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The Beowulf manuscript was transcribed...

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The Beowulf manuscript was transcribed...

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•In 1805, the historian Sharon Turner translated selected verses into modern English;

•In 1815, GrímurJónssonThorkelínpublished the first complete edition in Latin;

•In 1837, John Mitchell Kemble created an important literal translation in English;

•J.R.R. Tolkien’s long-awaited translation (edited by his son, Christopher) was published in 2014 (Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary).

•The one and only translation from Anglo-Saxon into Russian was made by Vladimir Tikhomirov. Published in 1957.

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•Hwaet! We Gar-Dena in gear-dagum,

•theod-cyninga, thrym gefrunon,

•hu tha aethelingas ellen fremedon!

Translation:
O, praise of the prowess of people-kings
of spear-armed Danes, in days long sped,
we have heard, and what honor the athelings won!

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Later in his life, Beowulf becomes king of the Geats, and finds his realm terrorized by a dragon. He attacks the dragon with the help of his servants, but they do not succeed. Beowulf decides to follow the dragon to its lair at Earnanæs, but only his young Swedish relative Wiglaf dares to join him. Beowulf finally slays the dragon, but is mortally wounded in the battle. He is cremated and a burial mound by the sea is erected in his honor.

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Plot (part 1)The main protagonist Beowulf, a hero of the Geats,comes to the aid of Hrothgar, king of the Danes, whose great hall, Heorot,  is plagued by the monster Grendel. Beowulf kills Grendel with his bare handsand Grendel's mother  with a giant's sword that he found in her lair.

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Plot (part 1)The main protagonist Beowulf, a hero of the Geats,comes to the aid of Hrothgar, king of the Danes, whose great hall, Heorot,  is plagued by the monster Grendel. Beowulf kills Grendel with his bare handsand Grendel's mother  with a giant's sword that he found in her lair.

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•VII – VIII cen. – approximate creation period;

•consists of 3182 alliterative lines ("Oft ScyldScefing \\ sceaþenaþreatum");

•Bēowulf [ˈbeːo̯wʊlf]– literally Bee wolf (bear)

•was created on the basis of earlier folklore;

•represents the miraculous interweaving of mythology, folklore, historical events;

•dragon fight, three miraculous duels are folklore elements;

•the main character, fighting for interests of his tribe, his tragic death all of it is a peculiarity of heroic epos, historical in its basis.

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•The historical basis of Beowulf connects it with Scandinavia, and to be more precisewith some events chronologically close to Anglo-Saxon tribes migration from Jutland to Britain.