

Subdivided based on their surface glycoproteins - 17 types of HA and 9 types of NA currently known

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Tropism and Infectivity of Influenza Virus

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Tropism and Infectivity of Influenza Virus

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Binding of hemagglutinin (HA) protein binds to sialic acid (SA) residues present on the surface of host cells. Human influenza viruses preferentially bind to α2,6-linked SA, whereas avian influenza viruses bind to α2,3-linked SA.
Cellular tropism and the infectivity of influenza viruses are primarily determined by the distribution of these two SA re- ceptors in the human respiratory tract.
Human influenza viruses attach primarily to ciliated epithelial cells and to a lesser extent to goblet cells in the upper respiratory tract, as well as to type I pneumocytes in the alveoli. Continued in paper

http://jvi.asm.org/content/87/5/2597.full.pdf+html

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In the words of Jody Winter "Influenza B and C only really infect animals" should we just talk about A?

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Cellular Networks Involved in the Influenza Virus Life Cycle

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Cellular Networks Involved in the Influenza Virus Life Cycle

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Predicting host tropism of influenza A virus proteins using random forest

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Predicting host tropism of influenza A virus proteins using random forest

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4290784/
Human strains predominantly recognize α2,6-sialic acid linkages while avian strains preferentially binds receptors of α2,3-sialic acid linkages

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each card is a quarter of a page

4 to a page!!!

REMEMBER TO PRINT FOR WEDNESDAY

Post your cards when they are done so we can all have a look

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Lauren and Olivia:
alpha 2,6 sialic acid
alpha 2,3 sialic acid
macrophages
NK cells
Neuraminidase

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Ivana & Nat
NS1
PAX
Antigenic drift
Antigen shift
NP

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Has anyone got/done the template for the top trump cards?

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Has anyone got/done the template for the top trump cards?

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*its in the messages section-->*

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Sorry for the delay
also im not sure about the colour scheme, font and text size but we should probably finalise tuesday evening  so all of themm look the same

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antigenic shift/drift, natural immunity + vaccine induced immunity 

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antigenic shift/drift, natural immunity + vaccine induced immunity 

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https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X07008328/1-s2.0-S0264410X07008328-main.pdf?_tid=e0326e04-c3b9-11e7-9b70-00000aab0f27&acdnat=1510059055_081ea41fe3018fabac517d0aff043579

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Zam, Curtis and Alan... Which cards are you doing? Please all remember to print 10 copies of each card for tomorrows session

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I did hemagglutinin then ones for neuraminidase inhibitor and influenza vaccines in general - curtis

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Any chance you can change the word Occurrence to effectiveness ? We all think that would make more sense

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does that mean attractiveness is being taken out then? ivana + nat have strength, effectiveness, specificity and occurrence on their cards

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Sorry, that is exactly what I meant, ie what nat have done

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NK cells and Neuraminidase top trump cards
They look a bit different on my laptop, all the sizes fit etc.

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(host)HA-specific antibodies: IgM/IgA/IgG

(host)NA-specific antibodies:

(host)T-cell CD8+

(host)T-cell CD4+

LW (host)Dendritic cells (drive T-cell response)

OM (host)Epithelial cells

OM (host)Mucous

LW (host)Interferons

(host)Cytokines - which ones released?

(host)IgA & IgG (in mucous) -> preventing haemagglutinin attaching

(host)Hyperreactivity and broncho-obstruction

(host)Apoptosis of host cells

IT/NH (virus) mutations in CTL

IT/NH epitope of NP - stop recognition from T cells

IT/NH(virus) influenza polymerase complex (PB2, PB1 & PA) - cap-snatching of host RNA

IT/NH(virus)PB2 - limit production of IFN-B

IT/NH(virus)PB1-F2 - limit production of IFN-B

good link for info: http://www.influenzareport.com/ir/pathogen.htm

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(we can't edit the post os we are writing ours here) Lauren: Dendritic cells and interferons. Olivia: mucus and epithelial cells.

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sorry for any inconvenience, as i havnt been active enough with this scale up. i will do CD 8

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I will take Mucous and Cytokines if thats

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It's Olivia, i have already done Mucus, if you look at the previous posts!

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Ok, can I just do the cytokines then?

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If possible can you do another one, they don't take much time. Most of us have done 4 or 5 each. It isn't desperate, it's just the more we have the better!

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Ok, which of the topics are left as I don't want to start one others are doing.

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All of these are free if anyone else needs titles! Zam can you try and do another please, if possible

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All of these are free if anyone else needs titles! Zam can you try and do another please, if possible

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(host)IgA & IgG (in mucous) -> preventing haemagglutinin attaching

(host)Hyperreactivity and broncho-obstruction

(host)Apoptosis of host cells

(host)T-cell CD4+

(host)HA-specific antibodies: IgM/IgA/IgG

(host)NA-specific antibodies:

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I have done apoptosis, CD-4 T cells and cytokines

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i am so sorry that i cannot make anymore im going to collect my children from school and i hope i get to uni on the time

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i am so sorry that i cannot make anymore im going to collect my children from school and i hope i get to uni on the time

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zam