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infancy stage is the second fastest period of physical development in the lifespan,as birth weight doubles by 6 months and tripples by 12 months.
-bones begin to ossify
-senses continue to develop
-controlled and motor skills develop
-at 6 months infants start crawling
-by the age of one many infants can walk and stand
-by the age of 2 they can usually throw and kick.

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the infant is totally dependent on its parents or caregivers and will learn certain social skills by observing these people.
-infants begin to smile at around six weeks
-and after 6 months the infant will begin to recognise facial expression of others such as smile or frown.
infants will gradually learn culturally acceptable behavious such as listening to parents and not hitting others.

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first developent of emotional development is when the hurt or distressed infant can be comforted by its caregivers.
-emotional attachment is developed with caregivers within months
-by 8 months the infant can express anger and hapiness and may become frustrated if interupted in their activities.
-by 12 months the infant becomes sensitive to approval from parents. it may become upset or distressed if approval id not gained.

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from the time of birth all senses are working and the baby makes sense of the world around it.Many infants may collect information around them by putting objects into their mouth.

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from the time of birth all senses are working and the baby makes sense of the world around it.Many infants may collect information around them by putting objects into their mouth.

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-early infancy also signifies an emerging understanding of cause and effect.
--the attention span of an infant is short and may last for a matter of seconds.
--in early infancy an object that is out of sight no longer exists in the mind of the infant.
-by 18 months the infant can imitate and pretend in play activities, by observing others.
-language development is rapid during infancy :
- 3 month old will make speech-like sounds and woukd be able to say a couple of simple words.
-by the end of infancy the individual can say around 150-300 words, although there may be confusion in context and pronunciation

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early childhood

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early childhood

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early childhood

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early childhood

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the child will begin participating in a wider range of family routines such as attending social functions, eating at th etable and helping with the shopping.
-- child may attend playgroup, kindergarten or a childcare centre which provides many social skills such as sharing and taking turns.

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early childhood is characterised by slow and steady growth.
- height is increased by around 6cm per year and weight by around 2.5 kg a year.
-bones lengthen and ossify
-body proportions change and the limbs and torso become more proportionate to the head
-gross motor increase and walking style becomes more fluid and refined.
-coordinants improve
-fine motor skills progress

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emotional development continues to occur at a rather fast pace during early childhood.
-begin to develop a sense of empathy and may care for people who are crying .
-may use physical violence to express their frustration.
-may take pride in their achievements and would want to show it off to others.
-mood changes  frequently
- begin to develop identity

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learning new words and how to use language occurs rapidly during this stage and is a key part of a childs development.
-age 5 : 1500-2500 words.
-begin asking questions about their environments.
-first years of childhood the child ca n classify objects based on one aspect such as colour.
-more complex skills develop over time.
-learn to count 10 or 20.

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late childhood

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late childhood

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late childhood

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late childhood

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with the commencement of formal schooling most children experience a wide range of social situations during late childhood .

-relationships at school are formed
-may still "show off"
-increasing importance on being accepted by others and may modify their behaviour in order to gain attention.
-morals further develop
-greater sense of right and wrong

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physical development slow and steady
-bones and muscles continue to grow
-height continues  to increase 5-6  cm per year
-weight increaes 3 kg per year
-similar body proportions as a adult
-gains greater control over their body and motor skills develop as a result.
-most permanent teeth will be present.
-more complex gross and motor skills

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-identifies emotion in others
-have better control over their emotions
-become more skilled at conveying emotions in words
-may become self -conscious

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-knowledge of language increases
-by the age of 6 : children know 2000-3000 words
-by the end of childhood they may know over 10000 words
-by the age of 12 : the individual can read and make sense of age appropriate books.-
begin to focus on ideas rather than objects.