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break down into amino acids

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break down into fat

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break down into sugar

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The chemical process that generates most of the energy in the cell, supplying molecules needed to make the metabolic reactions of an organism run.

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Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities

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Glucose is a monosaccharide, which is a simple term for sugar. It is one of three monosaccharides that are used by the body, but it is the only one that can be used directly to produce ATP. ATP is used by the body for energy.

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What Is Glucose?

The name glucose is from the Greek word for 'sweet' , which is 'glukus.' Glucose is a monosaccharide, which is another term for a simple sugar. It is one of three monosaccharides that are used by the body, but it is the only one that can be used directly to produce ATP. ATP is used by the body for energy; in fact, ATP is the only molecule that can be used for energy. Thus, adequate glucose levels are essential.

Glucose is both helpful and harmful to organisms. As mentioned, glucose is used by cells to make ATP and power the body. Hyperglycemia (high blood glucose), however, is cytotoxic (cell-killing) and can induce severe inflammation throughout the body. Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) occurs when there is not enough glucose in the blood. This too is harmful and potentially deadly.

The body has several ways to detect changing glucose levels and mechanisms to correct harmful situations. When the body cannot regulate glucose levels, diseases such as diabetes occur.

Regulation

When you eat, the carbohydrates in your food are either already simple sugars or are re-broken down into simple sugars. The simple sugars are readily absorbed into your bloodstream from your digestive system, causing your blood glucose level to rise. Your pancreas detects rising blood glucose and responds by secreting insulin. Insulin is a regulatory molecule whose purpose is to control carbohydrate and fat metabolism.

Once released into the blood, insulin directs cells of the liver, skeletal muscle, and fat tissue to absorb glucose from the blood. Once blood glucose levels decrease to a safe level, insulin secretion from the pancreas stops.

Can you feel hyperglycemia? Usually, you cannot feel that your blood sugar is above normal levels. However, in extreme cases, you can feel very thirsty, very hungry, urinate frequently, and even lose consciousness. Sudden onset of hyperglycemia is an emergency situation that usually only affects insulin-dependent diabetics.

Alternatively, when you go for a while without eating, the glucose levels in your blood drop. This situation is also sensed by the pancreas, which releases a different molecule called glucagon. Glucagon stimulates the liver to convert glycogen (a starch-like stored form of glucose) to glucose and release it into the blood. Glucagon release stops when blood glucose levels rise back into a safe range.

Can you feel hypoglycemia? Yes. When your blood sugar drops below a critical threshold you can feel dizzy, have trouble thinking, your hands shake, and you can lose consciousness.

Insulin and glucagon work oppositely but in a coordinated way to regulate blood glucose levels. Their function is to maintain blood glucose levels within an acceptable range. Symptoms and complications of hypoglycemia are as mild as dysphoria (feeling unwell) to as serious as seizures, unconsciousness, brain damage, and death. Symptoms and complications of hyperglycemia are kidney damage, brain damage, heart damage, eye damage, and nerve damage in the feet and hands. The complications of hypoglycemia occur within minutes to hours of the onset of hypoglycemia. In contrast, the complications of hyperglycemia can take months to years of chronic excessive blood glucose exposure to develop. Here is a diagram of the glucose regulatory loop.

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definition & regulation - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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What Is Glucose? - Formula, Definition & Regulation - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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The name glucose is from the Greek word for 'sweet' , which is 'glukus.' Glucose is a monosaccharide, which is another term for a simple sugar. It is one of three monosaccharides that are used by the body, but it is the only one that can be used directly to produce ATP.

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ATP ( also known as Adenosine Triphosphate ) is considered by biologists to be the energy currency of life. It is the high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do.

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ATP & Respiration: Crash Course Biology #7

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Producers, or autotrophs, make their own organic molecules. Consumers, or heterotrophs, get organic molecules by eating other organisms.

A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

In a food chain, each organism occupies a different trophic level, defined by how many energy transfers separate it from the basic input of the chain.

Food webs consist of many interconnected food chains and are more realistic representation of consumption relationships in ecosystems.

Energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient—with a typical efficiency around 10%. This inefficiency limits the length of food chains.

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Every object may have Potential energy but Gravitational Potential energy is only stored in the height of the object. Any time that a heavy object is kept high up, a force or power is likely to be holding it up there.

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As with electrical charges, unlike poles attract each other and like poles repel each other. A study of magnets allows the introduction of a new concept in energy, the concept of a field.

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Mechanical energy is often confused with kinetic and Potential energy. We will try to make it very easy to understand and know the difference. Before that, we need to understand the word work.

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Radiant energy is the energy of electromagnetic and gravitational radiation. As energy, its SI unit is the joule.

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Energy that is created by splitting apart the nuclei of atoms: nuclear energy.

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can not be created or destroyed just changed. Stored energy is called potential. Usable is called kinetic

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Electric energy is to the kinetic energy of moving electrons, the negatively-charged particles in atoms.

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Chemical energy is stored in the bonds between the atoms in compounds. This stored energy is transformed when bonds are broken or formed through chemical reaction.

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Sound waves are made when stuff vibrates – like strings on an instrument or gas molecules in the air. Sound waves travel when the vibrating stuff causes stuff surrounding it to also vibrate.