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References

(n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_blackholes_blackholes.html

(n.d.). Retrieved from http://amazingspace.org/resources/explorations/blackholes/lesson/whatisit/massive.html

(n.d.). Retrieved from http://amazingspace.org/resources/explorations/blackholes/lesson/whatisit/types.html

By: Camille M. Carlisle | December 28, 2016. (2016, December 28). What's Inside a Black Hole? Past the Event Horizon. Retrieved from http://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-resources/whats-inside-a-black-hole/

Crew, B. (n.d.). Physicists Have Created a 'Black Hole' in The Lab That Could Finally Prove Hawking Radiation Exists. Retrieved from https://www.sciencealert.com/physicists-have-created-a-black-hole-in-the-lab-and-it-could-finally-confirm-the-existence-of-hawking-radiation

Dunbar, B. (2015, May 21). What Is a Black Hole? Retrieved from https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-a-black-hole-k4.html

The Structure of Black Holes. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://minerva.union.edu/vianil/web_stuff2/Structure_of_Black_Holes.htm

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Humans can't actually do something on Earth to cause a black hole to form because we can't cause a star to collapse, like it does in a galaxy. But however physicists have simulated a lab sized black hole made from sound to study how they work. For humans to make an artificial black hole you would need to compress the Earth's mass into a radius of 0.9 cm, in order for a black hole to form through the collapse of the matter. The density of such an object would be a phenomenal value that the formation of this black hole would result in the destruction of most of the planet in fractions of a second.

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Singularity:
It is the very center of a black hole where gravity is the strongest.
The Event Horizon:
It is the part where there is no point of return, any object within this radius can't escape the gravitational force of the black hole.
The Accretion Disk:
It is a disk composed of stellar material that spirals towards the black hole.
The Ergosphere:
If the black hole is rotating, then as it spins, its mass causes space time around the black hole to rotate. This region is called the ergosphere.
Jets of Gas:
For some black holes, high intensity magnetic fields are emitted perpendicular to the accretion disk. This causes charged particles to circle these magnetic field lines and create jets of gas perpendicular to the accretion disk.

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Do black holes grow or do they stay the same?

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Do black holes grow or do they stay the same?

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Supermassive black holes grow when material crosses the event horizon which boosts the black hole's gravitational force and expands the event horizon. Astronomers think that when material gets closer to the event horizon the material heats up and swirls around the hole.

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A black hole is a region of space where the force of gravity sucks everything in including light. Gravity sucks in so much that even light can't even escape, it is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny place.

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Are there different types of black holes?

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Are there different types of black holes?

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Yes, there are three different types of black holes and they are all a bit different. One of the black holes is called a stellar black hole, another one is called a supermassive black hole. The last one is called a miniature black hole.

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We don't actually know for sure what is inside a black hole because once light or material passes the event horizon it cannot return to us. But there is some theories that all the matter in a black hole is all piled up in a single point right in the center. That center point in a black hole is called singularity. But also it depends on the black holes history to determine what is inside it, it might be turbulent, twisted, or a number of things.

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Stellar Black Holes:
They form when a massive star collapses. Inside a star, gravity tries to pull everything closer together, at the same time energy released by nuclear reactions heats the stellar interior. Pressure of the hot gas pushes out so that gravity and pressure balance. Then when a massive star runs out of nuclear fuel it becomes unbalanced and the gravity over powers it.When that happens the outer layers explode in a supernova and the center collapses.

Supermassive Black Holes:
They are a byproduct of galaxy formation and they are located in the center of galaxies close to many tightly packed stars and gas clouds and they continue to grow on matter. They also might be a result of the collapse of a dense cluster of stars.

Miniature Black Holes:
They have not yet been discovered, one theory is that they possibly were formed shortly after the "Big Bang" which is thought to have stared the universe 13.7 billion years ago. Early in the life of the universe the rapid expansion of some matter might have compressed slower moving matter enough to contract into black holes. All matter and energy was compressed into a simple point then it exploded and expanded rapidly.  Some might have expanded faster than other parts compressing some matter ad squeezing it into miniature black holes.

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Stellar black holes are 20 times bigger than the mass of the sun.
Supermassive black holes mass is more than one million suns put together.
The mass of a miniature black hole is smaller than the size of Mt. Everest.

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If black holes are black how do scientists know where they are?

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If black holes are black how do scientists know where they are?

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Since you can't see a black hole scientists looks for the strong gravitational affects and the stars and gas around the black hole. Also they can study stars to find out if they are flying around or orbiting in a black hole.  NASA is also using satellites and telescopes that are travelling in space to learn more about black holes.